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← Older revision		Revision as of 18:16, 14 August 2023
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	==See also==		==See also==
	~~{{Portal\|Asia}}~~
	* [[:Category:Old Persian language]]		* [[:Category:Old Persian language]]
	*[[Middle Persian]]		*[[Middle Persian]]

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← Older revision		Revision as of 11:29, 11 June 2022
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	Old Persian appears primarily in the inscriptions, [[clay tablet]]s and [[seal (device)\|seal]]s of the [[Achaemenid dynasty\|Achaemenid]] era (c. 600 BCE to 300 BCE). Examples of Old Persian have been found in what is now [[Iran]], [[Romania]] ([[Gherla]]),{{sfn\|Kuhrt\|2013\|page=197}}{{sfn\|Frye\|1984\|page=103}}{{sfn\|Schmitt\|2000\|page=53}} [[Armenia]], [[Bahrain]], [[Iraq]], [[Turkey]] and [[Egypt]],<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.avesta.org/op/op.htm \|title=Old Persian Texts \|work=Avesta – Zoroastrian Archives}}</ref><ref>Kent, R. G. (1950) "Old Persian: Grammar Texts Lexicon", p. 6. American Oriental Society.</ref> with the most important attestation by far being the contents of the [[Behistun Inscription]] (dated to 525 BCE).		Old Persian appears primarily in the inscriptions, [[clay tablet]]s and [[seal (device)\|seal]]s of the [[Achaemenid dynasty\|Achaemenid]] era (c. 600 BCE to 300 BCE). Examples of Old Persian have been found in what is now [[Iran]], [[Romania]] ([[Gherla]]),{{sfn\|Kuhrt\|2013\|page=197}}{{sfn\|Frye\|1984\|page=103}}{{sfn\|Schmitt\|2000\|page=53}} [[Armenia]], [[Bahrain]], [[Iraq]], [[Turkey]] and [[Egypt]],<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.avesta.org/op/op.htm \|title=Old Persian Texts \|work=Avesta – Zoroastrian Archives}}</ref><ref>Kent, R. G. (1950) "Old Persian: Grammar Texts Lexicon", p. 6. American Oriental Society.</ref> with the most important attestation by far being the contents of the [[Behistun Inscription]] (dated to 525 BCE).

	Recent research (2007) into the vast [[Persepolis Fortification Archive]] at the Oriental Institute at the [[University of Chicago]] unearthed Old Persian tablets, which suggest Old Persian was a written language in use for practical recording and not only for royal display.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Everyday text shows that Old Persian was probably more commonly used than previously thought \|date=June 15, 2007 \|publisher=University of Chicago News Office \|~~access~~-~~date=September 11, 2010~~ \|url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml}}</ref>		Recent research (2007) into the vast [[Persepolis Fortification Archive]] at the Oriental Institute at the [[University of Chicago]] unearthed Old Persian tablets, which suggest Old Persian was a written language in use for practical recording and not only for royal display.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Everyday text shows that Old Persian was probably more commonly used than previously thought \|date=June 15, 2007 \|publisher=University of Chicago News Office (archived) \|url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016070202/http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml \|archive-date=2017-10-16 }}</ref>

