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{{Short description|Writing system designated as official}}
{{More citations needed|date=April 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
[[File:The letters of the officially used Indic scripts of the official languages of the Indian Republic.jpg|thumb|250px|The letters of the [[Indic scripts|Indic]] [[official scripts of the Indian Republic]] used by the [[official languages of India]] – <br /> {{small|(top row: [[Kannada-Telugu script|Kannada/Telugu]], [[Tamil script|Tamil]], [[Gujarati script|Gujarati]]; <br /> middle row: [[Meitei script|Meitei]], [[Devanagari]], [[Eastern Nagari script|Eastern Nagari]]; <br /> bottom row: [[Odia script|Odia]], [[Malayalam script|Malayalam]], [[Gurmukhi]])}} <br /> These are the examples of the official scripts.]]
An '''official script''' is a [[writing system]] that is specifically designated to be official in the [[constitution]]s or other applicable [[law]]s of [[jurisdiction (area)|countries, states, and other jurisdictions]]. Akin to an [[official language]], an official script is much rarer. It is used primarily where an official language is in practice written with two or more scripts. As, in these languages, use of script often has [[culture|cultural]] or [[politics|political]] connotations, proclamation of an official script is sometimes criticized as having a goal of influencing culture or politics or both. Desired effects also may include easing [[education]], [[communication]] and some other aspects of life.

== List of official scripts ==
Below is a partial list of official scripts used in different countries. Those in ''italics'' are states that have [[List of states with limited recognition|limited international recognition]].

