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	{{for\|the district\|Nuwara Eliya District}}		{{for\|the district\|Nuwara Eliya District}}
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	{{more citations needed\|date=June 2013}}		{{more citations needed\|date=June 2013}}
	{{Infobox settlement		{{Infobox settlement

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{{for|the district|Nuwara Eliya District}}
{{pp-semi-indef}}
{{more citations needed|date=June 2013}}
{{Infobox settlement

| name = Nuwara Eliya
| official_name = Nuwara Eliya
| native_name = {{native name|si|නුවර එළිය|italics=no}}<br/>{{native name|ta|நுவரெலியா|italics=no}}
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[City]]

| image_skyline = Nuwara-e.jpg
| image_caption = Nuwara Eliya skyline
| image_shield =
| nickname = Little England

| image_map =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = Sri Lanka
| pushpin_map_caption = Map of Sri Lanka showing the location of Nuwara Eliya
| coordinates = {{coord|6|58|0|N|80|46|0|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[List of sovereign states|Country]]
| subdivision_name = Sri Lanka
| subdivision_type1 = [[Provinces of Sri Lanka|Province]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of Sri Lanka|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Central Province, Sri Lanka|Central Province]]
| subdivision_name2 = Nuwara Eliya District

| established_title = 
| established_date =
| parts_type = [[Divisional Secretariats of Sri Lanka|Divisional Secretariats]]
| parts_style = para
| government_type = [[Municipal Council]]
| leader_party =
| leader_title = [[Mayor]]
| leader_name =
| area_total_km2 =

| area_land_km2 =
| area_urban_km2 = 13

| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 1868
| elevation_min_m =

| population_total = 27,500
| population_as_of = 2011 census
| population_footnotes =
| population_density_km2 = 3197

| timezone1 = [[Time zone#UTC .2B 6.2C F|Sri Lanka Standard Time Zone]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST = 
| postal_code_type = Postcode
| postal_code = 22200
| area_code = 052

| area_code_type = 
| website =
| elevation_max_m =
}}

'''Nuwara Eliya''' ({{lang-si|නුවර එළිය}} {{IPA-si|nuwərə ɛlijə|}}; {{lang-ta|நுவரெலியா}}) is a city in the hill country of the [[Central Province, Sri Lanka]]. Its name means "city on the plain (table land)" or "city of light". The city is the administrative capital of [[Nuwara Eliya District]], with a picturesque landscape and temperate climate. It is at an altitude of 1,868 m (6,128 ft) and is considered to be the most important location for [[tea production in Sri Lanka]]. The city is overlooked by [[Pidurutalagala]], the tallest mountain in Sri Lanka. Nuwara Eliya is known for its temperate, cool climate{{Spaced ndash|}}the coolest area in Sri Lanka.

== History ==
The city was founded by [[Samuel Baker]], the explorer of [[Lake Albert (Africa)|Lake Albert]] and the upper [[Nile]] in 1846. Nuwara Eliya's climate lent itself to becoming the prime sanctuary of the British civil servants and planters in Ceylon. Nuwara Eliya, called Little England, was a hill country retreat where the British colonialists could immerse themselves in their pastimes such as fox hunting, deer hunting, elephant hunting, polo, golf and cricket.

Many of the buildings retain features from the colonial period such as the [[Queen's Cottage]], [[General's House, Nuwara Eliya|General's House]], [[Grand Hotel (Nuwara Eliya)|Grand Hotel]], [[Hill Club]], [[St Andrew's Hotel]] and [[Nuwara Eliya Post Office|Town Post Office]]. New hotels are often built and furnished in the colonial style. Visitors to the city can wallow in its nostalgia of bygone days by visiting the landmark buildings. Many private homes maintain their old English-style lawns and gardens.
<gallery>
File:NuwaralEliyaWaterfall.JPG|A waterfall in the surroundings of Nuwara Eliya
File:Nuwara Eliya.jpg|Map of Nuwara Eliya, ca 1914
</gallery>

==Climate==
Due to its highland location, Nuwara Eliya has a [[subtropical highland climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]] ''Cfb''),<ref name="Climate-Data.org">{{cite web |url = http://en.climate-data.org/location/909/ |title = Climate: Nuwara Eliya CP (altitude: 1902m) - Climate graph, Temperature graph, Climate table |publisher = Climate-Data.org |access-date = 2013-12-12}}</ref> having no pronounced dry season, a [[monsoon]]-like cloudy season and with a mean annual temperature of {{convert|16|°C|°F}}.

