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{{short description|Building in India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2014}}
{{Infobox religious building
|building_name= Our Lady of Rosary of Mangalore<br/> Mangalore Cathedral
|religious_affiliation= [[Catholic]]
|image= Rosario Cathedral.jpg
|caption=
|coordinates = {{coord|12.856113|74.836550|display=inline,title}}
| location =[[Mangalore]], [[Karnataka]], India
|rite= [[Latin Rite]]
|district=[[Dakshina Kannada]]
|country={{flag|India}}|consecration_year= 1568
|status=Active
|leadership=
|website={{url|http://www.rosariocathedral.org/}}
|architect=
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{{EngvarB|date=March 2014}}
'''Church of Our Lady of Rosary of Mangalore''' ({{lang-pt|Igreja Nossa Senhora do Rosário de Mangalore}}), or '''Rosario Cathedral''' is a [[Roman Catholicism|Roman Catholic]] cathedral in the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Mangalore]], dedicated to [[Our Lady of the Rosary]]. It was the first Roman Catholic church in the [[Kanara|Canara]] region.<ref name="Silva">{{harvnb|Silva|Fuchs|1965|p=8}}</ref> Historically, this was the only parish church in Mangalore reserved for the high-caste [[Mangalorean Catholics]].<ref>{{harvnb|Silva|Fuchs|1965|p=7}}</ref> It is the oldest church in Karnataka.

==History==
The church of Our Lady of Rosary of Mangalore was originally the church of the old Portuguese factory.<ref name="Silva"/> It was built by the [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] in 1568.<ref name="Bolar"/> Oral tradition states that the image of the [[Virgin Mary]] at the high altar was found by the fishermen at sea; when it got caught in their net.<ref name="Silva"/> It was later brought to the church and installed there.<ref name="Silva"/> The church was the main centre of devotion for the ''[[Roman Catholic Brahmin|Bamonn]]'' caste who revered the image of Our Lady of the Rosary on the high-altar.<ref name="Silva"/> It was mentioned by the Italian traveller [[Pietro Della Valle]], when he visited Mangalore in 1623.<ref name="Bolar">{{harvnb|Kamila|2004|loc=|Ref=kamila}}</ref>

The church was desecrated and destroyed by [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysorean]] ruler [[Tipu Sultan]] in 1784.<ref>{{harvnb|D'Souza|1983|loc=N. 11, p. 40}}</ref> Reconstruction of the church later began in 1813.<ref name="Bolar"/> In 1910, the structure of the old cathedral was demolished and the present cathedral erected in its place.<ref name="Bolar"/> The church of Our Lady of Rosary is the only church in the [[Roman Catholic Diocese of Mangalore|Mangalore Diocese]] which has a dome crowning the spacious sanctuary.<ref name="Bolar"/> The cross on the cathedral's dome was traditionally lit every night to serve as a beacon for seafarers.<ref name="Bolar"/> The Royal stone emblem of the Portuguese King marking their landing at Mangalore lies at the entrance of the church.<ref name="Bolar"/>

In 1851, the Church of Our Lady of Rosary, Mangalore, was declared a [[Cathedral]]. In 1910, Henry Buzzoni a Jesuit priest started further beautification of the Cathedral. The formal dedication was done in 1915 by Bishop Paul Perini of Mangalore (1910–28).<ref name=Saldanha-Shet />

==Structure==
The architect of the new cathedral was a Jesuit brother, Divo of Bombay. The structure consists of a series of matching arches, with 48 major arches, 12 central arches and 50 sub-arches. The peripheral verandah has around 45 small arches.

The dome is a replica of the [[St. Peter's Basilica]], [[Vatican City]], with heavy metal ribs, minor re-inforcements of metal, red brick & mortar water-proofed using indigenous techniques. In years gone by, the dome of the cathedral could be seen by ships approaching the Mangalore harbour, and was a beautiful sight.<ref name=Saldanha-Shet>{{cite news|last1=Saldanha-Shet|first1=I J|title=An exquisite edifice in Mangalore|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/394300/an-exquisite-edifice-mangalore.html|access-date=19 January 2015|issue=Bangalore|newspaper=Deccan Herald|date=25 March 2014}}</ref>

==Citations==
{{reflist}}

== References ==
{{Commons category}}
{{refbegin|2}}
*{{Citation
|last= D'Souza
|first= A. L. P.
|title= History of the Catholic Community of South Kanara
|year= 1983
|publisher= Desco Publishers
|postscript=}}.
*{{Citation
|last= Kamila
|first= Raviprasad
|url= http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/11/27/stories/2004112702480100.htm
|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20050119034631/http://www.hindu.com/mp/2004/11/27/stories/2004112702480100.htm
|url-status= dead
|archive-date= 19 January 2005
|title= The holy heritage
|work=[[The Hindu]]
|date=27 November 2004
|ref=kamila
|access-date=20 May 2011}}
*{{Cite journal
|last1=Silva
|first1=Severine
|last2=Fuchs
|first2=Stephan
|url=http://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/publications/afs/pdf/a173.pdf
|title=The Marriage Customs of the Christians in South Canara, India
|journal=Asian Ethnology
|year=1965
|series=2
|pages=1–52
|volume=24
|access-date=20 May 2011
|archive-url=https://www.webcitation.org/65NDFDpEg?url=http://nirc.nanzan-u.ac.jp/publications/afs/pdf/a173.pdf
|archive-date=11 February 2012
|url-status=dead
}}
{{refend}}

[[Category:Churches in Mangalore Diocese]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic cathedrals in Karnataka]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Mangalore]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic churches in Mangalore]]
[[Category:Church buildings with domes]]

Our Lady of Rosary Cathedral, Mangalore - Revision history

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