*[[Azerbaijan]] – [[Azeri Latin alphabet]]
*[[Bangladesh]] – [[Bengali alphabet|Bengali script]]
*[[Brunei]] – [[Malay alphabet|Rumi script]] (Latin) and [[Jawi script]] ([[Arabic script|Arabic]])
*[[Bosnia and Herzegovina]]:
**[[Republika Srpska]] – [[Cyrillic]] and [[Latin script|Latin]]<ref>[https://advokat-prnjavorac.com/legislation/Constitution-of-Republika-Srpska.pdf Constitution of Republika Srpska], Article 7.</ref>
**[[Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina]] – [[Cyrillic]] and [[Latin script|Latin]]<ref>[https://advokat-prnjavorac.com/legislation/constitution_fbih.pdf Constitution of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina], Part I, Article 6.</ref>
*[[Bulgaria]] – [[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]] ([[Bulgarian alphabet]])
*[[Cambodia]] – [[Khmer script]]
*[[China|China, People's Republic of]] ([[mainland China]]) – [[Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified Chinese]]<ref>National People's Congress of China, {{cite web |url=http://www.npc.gov.cn/wxzl/gongbao/2000-10/31/content_1481418.htm|title=The law of national all-purpose language and character in the People's Republic of China.}}</ref>
**[[Hong Kong]] SAR – [[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional Chinese]] (''de facto''), [[English Alphabet|Latin script]]<ref>After the announcement of Simplified Chinese in mainland China, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau didn't follow the change, making Traditional Chinese the de facto official script. (Hong Kong and Macau were still colonies at that time, and their current constitutions don't state whether Tradition Chinese or Simplified Chinese is to be used. Both places continued to use Traditional Chinese after handover.see [[List of languages written in Chinese characters and derivatives of Chinese characters]] )</ref>
**[[Macau]] SAR – [[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional Chinese]] (''de facto''), [[Portuguese Orthography|Latin script]]
**[[Inner Mongolia]] region – [[Traditional Mongolian alphabet|Mongolian alphabet]], Simplified Chinese
**[[Tibet Autonomous Region|Tibet]] region – [[Tibetan alphabet]], Simplified Chinese
**[[Xinjiang]] region – [[Uyghur Ereb Yéziqi]],<ref>Xinjiang Languages
and characters, {{cite web|url=http://www.xjyw.gov.cn/ywmzyw?contentId=35621ccb44a346039c61d683d85684c2&navToId=1d09171991c04352a768543c5caf54f3|title=Uyghur Language and characters.}}{{dead link|date=April 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> Simplified Chinese
**[[Guangxi]] region – [[Zhuang alphabet|Zhuang Latin alphabet]], Simplified Chinese
*[[Croatia]] – [[Croatian alphabet]]<ref>[[Constitution of Croatia]], Article 12: {{cite web |url=http://www.sabor.hr/Default.aspx?art=2407 |title=Basic Provisions |publisher=Croatian Parliament |access-date=26 August 2011 |quote=The Croatian language and the Latin script shall be in official use in the Republic of Croatia. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110909155806/http://www.sabor.hr/Default.aspx?art=2407 |archive-date=9 September 2011 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[Ethiopia]] – [[Ge'ez script]]
*[[Eritrea]] – [[Ge'ez script]]
*[[Georgia (country)|Georgia]] – [[Georgian scripts|Georgian alphabet]]{{Citation needed|date=August 2011}}
*[[Greece]] - [[Greek alphabet]]
*[[India]]:
**[[Hindi]],<ref>{{Cite web | url = http://socialjustice.nic.in/olact1963.php | title = Official Language Act - Official Language: Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment, Government of India | website = socialjustice.nic.in | access-date = 2016-02-25 | archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20160304090115/http://socialjustice.nic.in/olact1963.php | archive-date = 4 March 2016 | url-status = dead}}</ref> [[Marathi language|Marathi]], [[Konkani language|Konkani]], [[Nepali language|Nepali]], [[Maithili language|Maithili]], [[Boro language (India)|Boro]], [[Sanskrit]], [[Dogri]] – [[Devanagari]]
**[[Assamese language|Assamese]] – [[Assamese alphabet]]
**[[Bengali language|Bengali]] – [[Bengali alphabet]]
**[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]] – [[Gujarati script]]
**[[Kannada language|Kannada]] – [[Kannada script]]
**[[Kashmiri language|Kashmiri]] – [[Perso-Arabic script]]
**[[Malayalam]] – [[Malayalam script]]
**[[Meitei language|Meitei]] – [[Meitei Mayek script]]
**[[Odia language|Odia]] – [[Odia script]]
**[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] – [[Gurmukhi]]
**[[Santali language|Santali]] – [[Ol Chiki script]]
**[[Sindhi language|Sindhi]] – [[Perso-Arabic script]], [[Devanagari]]
**[[Tamil language|Tamil]] – [[Tamil script]]
**[[Telugu language|Telugu]] – [[Telugu script]]
**[[Urdu]] – [[Perso-Arabic script]]
*[[Indonesia]] – [[Malay alphabet|Rumi script]] ([[Latin alphabet|Latin]])
*[[Iran]] – [[Perso-Arabic alphabet]]<ref>[https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Constitution_of_the_Islamic_Republic_of_Iran#Chapter_2_:_The_Official_Language,_Script,_Calendar,_and_Flag_of_the_Country Constitution of the Islamic Republic of Iran. The Official Language, Script, Calendar, and Flag of the Country].</ref>
*[[Japan]] – mixed of [[Kana]] ([[Hiragana]], [[Katakana]]) and [[Kanji]] ([[Shinjitai]])
*[[Kazakhstan]] – [[Cyrillic]] ([[Kazakh language|Kazakh]], [[Russian language|Russian]]) and [[Latin script|Latin]] ([[Kazakh language|Kazakh]])
*[[Korea]] (both) – [[Hangul|Chosŏn'gŭl/Hangul]]<ref name="AltonChidley2013">{{cite book|last1=Alton|first1=David|last2=Chidley|first2=Rob|title=Building Bridges: Is There Hope for North Korea?|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eTWqpOOXI_QC&pg=PA89|year=2013|publisher=Lion Books|location=Oxford|isbn=978-0-7459-5598-8|page=89}}</ref> ([[Hanja]] is sometime used in [[South Korea]], not used in [[North Korea]])<ref>Article 14 of the [http://law.go.kr/lsInfoP.do?lsiSeq=136820&chrClsCd=010203&urlMode=engLsInfoR&viewCls=engLsInfoR#0000 Framework Act on Korean Language] prefers hangul but also allows hanja in parentheses, in cases prescribed by South Korean Presidential Decree.</ref>
*[[Laos]] – [[Lao script]]
