Ottu barrage - Revision history

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	[[Category:Dams in Haryana]]		[[Category:Dams in Haryana]]
	~~[[Category:History of Bikaner]]~~
	[[Category:Dams completed in 1897]]		[[Category:Dams completed in 1897]]
	[[Category:Water supply infrastructure]]		[[Category:Water supply infrastructure]]
	[[Category:Barrages in India]]		[[Category:Barrages in India]]
	[[Category:1897 establishments in India]]		[[Category:1897 establishments in India]]

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← Older revision		Revision as of 17:28, 22 January 2023
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	{{Use Indian English\|date=October 2017}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=October 2017}}
	{{Infobox dam		{{Infobox dam
	\| name = Ottu barrage		\| name = Ottu barrage
	\| name_official = Ottu barrage		\| name_official = Ottu barrage
	\| image = Ottu reservoir.jpg		\| image = Ottu reservoir.jpg
	\| image_caption = Ottu barrage and reservoir on the [[Ghaggar-Hakra River]] in [[Sirsa, Haryana\|Sirsa]], [[India]]		\| image_caption = Ottu barrage and reservoir on the [[Ghaggar-Hakra River]] in [[Sirsa, Haryana\|Sirsa]], [[Haryana]], [[India]]
	\| image_size =		\| image_size =
	\| image_alt =		\| image_alt =
			\| location_map = India#India Haryana
	\| location_map = India#India Haryana		\| location_map_size =
	\| location_map_size =
	\| location_map_caption =		\| location_map_caption =
	\| location_map_alt =		\| location_map_alt =
	\| coordinates = {{coord\|29\|29\|21\|N\|74\|54\|38\|E\|type:landmark_region:IN_source:GNS-enwiki\|display=inline,title}}		\| coordinates = {{coord\|29\|29\|21\|N\|74\|54\|38\|E\|type:landmark_region:IN_source:GNS-enwiki\|display=inline,title}}
	\| country = India		\| country = [[India]]
	\| location = [[Sirsa, Haryana\|Sirsa]]		\| location = [[Sirsa, Haryana\|Sirsa]], [[Haryana]]
	\| purpose =		\| purpose =
	\| status = O		\| status = O
			\| dam_crosses = [[Ghaggar-Hakra River\|Ghaggar Rivers]]
	\| dam_crosses = [[Ghaggar-Hakra River\|Ghaggar Rivers]]		\| spillway_count = [[Ghaggar-Hakra River\|Hakra River]]
	\| spillway_count = [[Ghaggar-Hakra River\|Hakra River]]		\| res_name = [[Water supply]] & [[Irrigation]]
	\| res_name = [[Water supply]] & [[Irrigation]]		\| dam_length =
	\| dam_length =		\| dam_height =
	\| dam_height =		\| dam_width_base =
	\| dam_width_base =		\| construction_began = 1896
	\| construction_began = 1896		\| cost =
	\| cost =		\| res_capacity_total =
	\| res_capacity_total =		\| res_catchment =
	\| res_catchment =		\| res_surface =
	\| res_surface =
	}}		}}