In the winter months, there can be frost at night, but it warms up rapidly during the day because of the high sun angle.

{{Weather box
| location = Nuwara Eliya (1961–1990 normals, extremes 1869–present)
| metric first = yes
| single line = yes

| Jan record high C = 32.2
| Feb record high C = 31.7
| Mar record high C = 33.9
| Apr record high C = 29.9
| May record high C = 32.5
| Jun record high C = 27.6
| Jul record high C = 29.2
| Aug record high C = 29.8
| Sep record high C = 25.8
| Oct record high C = 27.6
| Nov record high C = 28.6
| Dec record high C = 27.5
| year record high C = 33.9

| Jan high C = 20.0
| Feb high C = 21.2
| Mar high C = 22.5
| Apr high C = 22.8
| May high C = 21.3
| Jun high C = 18.9
| Jul high C = 18.5
| Aug high C = 18.7
| Sep high C = 19.2
| Oct high C = 19.8
| Nov high C = 19.8
| Dec high C = 19.4
| year high C = 20.2

| Jan mean C = 14.7
| Feb mean C = 15.3
| Mar mean C = 16.3
| Apr mean C = 17.1
| May mean C = 17.1
| Jun mean C = 16.1
| Jul mean C = 15.7
| Aug mean C = 15.7
| Sep mean C = 15.7
| Oct mean C = 15.8
| Nov mean C = 15.6
| Dec mean C = 15.2
| year mean C = 15.9

| Jan low C = 9.4
| Feb low C = 9.4
| Mar low C = 10.2
| Apr low C = 11.4
| May low C = 12.8
| Jun low C = 13.3
| Jul low C = 12.8
| Aug low C = 12.7
| Sep low C = 12.3
| Oct low C = 11.9
| Nov low C = 11.5
| Dec low C = 11.0
| year low C = 11.6

| Jan record low C = -2.6
| Feb record low C = -2.5
| Mar record low C = -1.9
| Apr record low C = 0.8
| May record low C = 0.8
| Jun record low C = 6.4
| Jul record low C = 6.0
| Aug record low C = 5.1
| Sep record low C = 5.0
| Oct record low C = 1.2
| Nov record low C = 1.4
| Dec record low C = -1.1
| year record low C = -2.6

|precipitation colour = green
| Jan precipitation mm = 100.6
| Feb precipitation mm = 77.7
| Mar precipitation mm = 71.5
| Apr precipitation mm = 158.4
| May precipitation mm = 175.9
| Jun precipitation mm = 171.9
| Jul precipitation mm = 164.9
| Aug precipitation mm = 161.0
| Sep precipitation mm = 178.8
| Oct precipitation mm = 226.8
| Nov precipitation mm = 221.7
| Dec precipitation mm = 196.0

| Jan humidity = 83
| Feb humidity = 79
| Mar humidity = 78
| Apr humidity = 84
| May humidity = 86
| Jun humidity = 87
| Jul humidity = 87
| Aug humidity = 85
| Sep humidity = 86
| Oct humidity = 86
| Nov humidity = 85
| Dec humidity = 85
| year humidity = 85

| Jan precipitation days = 8
| Feb precipitation days = 7
| Mar precipitation days = 8
| Apr precipitation days = 13
| May precipitation days = 13
| Jun precipitation days = 16
| Jul precipitation days = 17
| Aug precipitation days = 16
| Sep precipitation days = 15
| Oct precipitation days = 18
| Nov precipitation days = 17
| Dec precipitation days = 15

