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{{short description|7th Chief Justice of India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = Pralhad Gajendragadkar
| image = P.B.GajendragadkarPic.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| order1 = 7th
| office1 = Chief Justice of India
| term_start1 = 1 February 1964
| term_end1 = 15 March 1966
| nominator1 = 
| appointer1 = [[Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan]]
| predecessor1 = [[Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha]]
| successor1 = [[Amal Kumar Sarkar]]
| order2 =
| office2 = [[Law Commission of India|Chairman, 6th & 7th Law Commission of India]]
| term_start2 = 1971
| term_end2 = 1974
| nominator2 =
| appointer2 =
| birth_name = 
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1901|03|16}}
| birth_place = [[Satara (city)|Satara]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1981|06|12|1901|03|16}}
| death_place = [[Bombay]], [[Maharashtra]], [[India]]
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| residence =
| nationality = Indian
| other_names =
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| education =
| alma_mater = [[Karnatak College, Dharwar]], [[Deccan College (Pune)]], [[ILS Law College]]
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| parents = Balacharya
| relatives = Ashvathamacharya <small>(brother)</small>
| awards = Zala Vedant Prize
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'''Pralhad Balacharya Gajendragadkar''' (16 March 1901 – 12 June 1981) originally from [[Gajendragad|Gajendra-Gad]], a historic fort and town in [[Karnataka]], [[South India]]<ref>[http://www.supremecourtofindia.nic.in/judges/bio/pbgajendragadkar.htm -Biography of P B Gajendragadkar ]</ref><ref>[http://www.gajendragadkar.org/Home_Page.html - From Gajendra-Gad ] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081231025505/http://www.gajendragadkar.org/Home_Page.html |date=2008-12-31 }}</ref> was the 7th [[Chief Justice of India]], serving from February 1964 to March 1966.

==Career==
Prahlad Balacharya Gajendragadkar was born into [[Deshastha Brahmin|Deshastha Madhva Brahmin]] family on 16 March 1901 to Gajendragadkar Balacharya in [[Satara (city)|Satara]], [[Bombay Presidency]].{{Sfn|Sharma|2000|p=547}} The family of Gajendragadkar's, migrated from [[Gajendragad]], a town in [[Dharwad district]] in [[Karnataka]] to [[Satara (city)|Satara]] (now part of [[Maharashtra]]).<ref>{{cite book|title=Jawaharlal Nehru: A Glimpse of the Man and His Teachings|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ca8sAAAAMAAJ|author=Pralhad Balacharya Gajendragadkar|publisher=Nagpur University|year=1967}}</ref> Gajendragadkar's father Bal-Acharya (Teacher) was a [[Sanskrit]] Vidwan (scholar). P. B. Gajendragadkar, the youngest son of Bal-Acharya spread the fame of the family name Gajendra-Gadkar name. He followed his older brother Ashvathama-Acharys to Mumbai and carried the torch of the Gajendragadkar tradition in Nyaya (Law) to the western world. He passed M.A. from [[Deccan College (Pune)]] in 1924 and LL.B. with honors from the [[ILS Law College]] in 1926 and joined the Bombay Bar on the Appellate side. In the early days, he edited the 'Hindu Law Quarterly. His critical edition of the classic 'Dattaka Mimamsa' earned him a great reputation for scholarship. He became the acknowledged leader of the Bombay Bar, well known for his forensic skill and legal acumen.

In 1945, he was appointed a Judge of the Bombay High Court. In January 1956, he was elevated to the Supreme Court Bench and rose to become the Chief Justice of India in 1964. His contribution to the development of Constitutional and Industrial Law has been hailed as great and unique.

Gajendragadkar intervened and got the then Chief Justice of the [[Madras High Court]] [[S. Ramachandra Iyer]] to resign after a lawyer [[G. Vasantha Pai]] found evidence that he forged his date of birth to avoid compulsory retirement at the age of 60 as the case filed by Pai would severely damage the judiciary and he got Ramachandra Iyer to resign before the case came up for hearing this led the case to be dismissed as he had already resigned his lordship.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-openpage/the-controversy-over-age-then-and-now/article2841441.ece | title=The controversy over age... then and now | publisher=[[The Hindu]] | date=29 January 2012 | access-date=8 April 2015}}</ref><ref name=Pai_v_Iyer>{{cite court |url=http://indiankanoon.org/doc/1159245/ |litigants=G. Vasantha Pai vs Sri S. Ramachandra Iyer |vol=2 |reporter=MLJ |opinion=151 |date=1967}}</ref>

At the request of the Government of India, he headed a number of commissions such as the Central Law Commission, National Commission on Labour and the Bank Award Commission. At the request of [[Indira Gandhi]], then the Prime Minister of India, he held the honorary office of the Gandhigram Rural Institute in Southern India.

He served twice as the President of Social Reform Conference and organized campaigns for eradicating the evils of casteism, untouchability, superstition and obscurantism to promote national integration and unity.

Gajendragadkar also carried forward the [[Madhva tradition]] of [[Vedanta]] and Mimasa. He served as the General Editor of 'The Ten Classical [[Upanishads]]', a series sponsored by the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. Like his father, Gajendragadkar was also a ''Mukhasta-vidwan''.

==Education==
* Satara High School (1911 to 1918)
* [[Karnatak College, Dharwar]] (1918–1920)
* [[Deccan College (Pune)]] (1920 to 1924)
* Dakshina Fellow (1922–24)
* Bhagwandas Purshotamdas Sanskrit Scholar (1922–24)
* [[ILS Law College]] (1924–26)

==Positions held==
* Judge Bombay High Court 1945–57
* Judge, Supreme Court - 1957
* Chief Justice of India from 1 February 1964. Retired on 15 March 1966
* Honorary Vice-Chancellor of the [[University of Mumbai]] (1967)

==Books==
* Open Library P. B. Gajendragadkar <ref>[https://openlibrary.org/a/OL7301A/P.-B.-Gajendragadkar - Open Library P. B. Gajendragadkar ]</ref>

==Awards==

In 1972, Gajendragadkar was awarded the [[Padma Vibhushan]] award from the Government of India.

==References==
<references />

===Bibliography===
* {{cite book|title = A History of the Dvaita School of Vedānta and Its Literature, 3rd Edition|first = B. N. Krishnamurti| last = Sharma| publisher=Motilal Banarsidass (2008 Reprint) |isbn = 978-8120815759| year= 2000 }}

{{start box}}
{{S-legal}}
{{succession box | title=[[Chief Justice of India]] | before=[[Bhuvaneshwar Prasad Sinha]] | after=[[Amal Kumar Sarkar]] | years=31 January 1964 – 15 March 1966}}
{{end box}}

{{Chief Justices of India}}
{{Padma Vibhushan Awards}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Gajendragadkar, P. B.}}
[[Category:1901 births]]
[[Category:1981 deaths]]
[[Category:Chief Justices of India]]
[[Category:Scholars from Mumbai]]
[[Category:Marathi people]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Vibhushan in public affairs]]
[[Category:People from Gadag-Betageri]]
[[Category:People from Satara (city)]]
[[Category:Judges of the Bombay High Court]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian judges]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian lawyers]]

P. B. Gajendragadkar - Revision history

>Neils51: replaced: the the → the