	==Origin and overview==		==Origin and overview==
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	\| *Hr̥táh \|\| [[asha\|arta]] \|\| ard \|\| ord ارد \|\| order, truth		\| *Hr̥táh \|\| [[asha\|arta]] \|\| ard \|\| ord ارد \|\| order, truth
	\|-		\|-
	\| *dráwgah \|\| [[~~druj~~\|druj (𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥)]] \|\| drugh \|\| dorugh دروغ \|\| lie		\| *dráwgah \|\| [[Asha\|druj (𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥)]] \|\| drugh \|\| dorugh دروغ \|\| lie
	\|-		\|-
	\| *cwáHdaH \|\| spada \|\| spah 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭧 \|\| sepah سپاه \|\| army		\| *cwáHdaH \|\| spada \|\| spah 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭧 \|\| sepah سپاه \|\| army
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	* {{Citation\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T7JFAQAAIAAJ\|title=The Behistan inscription of King Darius: translation and critical notes to the Persian text with special reference to recent re-examinations of the rock \|author=Darius I (King of Persia)\|editor=Herbert Cushing Tolman\|year=1908\|publisher=Vanderbilt university\|series=Volume 1, Issue 1 of Vanderbilt University studies\|access-date=2011-07-06}}		* {{Citation\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T7JFAQAAIAAJ\|title=The Behistan inscription of King Darius: translation and critical notes to the Persian text with special reference to recent re-examinations of the rock \|author=Darius I (King of Persia)\|editor=Herbert Cushing Tolman\|year=1908\|publisher=Vanderbilt university\|series=Volume 1, Issue 1 of Vanderbilt University studies\|access-date=2011-07-06}}
	<!-- -->		<!-- -->
	* {{cite web \|~~last~~=Harvey\|~~first~~=Scott L.\|last2=Slocum\|first2=Jonathan \|title=Series Introduction \|work=Old Iranian Online\|publisher=The University of Texas at Austin Linguistics Research Center \|url=https://lrc.la.utexas.edu/eieol/aveol}}		* {{cite web \|last1=Harvey\|first1=Scott L.\|last2=Slocum\|first2=Jonathan \|title=Series Introduction \|work=Old Iranian Online\|publisher=The University of Texas at Austin Linguistics Research Center \|url=https://lrc.la.utexas.edu/eieol/aveol}}
	* {{citation\|chapter=Cases in Iranian languages and dialects\|year=1995\|title=Encyclopedia Iranica\|volume=5\|pages=25–37\|location=Costa Mesa\|publisher=Mazda\|last=Windfuhr\|first=Gernot L.\|chapter-url=http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v5f1/v5f1a008.html\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071104230552/http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v5f1/v5f1a008.html\|archive-date=2007-11-04}}		* {{citation\|chapter=Cases in Iranian languages and dialects\|year=1995\|title=Encyclopedia Iranica\|volume=5\|pages=25–37\|location=Costa Mesa\|publisher=Mazda\|last=Windfuhr\|first=Gernot L.\|chapter-url=http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v5f1/v5f1a008.html\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071104230552/http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v5f1/v5f1a008.html\|archive-date=2007-11-04}}
	* {{cite journal \|title=From the Persepolis Fortification Archive Project, 1: An Old Persian Administrative Tablet from the Persepolis Fortification \|year=2007\|journal=Arta\|volume=1 \|~~last~~=Stolper \|~~first~~=Matthew W. \|last2=Tavernier \|first2=Jan}}		* {{cite journal \|title=From the Persepolis Fortification Archive Project, 1: An Old Persian Administrative Tablet from the Persepolis Fortification \|year=2007\|journal=Arta\|volume=1 \|last1=Stolper \|first1=Matthew W. \|last2=Tavernier \|first2=Jan}}
			* {{cite web \|title=An Old Persian text in the Persepolis Fortification Archive \|date=June 18, 2007 \|others=Posted by Chuck Jones \|url=http://persepolistablets.blogspot.com/2007/06/old-persian-text-in-persepolis.html \|work=Persepolis Fortification Archive Project}}
	* {{Citation \|last=Asatrian \|first=Garnik\| title= Etymological Dictionary of Persian\| series= [[Indo-European Etymological Dictionary\|Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series, 12]] \|publisher= [[Brill Publishers\|Brill Academic Publishers]] \|year=2010 \|isbn= 978-90-04-18341-4\| url=<!--broken or incorrect link: http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=227&pid=24857-->}}		* {{Citation \|last=Asatrian \|first=Garnik\| title= Etymological Dictionary of Persian\| series= [[Indo-European Etymological Dictionary\|Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series, 12]] \|publisher= [[Brill Publishers\|Brill Academic Publishers]] \|year=2010 \|isbn= 978-90-04-18341-4\| url=<!--broken or incorrect link: http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=227&pid=24857-->}}
	{{Refend}}		{{Refend}}