|Jan sun = 167.4
|Feb sun = 163.9
|Mar sun = 198.4
|Apr sun = 156.0
|May sun = 102.3
|Jun sun = 84.0
|Jul sun = 68.2
|Aug sun = 74.4
|Sep sun = 87.0
|Oct sun = 117.8
|Nov sun = 123.0
|Dec sun = 142.6
|year sun =
|Jan percentsun = 46
|Feb percentsun = 50
|Mar percentsun = 54
|Apr percentsun = 43
|May percentsun = 27
|Jun percentsun = 23
|Jul percentsun = 18
|Aug percentsun = 20
|Sep percentsun = 24
|Oct percentsun = 32
|Nov percentsun = 35
|Dec percentsun = 40
|year percentsun =
|source 1 = NOAA<ref name= NOAA>{{cite web
| url = ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/TABLES/REG_II/S3/43473.TXT
| title = Nuwara Eliya Climate Normals 1961-1990
| publisher = [[National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration]]
| access-date = May 9, 2016}}</ref>
|source 2 = WMO (precipitation)<ref name= WMO>{{cite web
| url = http://worldweather.wmo.int/en/city.html?cityId=343
| title = World Weather Information Service - Nuwara Eliya
| publisher = [[World Meteorological Organization]]
| access-date = December 29, 2012}}</ref> DWD (humidity and sunshine 1931–1960)<ref name = DWD>
{{cite web
| url = http://www.dwd.de/DWD/klima/beratung/ak/ak_434730_kt.pdf
| title = Klimatafel von Nuwara Eliya / Sri Lanka (Ceylon)
| work = Baseline climate means (1961-1990) from stations all over the world
| publisher = [[Deutscher Wetterdienst]]
| language = de
| access-date = May 9, 2016}}</ref> Meteo Climat (extremes)<ref name = meteoclimat>
{{cite web
| url = http://meteo-climat-bzh.dyndns.org/index.php?page=stati&id=331
| title = Station Nuwara Eliya
| publisher = Meteo Climat
|language = fr
| access-date = 26 August 2021}}</ref>
| date = December 2012}}

==Demographics==
{{Main|Demographics of Sri Lanka}}
The majority of the population of Nuwara Eliya city is [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]]. There are sizable communities belonging to other ethnic groups, such as [[Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka|Indian Tamils]] and [[Sri Lankan Tamils]].

{| class="wikitable"
|+
|-
!Ethnicity (2012)!!Population
|-
|[[Sinhalese people|Sinhala]]||19,157 (44.5%)
|-
|[[Sri Lankan Tamils]]||9,557 (22.2%)
|-
|[[Indian Tamils of Sri Lanka|Indian Tamils]]||9,101 (21.1%)
|-
|[[Sri Lankan Moors]]||4,629 (10.8%)
|-
|Other (including [[Burgher people|Burgher]], [[Sri Lankan Malays|Malay]])||606 (1.4%)
|-
|Total|| 43,050 (100%)
|}
Source: ''[https://web.archive.org/web/20070610120717/http://www.statistics.gov.lk/census2001/population/district/t002c.htm ''statistics.gov.lk'']

==Language==
[[Sinhala language|Sinhala]] and [[Tamil Language|Tamil]] are the two major languages spoken in Nuwara Eliya. [[English language|English]] is also widely used by the locals.

==Festivals==
[[File:TownsquareNE.jpg|thumb|300px|Nuwara Eliya Town Square]]
The town really comes alive in April for the [[Sinhalese people|Sinhalese]] and [[Tamil calendar|Tamil]] [[New Year]]. It is difficult to find accommodation as Sri Lankans holiday in the region during this period. The festive season starts on April 1 annually in a ceremonial manner. The ceremony consists mainly of a band show in which all the local school bands participate.

Main attractions during April include motor and horse racing events. Motor racing comes alive with the Mahagastotte and Radella Hill Climbs, the former being run since 1934. The Nuwara Eliya Road Race and the 4X4 Lake Cross on edge of [[Lake Gregory (Nuwara Eliya)|Lake Gregory]] attract a fair share of enthusiasts. Parties are held nightly in the hotels, and the season culminates in the nine-furlong (1811 m) Governor's Cup at the [[Nuwara Eliya Racecourse]], Golf Tournaments at the [[Nuwara Eliya Golf Club]], and the flower show at the end of the month.

==Attractions==
[[File:Victoria Park, by Sandunruki.jpg|thumb|left|200px|Victoria Park.]]
The town's attractions include the golf course, trout streams, [[Victoria Park, Nuwara Eliya|Victoria Park]], and boating or fishing on [[Lake Gregory (Nuwara Eliya)|Lake Gregory]]. Victoria Park is an attractive and well-used oasis. It is popular with [[birdwatcher]]s at quieter times because of the good opportunities for seeing species, particularly the [[Indian blue robin]], [[pied thrush]] or [[scaly thrush]] lurking in the denser undergrowth. The [[Kashmir flycatcher]] is another attractive [[bird]] species in the park.

