Operation Flowers are Blooming - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 01:46, 31 August 2022
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January ~~2022~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2020}}
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	'''Operation Flowers are Blooming''' was the name of an operation by the [[Indian Navy]] to help avert a threatened coup against the government of President [[France-Albert René]] in the [[Seychelles]] in 1986.<ref>{{cite web\|authors=David Brewster and Ranjit Rai\|title=Flowers Are Blooming: the story of the India Navy's secret operation in the Seychelles.\|url=https://www.academia.edu/7698363\|access-date=10 August ~~2022~~}}</ref>		'''Operation Flowers are Blooming''' was the name of an operation by the [[Indian Navy]] to help avert a threatened coup against the government of President [[France-Albert René]] in the [[Seychelles]] in 1986.<ref>{{cite web\|authors=David Brewster and Ranjit Rai\|title=Flowers Are Blooming: the story of the India Navy's secret operation in the Seychelles.\|url=https://www.academia.edu/7698363\|access-date=10 August 2014}}</ref>

	During the 1980s there were several coup attempts against René. In 1981, the [[South Africa]]n security services famously organised an attempted coup against René by a group of 44 white [[mercenaries]] led by Colonel "Mad" [[Mike Hoare]]. Other coups were also planned by elements in René’s regime, among Seychellois exiles in [[Great Britain\|Britain]], [[South Africa]] and [[Australia]] and by anti-communists in [[Pretoria]] and [[Washington, D.C.\|Washington]]. President René turned to India as a security provider, seeking a commitment from Indian Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] to intervene against any coups, but Gandhi declined to give a public commitment to intervene.		During the 1980s there were several coup attempts against René. In 1981, the [[South Africa]]n security services famously organised an attempted coup against René by a group of 44 white [[mercenaries]] led by Colonel "Mad" [[Mike Hoare]]. Other coups were also planned by elements in René’s regime, among Seychellois exiles in [[Great Britain\|Britain]], [[South Africa]] and [[Australia]] and by anti-communists in [[Pretoria]] and [[Washington, D.C.\|Washington]]. President René turned to India as a security provider, seeking a commitment from Indian Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] to intervene against any coups, but Gandhi declined to give a public commitment to intervene.

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← Older revision		Revision as of 01:46, 31 August 2022
Line 1:		Line 1:
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January ~~2020~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2022}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=January ~~2020~~}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2022}}
	'''Operation Flowers are Blooming''' was the name of an operation by the [[Indian Navy]] to help avert a threatened coup against the government of President [[France-Albert René]] in the [[Seychelles]] in 1986.<ref>{{cite web~~\|author=~~\|authors=David Brewster and Ranjit Rai\|title=Flowers Are Blooming: the story of the India Navy's secret operation in the Seychelles.\|url=https://www.academia.edu/7698363\|access-date=10 August ~~2014~~}}</ref>		'''Operation Flowers are Blooming''' was the name of an operation by the [[Indian Navy]] to help avert a threatened coup against the government of President [[France-Albert René]] in the [[Seychelles]] in 1986.<ref>{{cite web\|authors=David Brewster and Ranjit Rai\|title=Flowers Are Blooming: the story of the India Navy's secret operation in the Seychelles.\|url=https://www.academia.edu/7698363\|access-date=10 August 2022}}</ref>

	During the 1980s there were several coup attempts against René. In 1981, the [[South Africa]]n security services famously organised an attempted coup against René by a group of 44 white [[mercenaries]] led by Colonel "Mad" [[Mike Hoare]]. Other coups were also planned by elements in René’s regime, among Seychellois exiles in [[Great Britain\|Britain]], [[South Africa]] and [[Australia]] and by anti-communists in [[Pretoria]] and [[Washington, D.C.\|Washington]]. President René turned to India as a security provider, seeking a commitment from Indian Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] to intervene against any coups, but Gandhi declined to give a public commitment to intervene.		During the 1980s there were several coup attempts against René. In 1981, the [[South Africa]]n security services famously organised an attempted coup against René by a group of 44 white [[mercenaries]] led by Colonel "Mad" [[Mike Hoare]]. Other coups were also planned by elements in René’s regime, among Seychellois exiles in [[Great Britain\|Britain]], [[South Africa]] and [[Australia]] and by anti-communists in [[Pretoria]] and [[Washington, D.C.\|Washington]]. President René turned to India as a security provider, seeking a commitment from Indian Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] to intervene against any coups, but Gandhi declined to give a public commitment to intervene.

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2022-02-05T14:06:27Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 19:36, 5 February 2022
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2020}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=January 2020}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2020}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=January 2020}}
	'''Operation Flowers are Blooming''' was the name of an operation by the [[Indian Navy]] to help avert a threatened coup against the government of President [[France-Albert René]] in the [[Seychelles]] in 1986.<ref>{{cite web\|author=David Brewster and Ranjit Rai~~\|url=https://www.academia.edu/7698363~~\|title=Flowers Are Blooming: the story of the India Navy's secret operation in the Seychelles. ~~Retrieved~~ 10 August 2014}}</ref>		'''Operation Flowers are Blooming''' was the name of an operation by the [[Indian Navy]] to help avert a threatened coup against the government of President [[France-Albert René]] in the [[Seychelles]] in 1986.<ref>{{cite web\|author=\|authors=David Brewster and Ranjit Rai\|title=Flowers Are Blooming: the story of the India Navy's secret operation in the Seychelles.\|url=https://www.academia.edu/7698363\|access-date=10 August 2014}}</ref>

