Delinker: Bot: The file File:PNS Mangro.jpg has been removed, as it does not exist.

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Bot: The file File:PNS Mangro.jpg has been removed, as it does not exist.

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	{\|{{Infobox ship begin}}		{\|{{Infobox ship begin}}
	{{Infobox ship image		{{Infobox ship image
	\| Ship image =~~[[File:PNS Mangro.jpg\|300px]]~~		\| Ship image =
	\| Ship caption =After her decommissioning, ''Mangro'' beached at the [[Gadani ship-breaking yard]] and sold for [[scrap metal]] in [[2006 in Pakistan\|2006]].		\| Ship caption =After her decommissioning, ''Mangro'' beached at the [[Gadani ship-breaking yard]] and sold for [[scrap metal]] in [[2006 in Pakistan\|2006]].
	}}		}}

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{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
| Ship image =[[File:PNS Mangro.jpg|300px]]
| Ship caption =After her decommissioning, ''Mangro'' beached at the [[Gadani ship-breaking yard]] and sold for [[scrap metal]] in [[2006 in Pakistan|2006]].
}}
{{Infobox ship career
| Hide header =
| Ship country = Pakistan
| Ship flag = {{shipboxflag|Pakistan|naval}}
| Ship name = ''Mangro''
| Ship namesake =
| Ship ordered = 1966
| Ship builder = [[Naval Group|DCNS]] in [[Toulon]] in [[France]]
| Ship yard number =
| Ship laid down = 8 July 1968
| Ship launched = 7 February 1970
| Ship acquired =
| Ship commissioned = 8 August 1970
| Ship decommissioned = 2 January 2006
| Ship in service = 1970–2006
| Ship out of service =
| Ship struck =
| Ship reinstated =
| Ship homeport =[[Karachi Naval Dockyard|Naval Dockyard]] in [[Karachi]]
| Ship fate =Scrapped by [[Pakistan National Shipping Corporation|National Shipping Corporation]]
| Ship identification = S-133
|Ship notes=
}}
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=
*{{Sclass|Daphné|submarine}}
*{{Sclass|Hangor|submarine (1968)|4}} (Subclass)
|Ship tonnage=
|Ship displacement=860 tons surfaced; 1,038 tons dived
|Ship length= {{Convert|57.75|m|ftin|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam= {{convert|6.8|m|abbr=on|1}}
|Ship height=
|Ship draught={{convert|4.6|m|abbr=on|1}}
|Ship draft=
|Ship power=
|Ship propulsion=Diesel-electric, two shafts, {{convert|1,600|shp|lk=in|0}}
|Ship speed=* Snorkelling: {{convert|16|kn|km/h|0}}
* Surfaced: {{convert|12|kn|km/h|0}}
|Ship range=Surfaced: {{convert|10000|nmi|km|0}} at {{convert|7|kn|km/h|0}}
|Ship endurance=30 days
|Ship test depth={{convert|300|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship complement=45, 7 officers, 41 enlisted<ref>{{cite book |title=Pakistan Pictorial |date=1985 |publisher=Pakistan Publications |edition=9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DnpCAAAAYAAJ&q=mangro |access-date=26 September 2018 |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|25}}
|Ship sensors=* DRUA 31 radar
* DUUA 2B sonar
* DSUV 2 passive sonar
* DUUX acoustic telemeter
|Ship EW=ARUR 10B radar detector
|Ship armament=* 12 × {{Convert|550|mm|in|abbr=on}} [[torpedo tube]]s (8 bow, 4 stern)
* 12 torpedoes or missiles
|Ship armour=
|Ship armor=
|Ship notes=
}}
|}

'''PNS/M ''Mangro'' (S-133)''' (nickname: [[Mangrove|'"Mangrove"]]), was a {{sclass|Hangor|submarine|0||1968}} [[Diesel-electric transmission|diesel-electric]] submarine based on the French {{sclass|Daphné|submarine|0}} design. She was designed, built, and commissioned in [[Toulon]], [[France]]. She was in commission from 9 August 1970 until 2 January 2006.<ref name="Pakistan Tribune, et.al, 2006." />

==History==
{{Main|Operation Jackpot}}
''Mangro'' (S133) was laid down on 8 July 1968 and [[Ship launching|launched]] on 7 February 1970 at [[Toulon]] in France.<ref name="PakDef Military Consortium, Shabbir, 2003">{{cite web |last1=Shabbir |first1=Usman |title=DAPHNE CLASS (SSK) |url=http://pakdef.org/daphne-class-ssk/ |website=PakDef Military Consortium |access-date=26 September 2018 |language=en |date=13 June 2022}}</ref> She was [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] in the [[Pakistan Navy]] on 8 August 1970.<ref name="PakDef Military Consortium, Shabbir, 2003"/>