	The '''Ottu barrage''', sometimes spelled as the '''Otu barrage''' and also known as '''Ottu Head''', is a masonry [[weir]] on the [[Ghaggar-Hakra River]] in [[Haryana]] state of [[India]] that creates a large water reservoir out of the formerly-small Dhanur lake, located near the village of [[Ottu, Haryana\|Ottu]], which is about 8 miles from [[Sirsa, Haryana\|Sirsa]] in Haryana.<ref name="ref36hahor">{{Citation \| title=Imperial gazetteer of India \| author=Sir William Wilson Hunter, India Office \| publisher=Clarendon Press, 1908 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iUAKAQAAIAAJ \| quote=''... It was agreed between the British Government and the State of Bikaner that the Dhanur lake, about 8 miles from Sirsa, should be converted into a reservoir by the construction of a masonry weir at Otu ... two canals, the northern and southern ... constructed with famine labor in 1896-7 ... 6.3 lakhs, of which 2.8 lakhs was debited to Bikaner ...''}}</ref> It is a feeder for the two Ghaggar canals (the Northern Ghaggar canal and the Southern Ghaggar canal) that carry irrigation water to northern [[Haryana]] state.<ref name="ref36hahor"/> In 2002, a new tourist complex was inaugurated at the barrage, and it was given the honorary name of "''Chaudhary Devi Lal Weir''" to commemorate the former [[Chief Minister]] of Haryana state, [[Chaudhary Devi Lal]].<ref name="indexp2002ysf">{{Citation \| title=Tau here, Tau there, Tau everywhere \| author=Mukesh Bhardwaj \| date=7 April 2002 \| access-date=28 November 2010 \| newspaper=Indian Express \| url=http://www.indianexpress.com/oldStory/449/ \| quote=''... The prestigious Panipat Thermal Plant was named after Devi Lal, as was the new tourist complex at Ottu weir in Sirsa ...''}}</ref> The Dhanur lake reservoir is now often referred to simply as the Ottu reservoir.<ref name="jagran2010kfa">{{Citation \| title=बस साल भर बाद खेतों की प्यास बुझाएगी ओटू झील (Ottu reservoir will begin quenching the thirst of fields in only a year) \| date=27 May 2010 \| access-date=28 November 2010 \| newspaper=Dainik Jagran \| url=http://in.jagran.yahoo.com/news/local/haryana/4_6_6421654.html \| quote=''... किसानों की समस्या से निजात दिलाने में सहायक ओटू झील की याद बरबस किसानों व सिंचाई विभाग को आना लाज़िमी है। सिंचाई विभाग ने किसानों के हित को ध्यान में रखते हुए झील की खुदाई की गति तेज़ कर दी है (it is obvious that the suffering farmers and the irrigation department would look to the Ottu reservoir. Mindful of the farmers' interests, the irrigation department has accelerated the work to deepen Ottu reservoir) ...''}}</ref>		The '''Ottu barrage''', sometimes spelled as the '''Otu barrage''' and also known as '''Ottu Head''', is a masonry [[weir]] on the [[Ghaggar-Hakra River]] in [[Sirsa]], [[Haryana]] state of [[India]] that creates a large water reservoir out of the formerly-small Dhanur lake, located near the village of [[Ottu, Haryana\|Ottu]], which is about 8 miles from [[Sirsa, Haryana\|Sirsa City]] in [[Haryana\|Haryana, India]].<ref name="ref36hahor">{{Citation \| title=Imperial gazetteer of India \| author=Sir William Wilson Hunter, India Office \| year=1908 \| publisher=Clarendon Press, 1908 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iUAKAQAAIAAJ \| quote=''... It was agreed between the British Government and the State of Bikaner that the Dhanur lake, about 8 miles from Sirsa, should be converted into a reservoir by the construction of a masonry weir at Otu ... two canals, the northern and southern ... constructed with famine labor in 1896-7 ... 6.3 lakhs, of which 2.8 lakhs was debited to Bikaner ...''}}</ref> It is a feeder for the two Ghaggar canals (the Northern Ghaggar canal and the Southern Ghaggar canal) that carry irrigation water to northern [[Haryana]] state.<ref name="ref36hahor"/> In 2002, a new tourist complex was inaugurated at the barrage, and it was given the honorary name of "''Chaudhary Devi Lal Weir''" to commemorate the former [[Chief Minister]] of [[Haryana\|Haryana state]], [[Chaudhary Devi Lal]].<ref name="indexp2002ysf">{{Citation \| title=Tau here, Tau there, Tau everywhere \| author=Mukesh Bhardwaj \| date=7 April 2002 \| access-date=28 November 2010 \| newspaper=Indian Express \| url=http://www.indianexpress.com/oldStory/449/ \| quote=''... The prestigious Panipat Thermal Plant was named after Devi Lal, as was the new tourist complex at Ottu weir in Sirsa ...''}}</ref> The Dhanur lake reservoir is now often referred to simply as the Ottu reservoir.<ref name="jagran2010kfa">{{Citation \| title=बस साल भर बाद खेतों की प्यास बुझाएगी ओटू झील (Ottu reservoir will begin quenching the thirst of fields in only a year) \| date=27 May 2010 \| access-date=28 November 2010 \| newspaper=Dainik Jagran \| url=http://in.jagran.yahoo.com/news/local/haryana/4_6_6421654.html \| quote=''... किसानों की समस्या से निजात दिलाने में सहायक ओटू झील की याद बरबस किसानों व सिंचाई विभाग को आना लाज़िमी है। सिंचाई विभाग ने किसानों के हित को ध्यान में रखते हुए झील की खुदाई की गति तेज़ कर दी है (it is obvious that the suffering farmers and the irrigation department would look to the Ottu reservoir. Mindful of the farmers' interests, the irrigation department has accelerated the work to deepen Ottu reservoir) ...''}}</ref>

