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{{Infobox spaceflight
| name = PSLV-C39
| names_list =

| image =
| image_caption =
| image_alt =
| image_size =

| mission_type = Deployment of [[IRNSS-1H]] into sub-[[Geostationary transfer orbit|GTO]]
| operator =[[ISRO]]
| website = [http://www.isro.gov.in/ ISRO website]
| mission_duration =

| spacecraft = [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle]]
| spacecraft_type = [[Expendable launch vehicle]]
| spacecraft_bus = 
| manufacturer =[[ISRO]]
| launch_mass = 321 [[Tonne|t]]
| payload_mass = 1425 kg
| dimensions = 
| launch_date = {{start date|df=yes|2017|08|31|19|00|00|7=IST}} ([[Indian Standard Time|IST]])
| launch_rocket = [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle]]
| launch_site = [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre First Launch Pad|Sriharikota Launching Range]]
| launch_contractor =[[ISRO]]

| payload_items =
{{Collapsible list
|framestyle=border:none; padding:0; 
|title=List of Satellites :
| {{Flagicon|India}} [[IRNSS-1H]]
}}
| cargo_mass =
| programme = [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle#Launch history|Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle missions]]
| previous_mission = [[PSLV-C38]]
| next_mission = [[PSLV-C40]]
}}
'''Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle – C39''' was the forty-first flight of the [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle|PSLV]] series of launch vehicles on 31 August 2017. Launched in its [[Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle#PSLV-XL|XL]] configuration, the vehicle suffered a rare failure – the first failure after 24 years of operations<ref name="HT">{{cite web|title=ISRO launch 'unsuccessful'|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/science/isro-launch-unsuccessful-what-is-heat-shield-and-why-was-irnss-1h-satellite-not-released/story-hQ81GxorxtCvv7vYe9qyML.html|website=Hindustan Times|date=September 2017 |accessdate=9 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209063714/https://www.hindustantimes.com/science/isro-launch-unsuccessful-what-is-heat-shield-and-why-was-irnss-1h-satellite-not-released/story-hQ81GxorxtCvv7vYe9qyML.html|archivedate=9 February 2018|location=Wayback Machine}}</ref> when the [[Payload fairing|heat shield]] failed to separate and the payload became trapped inside the heat shield and could not be deployed.<ref name="Hindu"/>

==The mission==
[[File:PSLV Heat Shield Model.jpg|thumb|PSLV Heat Shield]]
PSLV-C39 was supposed to launch the IRNSS-1H, the eighth satellite of the [[Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System|Indian Regional Navigation Satellite System (IRNSS)]]. The launch was necessitated due to the failure of all the Cesium atomic clocks in one of the satellites of the constellation which rendered the navigation system non-operational.<ref name="Cesium">{{cite web|author1=Johnson TA|title=ISRO readies replacement satellite after clock failure|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/isro-irnss-1h-readies-replacement-satellite-irnss-1h-after-clock-failure-4818259/|website=The Indian Express|date=29 August 2017 |accessdate=9 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209064703/http://indianexpress.com/article/technology/science/isro-irnss-1h-readies-replacement-satellite-irnss-1h-after-clock-failure-4818259/|archivedate=9 February 2018|location=Wayback Machine}}</ref> The rocket successfully lifted off from the launch pad and performed as expected for about 3 minutes, when the heat shield protecting the satellite during its ascent through the atmosphere was supposed to separate. Due to a malfunction of the [[Pyrotechnic|pyro]] devices designed to explosively separate the heat shield,<ref name="Times">{{cite web|author1=U Tejonmayam|title=Why PSLV-C39 failed|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/why-pslv-c39-failed-an-explosion-that-didnt-happen/articleshow/62493045.cms|website=Times of India|accessdate=9 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209065622/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chennai/why-pslv-c39-failed-an-explosion-that-didnt-happen/articleshow/62493045.cms|archivedate=9 February 2018|url-status=live|location=WebCite}}</ref> the satellite remained within the heat shield.<ref name="HT"/> The satellite stuck within the heat shield with a combined weight of around {{convert|2400|kg|lb}} was expected to re-enter and burn up in the earth's atmosphere in 40 – 60 days,<ref>{{cite web|title=IRNSS-1H satellite and PSLV heat shield to re-enter Earth's atmosphere in 40-60 days|url=http://www.firstpost.com/tech/news-analysis/irnss-1h-satellite-and-pslv-heat-shield-to-re-enter-earths-atmosphere-in-40-60-days-4010357.html|website=Firstpost|date=5 September 2017 }}</ref><ref name="Hindu">{{cite news|title=What went wrong in PSLV-C39 launch?|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/what-went-wrong-in-pslv-c39-launch-isro-to-probe/article19604368.ece|website=The Hindu|date=September 2017 |accessdate=9 February 2018|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20180209072427/http://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/technology/what-went-wrong-in-pslv-c39-launch-isro-to-probe/article19604368.ece|archivedate=9 February 2018|location=Wayback Machine|last1=d. s |first1=Madhumathi }}</ref> though in reality this only occurred after 548 days on 2 March 2019 around 19:23 UTC near [[Fiji]].<ref name="space-track-decay">[https://www.space-track.org/basicspacedata/query/class/tip/NORAD_CAT_ID/42928/orderby/ID%20DESC/format/html/emptyresult/show Space-Track.org TIP messages for object 42928 (IRNSS 1H + PSLV upper stage)], published on 3 March 2019. Retrieved 29 May 2023.</ref>
[[File:Full size heat shield of PSLV 7852.JPG|thumb|left|Heat Shield Inside]]
{{clear}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.isro.gov.in/launchers/pslv PSLV : Official ISRO Page]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20091027104026/http://geocities.com/hari_ghk/pslv.htm India in Space PSLV page]

{{PSLV}}

[[Category:Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle]]
[[Category:Spacecraft launched by India in 2017]]
[[Category:August 2017 events in India]]
[[Category:Satellite launch failures]]

PSLV-C39 - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article