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Khan786: Created page with "{{more footnotes|date=June 2015}} {{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Operation Golden Bird | image = | caption = | date = April – May 1995 | place = around I..."

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Created page with "{{more footnotes|date=June 2015}} {{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Operation Golden Bird | image = | caption = | date = April – May 1995 | place = around I..."

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{{more footnotes|date=June 2015}}

{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Operation Golden Bird
| image =
| caption =
| date = April – May 1995
| place = around [[Indo-Burma barrier|Indo-Burma border]]
| result = 38 rebels were killed, 118 captured
| combatant1 =
| combatant2 =
}}

'''Operation Golden Bird''' was an [[India]]n-[[Myanmar]] military operation which occurred in April–May 1995.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1140719/jsp/opinion/story_18628341.jsp#.VXcYi4uUdyw|title=ARMS AND THE MEN}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/news/column/china-has-lost-the-jade-kingdom-india-must-not/20120527.htm|title=China has lost the 'Jade kingdom', India must not|date=27 May 2012|work=Rediff}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thequint.com/2015/jun/11/before-myanmar-there-were-these-five-great-indian-military-ops#.VXphZxxenxM.twitter|title=Before Myanmar, There Were These Five Great Indian Military Ops}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/india-seeks-release-of-suu-kyi/article1923867.ece|title=India seeks release of Suu Kyi|work=The Hindu}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2007/mar/23/20070323-103215-4113r/?page=all|title=India seen arming Burma to counter Chinese|work=The Washington Times}}</ref> The operation was initiated by the [[III Corps (India)|57th Mountain Division]] of the [[Indian Army]], which tracked down and decapitated a rebel column that had picked up a huge consignment of weapons at the Wyakaung beach (on the Myanmar-Bangladesh coast south of Chittagong and [[Cox's Bazar]], [[Bangladesh]]),<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h9KGAwAAQBAJ&q=Wyakaung+beach&pg=PA185|title=Troubled Periphery: The Crisis of India's North East By Subir Bhaumik|isbn=9788132104797|last1=Bhaumik|first1=Subir|date=10 December 2009}}</ref> and was moving that through the jungles of [[Mizoram]], [[Northeast India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1130919/jsp/opinion/story_17355073.jsp#.VXcl5YuUdyw|title=Slipping Through Gaps in the Dragnet}}</ref> The consignment was to be delivered in [[Manipur]], [[India]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.icwa.in/pdfs/IBindiamyanmar.pdf|title=India and Myanmar: Choices for Military Cooperation}}</ref> The operation was named after a [[Grimms' Fairy Tales|Grimm Brothers fairytale]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/cross-border-operations-how-mea-helped-set-stage-for-strike/|title=Cross-border Operations: How MEA helped set stage for strike}}</ref> Operation Golden Bird was a joint India-Myanmar military operation carried out along the [[Mizoram]] border that led to the elimination of dozens of terrorists.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2101/stories/20040116005101500.htm|title=The view from New Delhi-Praveen Swami}}</ref> It was one of the successful [[counter-insurgency]] operations of Indian Army.<ref>{{cite web|title=Manipur ambush: Why Army saw the worst attack in 20 years|url=http://www.dailyo.in/politics/manipur-attack-nscn-k-meitei-northeast-india-act-east-myanmar-isi-ulfa-afspa/story/1/4196.html}}</ref> The counterpoint to Golden Bird was [[Purulia arms drop case]].

==Background==
[[File:Cox's Bazar.GIF|right|thumb|200px|Location of Cox's Bazar in Bangladesh]]
The weapons were purchased in [[Thailand]] and were brought by sea to Bangladesh. Then these weapons were smuggled back to Northeast India by groups of rebel guerrillas marching back. Wyakaung beach located south of Bangladesh’s coastal town of [[Cox's Bazar]] was the favourite landing spot for these weapons, but at least six other points in the Cox’s Bazaar district were used. The guerrillas of the National Socialist Council of Nagaland, the Manipuri groups, the [[United Liberation Front of Assam]] and the [[National Democratic Front of Boroland]] would then pick these and carry them back through one of three routes: (a) the Chittagong Hill Tracts-south Mizoram-east Manipur route, skirting the border with Burma; (b) the Chittagong Hill Tracts-tripura-west Mizoram-west Manipur route and (c) the Chittagong-Sylhet-Meghalaya-Assam route. In the last several years, Sylhet-Meghalaya has been used more frequently by the rebels. The [[Directorate General of Forces Intelligence]] has helped the Northeast Indian rebel groups to safely land these weapons and only on a few occasions have weapons meant for these rebel groups been intercepted by the Bangladesh police, who were misled into believing that the weapons were intended for criminals in that country. With Bangladesh emerging as the gateway to Northeast India for weapons brought in from Thailand, the rebels in Tripura were best located to carry them back. Both the National Liberation Front of Tripura and the All-Tripura Tiger Force have secured weapons from the [[National Socialist Council of Nagaland]]. The National Democratic Front of Boroland and the United Liberation Front of Assam helped them cache the weapons at their bases in the Chittagong Hill tracts before they were carried to their respective base areas in Northeast India.{{cn|date=July 2020}}