	==Construction==		==Construction==
	The Ottu barrage was constructed in 1896-97 using low-cost labor that was available due to a famine in the region at that time.<ref name="ref36hahor"/> Prior to the construction of the barrage and its associated reservoir and canals, agriculture in the [[History of Bikaner\|then princely state]] of [[Bikaner]] had come under pressure from fluctuating water-supply in the monsoon season caused by diversions in the Ghaggar by riparian farmers further upstream.<ref name="ref46jicup">{{Citation \| title=An archaeological tour along the Ghaggar-Hakra River \|author1=Aurel Stein \|author2=Amalananda Ghosh \|author3=Swarajya Prakash Gupta \| publisher=Kusumanjali Prakashan, 1989 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZmtuAAAAMAAJ \| quote=''... general opinion repeatedly expressed to me in the Hanumangarh area alleges that the volume of water available for cultivation both from the Nali and the Ghaggar canals has considerably diminished ... increased diversion of flood water from the upper course of the Ghaggar ... ... complaints repeatedly raised by the Bikanir Durbar ... led to the construction in 1897 of the Otu barrage and the Ghaggar canals ...''}}</ref> The barrage and canals cost 6.3 [[lakh]] [[rupees]] to construct, 2.8 lakhs of which was paid by the princely state of Bikaner and the remainder by the [[British raj\|British-run Government of India]].<ref name="ref46jicup"/>		The Ottu barrage was constructed in 1896-97 using low-cost labor that was available due to a famine in the region at that time.<ref name="ref36hahor"/> Prior to the construction of the barrage and its associated reservoir and canals, agriculture in the [[History of Bikaner\|then princely state]] of [[Bikaner]] had come under pressure from fluctuating water-supply in the monsoon season caused by diversions in the Ghaggar by riparian farmers further upstream.<ref name="ref46jicup">{{Citation \| title=An archaeological tour along the Ghaggar-Hakra River \|author1=Aurel Stein \|author2=Amalananda Ghosh \|author3=Swarajya Prakash Gupta \|year=1989 \| publisher=Kusumanjali Prakashan, 1989 \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZmtuAAAAMAAJ \| quote=''... general opinion repeatedly expressed to me in the Hanumangarh area alleges that the volume of water available for cultivation both from the Nali and the Ghaggar canals has considerably diminished ... increased diversion of flood water from the upper course of the Ghaggar ... ... complaints repeatedly raised by the Bikanir Durbar ... led to the construction in 1897 of the Otu barrage and the Ghaggar canals ...''}}</ref> The barrage and canals cost 6.3 [[lakh]] [[rupees]] to construct, 2.8 lakhs of which was paid by the princely state of Bikaner and the remainder by the [[British raj\|British-run Government of India]].<ref name="ref46jicup"/>