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2022-05-29T07:48:16Z

Removed redirect to Old Persian language

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#REDIRECT[[Old Persian language]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:29, 11 June 2022
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	Old Persian appears primarily in the inscriptions, [[clay tablet]]s and [[seal (device)\|seal]]s of the [[Achaemenid dynasty\|Achaemenid]] era (c. 600 BCE to 300 BCE). Examples of Old Persian have been found in what is now [[Iran]], [[Romania]] ([[Gherla]]),{{sfn\|Kuhrt\|2013\|page=197}}{{sfn\|Frye\|1984\|page=103}}{{sfn\|Schmitt\|2000\|page=53}} [[Armenia]], [[Bahrain]], [[Iraq]], [[Turkey]] and [[Egypt]],<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.avesta.org/op/op.htm \|title=Old Persian Texts \|work=Avesta – Zoroastrian Archives}}</ref><ref>Kent, R. G. (1950) "Old Persian: Grammar Texts Lexicon", p. 6. American Oriental Society.</ref> with the most important attestation by far being the contents of the [[Behistun Inscription]] (dated to 525 BCE).		Old Persian appears primarily in the inscriptions, [[clay tablet]]s and [[seal (device)\|seal]]s of the [[Achaemenid dynasty\|Achaemenid]] era (c. 600 BCE to 300 BCE). Examples of Old Persian have been found in what is now [[Iran]], [[Romania]] ([[Gherla]]),{{sfn\|Kuhrt\|2013\|page=197}}{{sfn\|Frye\|1984\|page=103}}{{sfn\|Schmitt\|2000\|page=53}} [[Armenia]], [[Bahrain]], [[Iraq]], [[Turkey]] and [[Egypt]],<ref>{{cite web \|url=http://www.avesta.org/op/op.htm \|title=Old Persian Texts \|work=Avesta – Zoroastrian Archives}}</ref><ref>Kent, R. G. (1950) "Old Persian: Grammar Texts Lexicon", p. 6. American Oriental Society.</ref> with the most important attestation by far being the contents of the [[Behistun Inscription]] (dated to 525 BCE).

	Recent research (2007) into the vast [[Persepolis Fortification Archive]] at the Oriental Institute at the [[University of Chicago]] unearthed Old Persian tablets, which suggest Old Persian was a written language in use for practical recording and not only for royal display.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Everyday text shows that Old Persian was probably more commonly used than previously thought \|date=June 15, 2007 \|publisher=University of Chicago News Office \|~~access~~-~~date=September 11, 2010~~ \|url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml}}</ref>		Recent research (2007) into the vast [[Persepolis Fortification Archive]] at the Oriental Institute at the [[University of Chicago]] unearthed Old Persian tablets, which suggest Old Persian was a written language in use for practical recording and not only for royal display.<ref>{{cite web \|title=Everyday text shows that Old Persian was probably more commonly used than previously thought \|date=June 15, 2007 \|publisher=University of Chicago News Office (archived) \|url=http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171016070202/http://www-news.uchicago.edu/releases/07/070615.oldpersian.shtml \|archive-date=2017-10-16 }}</ref>