	During the 1980s there were several coup attempts against René. In 1981, the [[South Africa]]n security services famously organised an attempted coup against René by a group of 44 white [[mercenaries]] led by Colonel "Mad" [[Mike Hoare]]. Other coups were also planned by elements in René’s regime, among Seychellois exiles in [[Great Britain\|Britain]], [[South Africa]] and [[Australia]] and by anti-communists in [[Pretoria]] and [[Washington, D.C.\|Washington]]. President René turned to India as a security provider, seeking a commitment from Indian Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] to intervene against any coups, but Gandhi declined to give a public commitment to intervene.		During the 1980s there were several coup attempts against René. In 1981, the [[South Africa]]n security services famously organised an attempted coup against René by a group of 44 white [[mercenaries]] led by Colonel "Mad" [[Mike Hoare]]. Other coups were also planned by elements in René’s regime, among Seychellois exiles in [[Great Britain\|Britain]], [[South Africa]] and [[Australia]] and by anti-communists in [[Pretoria]] and [[Washington, D.C.\|Washington]]. President René turned to India as a security provider, seeking a commitment from Indian Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] to intervene against any coups, but Gandhi declined to give a public commitment to intervene.

	In 1986, there was a series of coup attempts against President René led by the Seychelles Minister of Defence, [[Ogilvy Berlouis]]. This included a plot in June 1986, codenamed Operation Distant Lash, which involved some 30 mercenaries and 350 Seychellois.<ref>{{citation\|author= David Hebditch and Ken Connor \|title= How to Stage a Military Coup: From Planning to Execution (London: Greenhill, 2005), p.155.}}</ref>		In 1986, there was a series of coup attempts against President René led by the Seychelles Minister of Defence, [[Ogilvy Berlouis]]. This included a plot in June 1986, codenamed Operation Distant Lash, which involved some 30 mercenaries and 350 Seychellois.<ref>{{citation\|author= David Hebditch and Ken Connor \|title= How to Stage a Military Coup: From Planning to Execution (London: Greenhill, 2005), p.155.}}</ref>

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2021-04-25T00:09:57Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
'''Operation Flowers are Blooming''' was the name of an operation by the [[Indian Navy]] to help avert a threatened coup against the government of President [[France-Albert René]] in the [[Seychelles]] in 1986.<ref>{{cite web|author=David Brewster and Ranjit Rai|url=https://www.academia.edu/7698363|title=Flowers Are Blooming: the story of the India Navy's secret operation in the Seychelles. Retrieved 10 August 2014}}</ref>

During the 1980s there were several coup attempts against René. In 1981, the [[South Africa]]n security services famously organised an attempted coup against René by a group of 44 white [[mercenaries]] led by Colonel "Mad" [[Mike Hoare]]. Other coups were also planned by elements in René’s regime, among Seychellois exiles in [[Great Britain|Britain]], [[South Africa]] and [[Australia]] and by anti-communists in [[Pretoria]] and [[Washington, D.C.|Washington]]. President René turned to India as a security provider, seeking a commitment from Indian Prime Minister [[Indira Gandhi]] to intervene against any coups, but Gandhi declined to give a public commitment to intervene.

In 1986, there was a series of coup attempts against President René led by the Seychelles Minister of Defence, [[Ogilvy Berlouis]]. This included a plot in June 1986, codenamed Operation Distant Lash, which involved some 30 mercenaries and 350 Seychellois.<ref>{{citation|author= David Hebditch and Ken Connor |title= How to Stage a Military Coup: From Planning to Execution (London: Greenhill, 2005), p.155.}}</ref>

When [[New Delhi]] was informed of an impending coup by intelligence sources, Prime Minister [[Rajiv Gandhi]] personally contacted the Indian Chief of Naval Staff, Admiral [[Radhakrishna Hariram Tahiliani]], with a verbal request to provide assistance to René. Coincidentally, the Indian Navy had already dispatched the frigate [[INS Vindhyagiri (F42)]] on a scheduled visit to the Seychelles. It was decided that on arrival ''Vindhyagiri'' would report an engineering defect requiring an extended stay in [[Victoria, Seychelles|Port Victoria]]. A senior Indian naval officer was then sent to the Seychelles on a commercial airline to command the operation and an "engineering" team of 20 sailors trained in weapons was readied for dispatch to Port Victoria. The extended presence of the ''Vindhyagiri'' in Port Victoria averted the planned coup.

Two months later, Berlouis made another attempt to unseat President René which India again helped to quash. The plot was uncovered in late August 1986 while President René was attending a meeting of the [[Non-Aligned Movement]] in [[Harare]] with Rajiv Gandhi and other leaders of non-aligned states.<ref>{{citation|title= Seychelles: The Game of Nations" Africa Confidential, Vol.28, No.22, 4 November 1987.}}</ref> Gandhi lent René his own plane, called [[Air India One]], to return to the Seychelles early. According to one report on 6 September, René, disguised as an Indian woman wearing a [[sari]], was met at the airport by the Indian High Commissioner and taken to the Commissioner's residence.<ref>{{citation|author= Donald Taylor |title= Launching out into the deep: the Anglican Church in the history of the Seychelles to 2000 AD (Victoria: Board of Church Commissioners, 2005), p.648.}}</ref> Berlouis and other plotters were then tracked to the island of [[Praslin]]. Berlouis and four other army officers were forced to resign and Berlouis left for London.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Flowers are Blooming, Operation}}
[[Category:1986 in Seychelles]]
[[Category:Government of Seychelles]]
[[Category:Indian Navy]]
[[Category:Military operations involving India]]
[[Category:Operations involving Indian special forces]]