	==Historical confusion with Talwara lake==		==Historical confusion with Talwara lake==
	It was once assumed by some historians that Ottu lake was the site where [[Timur]] had encamped after overpowering Bhatnair fort in [[Hanumangarh]] (Rajasthan) during his invasion of India in 1398-99 CE. However, it is now known that the actual site of his camp, which he described as being ''Kinar-e-Hauz'' (i.e. on the banks of a tank or lake), was at the banks of [[Talwara Lake]], which is further 40 km downstream in [[Hanumangarh district]] between [[Ellenabad]] and [[Hanumangarh]] town.<ref name="ref49momog">{{Citation \| title=History of Sirsa Town \| publisher=Atlantic Publishers &~~amp;~~ Distri \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G0Z457ZOR44C \| quote=''... Amir Timur, the king of Samarkand, launched a fierce attack ... overpowered the fort Bhatnair ... first halt was at a place called Kinar-e-Hauz (bank of a tank or lake) which is now known as Talwara Lake on the way between Bhatnair and Firozabad and chakrahiyan . The assumption of some persons that Timur had relaxed on the bank of Ottu lake is not logical ...''}}</ref>		It was once assumed by some historians that Ottu lake was the site where [[Timur]] had encamped after overpowering Bhatnair fort in [[Hanumangarh]] (Rajasthan) during his invasion of India in 1398-99 CE. However, it is now known that the actual site of his camp, which he described as being ''Kinar-e-Hauz'' (i.e. on the banks of a tank or lake), was at the banks of [[Talwara Lake]], which is further 40 km downstream in [[Hanumangarh district]] between [[Ellenabad]] and [[Hanumangarh]] town.<ref name="ref49momog">{{Citation \| title=History of Sirsa Town \| year=1991 \| publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distri \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G0Z457ZOR44C \| quote=''... Amir Timur, the king of Samarkand, launched a fierce attack ... overpowered the fort Bhatnair ... first halt was at a place called Kinar-e-Hauz (bank of a tank or lake) which is now known as Talwara Lake on the way between Bhatnair and Firozabad and chakrahiyan . The assumption of some persons that Timur had relaxed on the bank of Ottu lake is not logical ...''}}</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==

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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2017}}
{{Infobox dam
| name = Ottu barrage
| name_official = Ottu barrage
| image = Ottu reservoir.jpg
| image_caption = Ottu barrage and reservoir on the [[Ghaggar-Hakra River]] in [[Sirsa, Haryana|Sirsa]], [[India]]
| image_size =
| image_alt =

| location_map = India#India Haryana
| location_map_size =
| location_map_caption =
| location_map_alt =
| coordinates = {{coord|29|29|21|N|74|54|38|E|type:landmark_region:IN_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| country = India
| location = [[Sirsa, Haryana|Sirsa]]
| purpose =
| status = O

| dam_crosses = [[Ghaggar-Hakra River|Ghaggar Rivers]]
| spillway_count = [[Ghaggar-Hakra River|Hakra River]]
| res_name = [[Water supply]] & [[Irrigation]]
| dam_length =
| dam_height =
| dam_width_base =
| construction_began = 1896
| cost =
| res_capacity_total =
| res_catchment =
| res_surface =
}}

The '''Ottu barrage''', sometimes spelled as the '''Otu barrage''' and also known as '''Ottu Head''', is a masonry [[weir]] on the [[Ghaggar-Hakra River]] in [[Haryana]] state of [[India]] that creates a large water reservoir out of the formerly-small Dhanur lake, located near the village of [[Ottu, Haryana|Ottu]], which is about 8 miles from [[Sirsa, Haryana|Sirsa]] in Haryana.<ref name="ref36hahor">{{Citation | title=Imperial gazetteer of India | author=Sir William Wilson Hunter, India Office | publisher=Clarendon Press, 1908 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iUAKAQAAIAAJ | quote=''... It was agreed between the British Government and the State of Bikaner that the Dhanur lake, about 8 miles from Sirsa, should be converted into a reservoir by the construction of a masonry weir at Otu ... two canals, the northern and southern ... constructed with famine labor in 1896-7 ... 6.3 lakhs, of which 2.8 lakhs was debited to Bikaner ...''}}</ref> It is a feeder for the two Ghaggar canals (the Northern Ghaggar canal and the Southern Ghaggar canal) that carry irrigation water to northern [[Haryana]] state.<ref name="ref36hahor"/> In 2002, a new tourist complex was inaugurated at the barrage, and it was given the honorary name of "''Chaudhary Devi Lal Weir''" to commemorate the former [[Chief Minister]] of Haryana state, [[Chaudhary Devi Lal]].<ref name="indexp2002ysf">{{Citation | title=Tau here, Tau there, Tau everywhere | author=Mukesh Bhardwaj | date=7 April 2002 | access-date=28 November 2010 | newspaper=Indian Express | url=http://www.indianexpress.com/oldStory/449/ | quote=''... The prestigious Panipat Thermal Plant was named after Devi Lal, as was the new tourist complex at Ottu weir in Sirsa ...''}}</ref> The Dhanur lake reservoir is now often referred to simply as the Ottu reservoir.<ref name="jagran2010kfa">{{Citation | title=बस साल भर बाद खेतों की प्यास बुझाएगी ओटू झील (Ottu reservoir will begin quenching the thirst of fields in only a year) | date=27 May 2010 | access-date=28 November 2010 | newspaper=Dainik Jagran | url=http://in.jagran.yahoo.com/news/local/haryana/4_6_6421654.html | quote=''... किसानों की समस्या से निजात दिलाने में सहायक ओटू झील की याद बरबस किसानों व सिंचाई विभाग को आना लाज़िमी है। सिंचाई विभाग ने किसानों के हित को ध्यान में रखते हुए झील की खुदाई की गति तेज़ कर दी है (it is obvious that the suffering farmers and the irrigation department would look to the Ottu reservoir. Mindful of the farmers' interests, the irrigation department has accelerated the work to deepen Ottu reservoir) ...''}}</ref>