	==Origin and overview==		==Origin and overview==
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	\| *Hr̥táh \|\| [[asha\|arta]] \|\| ard \|\| ord ارد \|\| order, truth		\| *Hr̥táh \|\| [[asha\|arta]] \|\| ard \|\| ord ارد \|\| order, truth
	\|-		\|-
	\| *dráwgah \|\| [[~~druj~~\|druj (𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥)]] \|\| drugh \|\| dorugh دروغ \|\| lie		\| *dráwgah \|\| [[Asha\|druj (𐎭𐎼𐎢𐎥)]] \|\| drugh \|\| dorugh دروغ \|\| lie
	\|-		\|-
	\| *cwáHdaH \|\| spada \|\| spah 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭧 \|\| sepah سپاه \|\| army		\| *cwáHdaH \|\| spada \|\| spah 𐭮𐭯𐭠𐭧 \|\| sepah سپاه \|\| army
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	* {{Citation\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T7JFAQAAIAAJ\|title=The Behistan inscription of King Darius: translation and critical notes to the Persian text with special reference to recent re-examinations of the rock \|author=Darius I (King of Persia)\|editor=Herbert Cushing Tolman\|year=1908\|publisher=Vanderbilt university\|series=Volume 1, Issue 1 of Vanderbilt University studies\|access-date=2011-07-06}}		* {{Citation\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=T7JFAQAAIAAJ\|title=The Behistan inscription of King Darius: translation and critical notes to the Persian text with special reference to recent re-examinations of the rock \|author=Darius I (King of Persia)\|editor=Herbert Cushing Tolman\|year=1908\|publisher=Vanderbilt university\|series=Volume 1, Issue 1 of Vanderbilt University studies\|access-date=2011-07-06}}
	<!-- -->		<!-- -->
	* {{cite web \|~~last~~=Harvey\|~~first~~=Scott L.\|last2=Slocum\|first2=Jonathan \|title=Series Introduction \|work=Old Iranian Online\|publisher=The University of Texas at Austin Linguistics Research Center \|url=https://lrc.la.utexas.edu/eieol/aveol}}		* {{cite web \|last1=Harvey\|first1=Scott L.\|last2=Slocum\|first2=Jonathan \|title=Series Introduction \|work=Old Iranian Online\|publisher=The University of Texas at Austin Linguistics Research Center \|url=https://lrc.la.utexas.edu/eieol/aveol}}
	* {{citation\|chapter=Cases in Iranian languages and dialects\|year=1995\|title=Encyclopedia Iranica\|volume=5\|pages=25–37\|location=Costa Mesa\|publisher=Mazda\|last=Windfuhr\|first=Gernot L.\|chapter-url=http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v5f1/v5f1a008.html\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071104230552/http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v5f1/v5f1a008.html\|archive-date=2007-11-04}}		* {{citation\|chapter=Cases in Iranian languages and dialects\|year=1995\|title=Encyclopedia Iranica\|volume=5\|pages=25–37\|location=Costa Mesa\|publisher=Mazda\|last=Windfuhr\|first=Gernot L.\|chapter-url=http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v5f1/v5f1a008.html\|url-status=dead\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071104230552/http://www.iranica.com/newsite/articles/v5f1/v5f1a008.html\|archive-date=2007-11-04}}
	* {{cite journal \|title=From the Persepolis Fortification Archive Project, 1: An Old Persian Administrative Tablet from the Persepolis Fortification \|year=2007\|journal=Arta\|volume=1 \|~~last~~=Stolper \|~~first~~=Matthew W. \|last2=Tavernier \|first2=Jan}}		* {{cite journal \|title=From the Persepolis Fortification Archive Project, 1: An Old Persian Administrative Tablet from the Persepolis Fortification \|year=2007\|journal=Arta\|volume=1 \|last1=Stolper \|first1=Matthew W. \|last2=Tavernier \|first2=Jan}}
			* {{cite web \|title=An Old Persian text in the Persepolis Fortification Archive \|date=June 18, 2007 \|others=Posted by Chuck Jones \|url=http://persepolistablets.blogspot.com/2007/06/old-persian-text-in-persepolis.html \|work=Persepolis Fortification Archive Project}}
	* {{Citation \|last=Asatrian \|first=Garnik\| title= Etymological Dictionary of Persian\| series= [[Indo-European Etymological Dictionary\|Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series, 12]] \|publisher= [[Brill Publishers\|Brill Academic Publishers]] \|year=2010 \|isbn= 978-90-04-18341-4\| url=<!--broken or incorrect link: http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=227&pid=24857-->}}		* {{Citation \|last=Asatrian \|first=Garnik\| title= Etymological Dictionary of Persian\| series= [[Indo-European Etymological Dictionary\|Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series, 12]] \|publisher= [[Brill Publishers\|Brill Academic Publishers]] \|year=2010 \|isbn= 978-90-04-18341-4\| url=<!--broken or incorrect link: http://www.brill.nl/default.aspx?partid=227&pid=24857-->}}
	{{Refend}}		{{Refend}}

Old Persian - Revision history

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