In 1971, her crew began receiving training in France, and became involved in [[Bangladesh Liberation War|events surrounding]] the [[East Pakistan]] when a [[Operation Jackpot|mutiny took place]] in the ship to defect to [[Bangladesh]].<ref name="Rupantar Publication, Mahmud, 2014">{{cite book |last1=Mahmud |first1=Sezan |title=Operation Jackpot: A true, untold story of naval commando operations in the liberation war of Bangladesh in 1971 |date=2014 |publisher=Rupantar Publication |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uXWaBAAAQBAJ&q=pns+mangro&pg=PT11 |language=en-gb |chapter=From Toloun to Palashi}}</ref><ref name="Daily Star, Chowdhury, 2015">{{cite news |last1=Chowdhury |first1=Abdul Wahed |title=Naval Commandos in Operation Jackpot |url=https://www.thedailystar.net/supplements/independence-day-special-2015/submariners-heroism-and-the-first-military-response-france |access-date=26 September 2018 |work=The Daily Star |date=26 March 2015 |language=en}}</ref> At the time her crew were receiving training thirteen of the crew were [[East Pakistani]]s who planned an operation to take over the submarine and try to defect to [[Bangladesh]] from France.{{rp|204}}<ref name="Columbia Prokashani, Wahab, 2004">{{cite book |last1=Wahab |first1=A. T. M. Abdul |title=Mukti Bahini wins victory: Pak military oligarchy divides Pakistan in 1971 |date=2004 |publisher=Columbia Prokashani |isbn=9789847130446 |pages=352 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=nDpuAAAAMAAJ&q=pns+mangro |language=en}}</ref> ''Mangro'' was ordered to report back to [[Karachi Naval Dockyard|submarine base]] in Karachi on 1 April 1971 but her plan to depart was interrupted when the 13 East Pakistani enlists decided to seized the submarine.{{rp|204}}<ref name="Columbia Prokashani, Wahab, 2004"/>

Their plan, however, was foiled due to the advanced knowledge gained by the [[Naval Intelligence (Pakistan)|Naval Intelligence]], leading the [[Special Services Group Navy|Navy SSG]] to undertake an armed action plan to counter the mutiny, resulting in the death of one mutineer while the others escaped from the base in France and took refuge in the [[Embassy of India|Indian Embassy in Geneva]] in [[Switzerland]].{{rp|Contents}}<ref name="Yale University Press, Salil, 2016">{{cite book |last1=Tripathi |first1=Salil |title=The Colonel Who Would Not Repent: The Bangladesh War and Its Unquiet Legacy |date=2016 |publisher=Yale University Press |isbn=9780300221022 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DyTUCwAAQBAJ&q=Pakistan+Submarine+Jackpot&pg=PT163 |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|66–67}}<ref>{{cite book |last1=Rehman |first1=Khalilur |title=Muktiyuddhe nau-abhiyāna |date=2006 |isbn=984-465-449-1 |edition=Prathama prakāśa}}</ref>

After the incident, ''Mangro'' sailed to [[Pakistan]] under the command of [[Lieutenant-Commander]] Shamim Khalid and reported to its base in Karachi.<ref name="Defence Day">{{cite web |title=Defence Day |url=http://aiyshavarraich.blogspot.com/2015/09/defence-day.html |website=Defence Day |access-date=27 September 2022}}</ref> On 22 November 1971, ''Mangro'' was deployed under the command of Lieutenant-Commander Shamim to patrol off the [[Arabian Sea]], and eventually detected the Indian Navy's armada that was sent to [[Operation Trident (1971)|attack Karachi]].<ref name="Defence Day"/> No attack was carried out as [[India and Pakistan|both nations]] had not officially declared war, but she tracked the squadron.<ref name="Defence Day"/>

On 2 December 1971, ''Mangro'' reported back to her base, only to witness the attack on Karachi by the squadron she had tracked earlier had been commenced.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cardozo |first1=Ian |title=The Sinking of INS Khukri: Survivor's Stories |date=2006 |publisher=Roli Books |isbn=9789351940999 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xvs_CgAAQBAJ&q=pns+mangro+deployed&pg=PT57 |language=en}}</ref>{{rp|contents}} During its war operations, ''Mangro'' continued her operations and reported back to base safely after the ceasefire between the two nations was reached.<ref name="Defence Day" />

On 2 January 2006, she was decommissioned having completed 34-years of service with the Pakistan Navy.<ref name="Pakistan Tribune, et.al, 2006.">{{cite news |title=Pak-navy decommissioned 4 more French origin submarines |url=http://paktribune.com/news/Pak-navy-decommissioned-4-more-French-origin-submarines-130088.html |access-date=25 September 2018 |work=Pakistan Tribune |date=2 January 2006 |language=en}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* {{cite web |title=Pakistan Navy Submarine Command (COMSUBS) |url=https://www.paknavy.gov.pk/submarine_Force.html |website=Pakistan Navy |access-date=27 September 2022}}
* {{cite news |last1=Saeed |first1=Saquib |title=Under the Sea: The Four Daphné Girls |url=https://tribune.com.pk/story/748132/the-four-daphne-girls/ |access-date=26 September 2018 |work=The Express Tribune |date=17 August 2022}}

{{Daphné class submarines}}
{{Pakistan Armed Forces}}
{{Bangladesh liberation|collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mangro, PNS}}
[[Category:1970 ships]]
[[Category:Ships built in France]]
[[Category:Hangor-class submarines (Daphné-class)]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1971]]
[[Category:Bangladesh Liberation War]]

PNS Mangro (S133) - Revision history

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