==Construction==
The Ottu barrage was constructed in 1896-97 using low-cost labor that was available due to a famine in the region at that time.<ref name="ref36hahor"/> Prior to the construction of the barrage and its associated reservoir and canals, agriculture in the [[History of Bikaner|then princely state]] of [[Bikaner]] had come under pressure from fluctuating water-supply in the monsoon season caused by diversions in the Ghaggar by riparian farmers further upstream.<ref name="ref46jicup">{{Citation | title=An archaeological tour along the Ghaggar-Hakra River |author1=Aurel Stein |author2=Amalananda Ghosh |author3=Swarajya Prakash Gupta | publisher=Kusumanjali Prakashan, 1989 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZmtuAAAAMAAJ | quote=''... general opinion repeatedly expressed to me in the Hanumangarh area alleges that the volume of water available for cultivation both from the Nali and the Ghaggar canals has considerably diminished ... increased diversion of flood water from the upper course of the Ghaggar ... ... complaints repeatedly raised by the Bikanir Durbar ... led to the construction in 1897 of the Otu barrage and the Ghaggar canals ...''}}</ref> The barrage and canals cost 6.3 [[lakh]] [[rupees]] to construct, 2.8 lakhs of which was paid by the princely state of Bikaner and the remainder by the [[British raj|British-run Government of India]].<ref name="ref46jicup"/>

==Historical confusion with Talwara lake==
It was once assumed by some historians that Ottu lake was the site where [[Timur]] had encamped after overpowering Bhatnair fort in [[Hanumangarh]] (Rajasthan) during his invasion of India in 1398-99 CE. However, it is now known that the actual site of his camp, which he described as being ''Kinar-e-Hauz'' (i.e. on the banks of a tank or lake), was at the banks of [[Talwara Lake]], which is further 40 km downstream in [[Hanumangarh district]] between [[Ellenabad]] and [[Hanumangarh]] town.<ref name="ref49momog">{{Citation | title=History of Sirsa Town | publisher=Atlantic Publishers & Distri | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=G0Z457ZOR44C | quote=''... Amir Timur, the king of Samarkand, launched a fierce attack ... overpowered the fort Bhatnair ... first halt was at a place called Kinar-e-Hauz (bank of a tank or lake) which is now known as Talwara Lake on the way between Bhatnair and Firozabad and chakrahiyan . The assumption of some persons that Timur had relaxed on the bank of Ottu lake is not logical ...''}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Ghaggar-Hakra River]]
*[[History of Bikaner]]
*[[Talwara Lake]]
*[[List of lakes in India]]
* [[List of dams and reservoirs in India#Haryana|List of dams and reservoirs in Haryana]]

==References==
{{reflist|33em}}

{{Hydrography of Haryana}}

[[Category:Dams in Haryana]]
[[Category:History of Bikaner]]
[[Category:Dams completed in 1897]]
[[Category:Water supply infrastructure]]
[[Category:Barrages in India]]
[[Category:1897 establishments in India]]