*[[Malaysia]] – [[Malay alphabet|Rumi script]] ([[Latin alphabet|Latin]]); [[Jawi script]] ([[Arabic script|Arabic]]) is recognized.<ref>{{Cite web| url =http://world.moleg.go.kr/fl/download/6919/1LVXA00KM0Z8UMRW4CWO| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20160303161054/http://world.moleg.go.kr/fl/download/6919/1LVXA00KM0Z8UMRW4CWO| url-status =dead| archive-date =2016-03-03| title =National Language Acts 1963/67| quote =The script of the national language shall be the Rumi script: provided that this shall not prohibit the use of the Malay script, more commonly known as the Jawi script, of the national language.}}</ref>
*[[Maldives]] – [[Thaana]]
*[[Moldova]] – [[Moldovan Latin alphabet|Latin alphabet]]<ref>[[Constitution of Moldova]], Article 13: {{cite web |url=http://www.president.md/const.php?page=8100&lang=eng |title=Title I. General Principles |publisher=Official Website of the President of Moldavia |access-date=26 August 2011 |quote=(1) The national language of the Republic of Moldova is Moldovan, and its writing is based on the Latin alphabet. |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110829041339/http://www.president.md/const.php?page=8100&lang=eng |archive-date=29 August 2011}}</ref>
*[[Mongolia]] – [[Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet]] and [[Mongolian script]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6478&Itemid=36 |title=Official Documents to be in Mongolian Script |newspaper=UB Post |date=2011-06-21 |language=zh |access-date=2010-07-11 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111101013639/http://ubpost.mongolnews.mn/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=6478&Itemid=36 |archive-date=1 November 2011 }}</ref>
*[[Montenegro]] – [[Cyrillic]] and [[Gaj's Latin alphabet|Gaj's]] [[Latin script]]<ref>{{Cite web
| url = http://www.vlada.me/biblioteka/1118659920.doc
| title = Vlada Crne Gore
| website = vlada.me
| access-date = 2016-02-25
}}</ref>
*[[Myanmar|Myanmar –]] [[Burmese alphabet]]
*[[Nepal]]
**[[Nepali language]] — [[Devanagari]]
**[[Nepal Bhasa]] — [[Ranjana script]]
**[[Maithili language|Maithili]] — [[Tirhuta]] and [[Kaithi]]
**[[Bhojpuri]] — [[Kaithi]] and [[Devanagari]]
**[[Magar language|Magar]] — [[Magar Akkha]] and [[Devanagari]]
**[[Tharu languages|Tharu]] — [[Devanagari]]
**[[Tamang]] — [[Tamyig]], [[Devanagari]] and [[Tibetan script]]
**[[Bajjika]] — [[Tirhuta]], [[Kaithi]] and [[Devanagari]]
**[[Limbu language|Limbu]] — [[Limbu script]]
**[[Bantawa]] — [[Kirat Rai script]] and [[Devanagari]]
**[[Gurung]] — [[Khema script]], [[Devanagari]] and [[Tibetan script]]
**[[Awadhi]] — [[Kaithi]], [[Perso-Arabic]], [[Devanagari]] and [[Latin-Roman]]
**[[Urdu]] — [[Perso-Arabic]], [[Roman Urdu]] and [[Urdu Braille]]
*[[North Macedonia]] – [[Cyrillic script|Cyrillic]] ([[Macedonian orthography|Macedonian alphabet]])<ref>[[Constitution of Macedonia]], Article 7: {{cite web |title=Constitution of the Republic of Macedonia |url=http://www.sobranie.mk/en/default-en.asp?ItemID=9F7452BF44EE814B8DB897C1858B71FF |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110928183853/http://www.sobranie.mk/en/default-en.asp?ItemID=9F7452BF44EE814B8DB897C1858B71FF |archive-date=28 September 2011 |access-date=26 August 2011 |publisher=Assembly of the Republic of Macedonia |quote=The Macedonian language, written using its Cyrillic alphabet, is the official language in the Republic of Macedonia.}}</ref>
*[[Philippines]] – [[Filipino alphabet|Latin alphabet]] (''de facto'')
*[[Russian Federation]] – [[Cyrillic]] ([[Russian alphabet]])<ref>In Russian, the designation of Cyrillic as an official script (2001) has the consequence that the official languages of national [[Republics of Russia]] have to be written in the Cyrillic script in all official institutions and education. The passing of the law was met with particular resistance and criticism in the Republic of [[Tatarstan]], as it replaced the Turkish Latin alphabet which the local government tried to promote in education after the dissolution of USSR.see [[List of languages in Russia]]</ref>
*[[Serbia]] – [[Cyrillic]] ([[Serbian Cyrillic script]])<ref>[[Constitution of Serbia]], Article 10: {{cite web |url=http://www.srbija.gov.rs/cinjenice_o_srbiji/ustav.php?change_lang=en |title=I Constitution Principles |publisher=Government of Serbia |access-date=26 August 2011 |quote=Serbian language and Cyrillic script shall be in official use in the Republic of Serbia. |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130502072530/http://www.srbija.gov.rs/cinjenice_o_srbiji/ustav.php?change_lang=en |archive-date=2 May 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>
*[[Singapore]]
**[[Singapore English|English]], [[Malay language|Malay]] — [[Latin script]]
**[[Singaporean Mandarin|Mandarin]] – [[Simplified Chinese characters|Simplified Chinese]]
**[[Tamil language|Tamil]] – [[Tamil script]]
*''[[Taiwan]]''<ref>Control by Republic of China</ref> – [[Traditional Chinese characters|Traditional Chinese]]
*[[Thailand]] – [[Thai script]]
*[[Turkey]] – [[Turkish Latin alphabet|Latin alphabet]]
*[[Ukraine]] – [[Cyrillic]] ([[Ukrainian alphabet]])
*[[Vietnam]] – [[Latin script]] (''de facto'')<ref>Chapter I - Decree 5 - Section 3 of the current [[Constitution of Vietnam|Constitution]] (2013) states that [[Vietnamese language]] is the [[National language]] of Vietnam, but nothing states the [[Vietnamese alphabet|Vietnamese Latin Alphabet]] (called as c''hữ Quốc ngữ'') is the official script [[de jure]].[https://vnexpress.net/quoc-hoi-thong-qua-hien-phap-sua-doi-2916328-p2.html] ''[[chữ Hán]]'' ([[Chinese characters]]) and [[chữ Nôm]] sometime can be used, most in activities about the traditional cultural in Vietnam (e.g. ''[[Vietnamese calligraphy]]).''</ref>

== Historical ==
* In the [[USSR]], numerous languages were [[Latinization (USSR)|latinized]] during the 1920s–1930s. In the late 1930s the Latinization campaign was canceled and all newly romanized languages were converted to [[Cyrillic]].

== See also ==
* [[Official language]]
* [[Spelling reform]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Spelling reform]]
[[Category:Spelling]]
[[Category:Concepts in language policy]]

Official script - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article