==The operation==
[[File:Chittagong Hill Tracts locator map.svg|right|thumb|150px|Location of [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]] in Bangladesh]]
Operation Golden Bird was initiated to intercept a column of north-eastern rebels —Naga, Manipuri and Assamese — making its way through the jungles of southern Mizoram after picking up a consignment of weapons that had landed at Wyakaung beach, on the Myanmar-Bangladesh coast.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2014-02-06/news/47089653_1_weapons-rebels-operation-golden-bird|title=2004 Chittagong arms haul case exposes many terror links}}</ref> The operation was aimed at flushing out the United Liberation Front of Assam, the [[National Socialist Council of Nagaland]] and Manipuri fighters in camps along the border. Bangladesh military intelligence service [[Directorate General of Forces Intelligence]] had helped carry the consignment in trucks to a hill base in the [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]], from where the rebels had picked them up. National Unity Party of Arakan guerrillas followed the whole operation, providing details to Indian military intelligence, on the basis of which India’s eastern army command initiated Operation Golden Bird. The rebel column was twice intercepted by Indian troops. It was a 45-day operation, but the operation ended abruptly as Rangoon
ordered its army to pull out of the operation in the middle of operation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/news-ians/myanmar-key-to-curbing-northeast-border-insurgency-115060700257_1.html|title=Myanmar key to curbing northeast border insurgency}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.idea.int/asia_pacific/myanmar/upload/chap4.pdf|title=4. India–Burma relations}}</ref> The Myanmar army played its part by sealing its side of the border until the awarding of the [[Jawaharlal Nehru Award]] to [[Aung San Suu Kyi]] upset them and the survivors of the trapped rebel column managed to escape into the wilds of Myanmar’s [[Chin Hills]] through gaps in the dragnet caused by the Myanmar Armed Forces’s ([[Tatmadaw]]) withdrawal.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/army-crossed-border-to-target-militants-in-the-past-too/99/|title=Myanmar strike: This is not the first time India has conducted cross-border operations}}</ref>

==Casualties==
38 rebels were killed, and 118 captured and more than 100 weapons were seized with large quantities of ammunition.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/NSA-skipped-Dhaka-trip-to-plan-Myanmar-Op/articleshow/47606793.cms|title=NSA skipped Dhaka trip to plan Myanmar Op}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://archive.tehelka.com/story_main48.asp?filename=Ws241210Foreign_Affairs.asp|title=Tehelka - India's Independent Weekly News Magazine|work=tehelka.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2009/20091115/edit.htm#2|title=The Tribune, Chandigarh, India - Opinions|work=tribuneindia.com}}</ref> The captured rebels blew the lid on the weapons trail and India pressured Bangladesh during [[Khaleda Zia]]'s first government(1991-1996) to block it. The [[Myanmar Army|Burmese army]] had taken some casualties in this operation.

==Aftermath==
[[Purulia arms drop case]] followed after this operation on 17 December 1995.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Purulia-Expose-Indias-best-kept-secret/articleshow/8106795.cms|title=Purulia Expose: India's best kept secret}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Purulia arms drop case resurfaces with new set of revelations|url=http://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-purulia-arms-drop-case-resurfaces-with-new-set-of-revelations-1993644}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Chin Hills]]
* [[Indo-Burma barrier]]
* [[Purulia arms drop case]]
* [[Chittagong Hill Tracts]]
* [[Cox's Bazar]]
* [[Insurgency in Northeast India]]
* [[Arakan Mountains]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Operations involving Indian special forces]]
[[Category:Counterinsurgency]]

Operation Golden Bird - Revision history

PrinceRey4: cleanup

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Khan786: Created page with "{{more footnotes|date=June 2015}} {{Infobox military conflict | conflict = Operation Golden Bird | image = | caption = | date = April – May 1995 | place = around I..."