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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Extinct Great Andamanese language of India}}<br />
{{Infobox language<br />
| name = Kol<br />
| nativename = {{lang|aky|O-Kol}}<br />
| states = [[India]]<br />
| region = [[Andaman Islands]]; southeast Middle Andaman island.<br />
| extinct = by 1921<br />
| ref = e25<br />
| familycolor = Andamanese<br />
| fam1 = [[Great Andamanese languages|Great Andamanese]]<br />
| fam2 = Central Andamanese<br />
| fam3 = Opucikwar–Okol<br />
| iso3 = aky<br />
| linglist = aky.html<br />
| glotto = akak1253<br />
| glottorefname = Akakol<br />
| ethnicity = Kol<br />
| map2 = Lang Status 01-EX.svg<br />
| map = Languages_and_dialects_of_the_Andaman_Islands_at_British_contact.png<br />
| mapcaption = {{legend|#ff50af|Okol}}<br />
}}<br />
<br />
The '''Kol language''', '''''O-Kol''''', is an extinct [[Great Andamanese languages|Great Andamanese]] language, of the Central group. It was spoken in the southeast section of [[Middle Andaman]].<br />
<br />
==History==<br />
{{Off topic|date=March 2026}}<br />
The Kol were one of the [[indigenous peoples]] of the [[Andaman Islands]], one of the ten or so [[Great Andamanese]] tribes identified by [[British Empire|British]] colonials in the 1860s. Their language was closely related to the other [[Great Andamanese languages]]. They were extinct as a distinct people by 1921.<ref name="vanDriem2001">{{Citation | title=Languages of the Himalayas: An Ethnolinguistic Handbook of the Greater Himalayan Region : Containing an Introduction to the Symbiotic Theory of Language | author=George van Driem | date=2001 | publisher=BRILL | isbn=90-04-12062-9 | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=fiavPYCz4dYC | quote=''The Aka-Kol tribe of Middle Andaman became extinct by 1921.''}}</ref><br />
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==Grammar==<br />
The Great Andamanese languages are [[agglutinative]] languages, with an extensive prefix and suffix system.<ref name=Templ>Temple, Richard C. (1902). ''A Grammar of the Andamanese Languages, being Chapter IV of Part I of the Census Report on the Andaman and Nicobar Islands''. Superintendent's Printing Press: Port Blair.</ref> They have a distinctive [[noun class]] system based largely on body parts, in which every [[noun]] and [[adjective]] may take a [[Prefix (linguistics)|prefix]] according to which body part it is associated with (on the basis of shape, or functional association). Thus, for instance, the *aka- at the beginning of the language names is a prefix for objects related to the [[tongue]].<ref name="Templ"/><br />
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The prefixes are,<br />
<br />
{| class=wikitable<br />
! !!Kol<br />
|-<br />
!head/heart<br />
|ôto-<br />
|-<br />
!hand/foot <br />
|ôn-<br />
|-<br />
!mouth/tongue <br />
|o-<br />
|-<br />
!torso (shoulder to shins) <br />
|o-<br />
|-<br />
!eye/face/arm/breast <br />
|er-<br />
|-<br />
!back/leg/butt <br />
|a-<br />
|-<br />
!waist <br />
|}<br />
<br />
Body parts are [[Inalienable possession|inalienably possessed]], requiring a [[possessive adjective]] [[Prefix (linguistics)|prefix]] to complete them, so one cannot say "head" alone, but only "my, or his, or your, etc. head".<br />
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The basic pronouns are almost identical throughout the Great Andamanese languages.<br />
<br />
'This' and 'that' are distinguished as ''k-'' and ''t-''.<br />
<br />
Judging from the available sources, the Andamanese languages have only two [[cardinal number (linguistics)|cardinal number]]s &mdash; [[1 (number)|one]] and [[2 (number)|two]] &mdash; and their entire numerical lexicon is one, two, one more, some more, and all.<ref name="Templ"/><br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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{{Andamanese languages}}<br />
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{{authority control}}<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Andamanese, Aka-Kol, Language}}<br />
[[Category:Agglutinative languages]]<br />
[[Category:Great Andamanese languages]]<br />
[[Category:Extinct languages of Asia]]<br />
[[Category:Languages of India]]<br />
[[Category:Languages extinct in the 20th century]]<br />
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