[[Galway's Land National Park|Galway's Land Bird Sanctuary]], close to Lake Gregory, is an area of [[montane]] forest a few kilometers east of the town. Covering an area of 0.6 km<sup>2</sup> it is home to many bird and mammal species [[endemic]] to Sri Lanka, including [[wild boar]] and [[barking deer]].

The city is a base for visits to [[Horton Plains National Park]]. This is a key wildlife area of an open grassy woodland. Species found here include the [[leopard]], [[sambar deer|sambar]], and the endemic [[purple-faced langur]]. Endemic highland birds include the [[dull-blue flycatcher]], [[Sri Lanka white-eye]], and [[yellow-eared bulbul]]. The plains have a well-visited tourist attraction at [[World's End, Sri Lanka|World's End]] — a sheer precipice with a 1050 m drop. The return walk passes the scenic [[Baker's Falls]]. Early morning visits are best, both to see the wildlife and to view World's End before mists close in during the later part of the morning.

One of the distinctive features of Nuwara Eliya's countryside is the widespread growing of vegetables, fruit and flowers usually associated with temperate Europe. This "Little England" is covered with terraces growing potatoes, carrots, leeks, and roses interspersed with [[tea]] bushes on the steeper slopes.

The slow-growing tea bushes of this highland region produce some of the world's finest [[orange pekoe]] tea. Several tea factories around Nuwara Eliya offer guided tours and the opportunity to sample or purchase their products.

'Lovers Leap' is a spectacular waterfall set among tea plantations a short walk from the town of Nuwara Eliya. It falls a height of 30m in a long cascading sheet of water. It is said that it is named after a young couple who decided to be bound together forever by jumping off the cliff to their demise.<ref>{{cite web|title=Nuwara Eliya|url=https://lonelyplanet.com/sri-lanka/nuwara-eliya/attractions/lovers-leap/a/poi-sig/1395281/357478|website=lonelyplanet.com|publisher=Lonely Planet|access-date=11 May 2017}}</ref>

==Other places==
[[File:Hanuman temple Nurawa Eliya.jpg|thumb|150px|A temple to [[Hanuman]] near Nuwara Eliya]]
A gravestone of Major Thomas William Rogers, (the [[Government Agent (Sri Lanka)|Government Agent]] for [[Badulla District]]) is in the corner of the golf grounds. He is infamous for having shot, at the very lowest estimate 1,400 wild [[Sri Lankan elephant|elephant]]s.<ref name="gb">{{cite book|title=Twentieth Century Impressions of Ceylon: Its History, People, Commerce, Industries, and Resources|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=eUF_rS8FEoIC&q=st+mark+church+badulla&pg=PA852|year=1907|pages=851–852|first=Arnold|last=Wright|publisher=Asian Educational Services, 1907|isbn=9788120613355|location=London}}</ref> Folklore in Nuwara Eliya says that every year his gravestone is struck by lightning for his great sin. This place is not open for visitors.

Another place related to folklore is the Hindu temple called [[Seetha Amman Temple|Seetha Kovil]] (Hanuman Kovil). It is found on the way to Badulla from Nuwara Eliya before reaching the [[Hakgala Botanical Garden]]. The temple is in the village called Seetha Eliya. The area is related to the [[Ramayana]] story in Hinduism. Folklore says that the mighty king [[Ravana]] kidnapped princess Seeta who was the queen of [[Rama]] and hid her where the temple now is.

There is a church called the [[Holy Trinity Church, Nuwara Eliya|Holy Trinity Church]] on Church Road, which accommodates an old graveyard. Most of the gravestones have British names on them.

== Transportation ==
[[File:Nuwara eliya road.jpg|thumb|Peradeniya Nuwaraeliya road]]

The nearest train station is in [[Nanu Oya (town)|Nanu Oya]], about 8 km away. Scheduled air taxi from [[Lake Gregory Waterdrome]] links Nuwara Eliya to [[Colombo]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.colombopage.com/archive_11/Apr10_1302417716CH.php |title=Nuwara Eliya new air link to Colombo |access-date=2011-04-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171229231639/http://www.colombopage.com/archive_11/Apr10_1302417716CH.php |archive-date=2017-12-29 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Sister cities==

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Country
! City
! State / Region
! Since
|-
|{{flagicon|People's Republic of China}} [[China]]
| [[Yongzhou]]<ref>{{Citation
|last = Rajaratnam
|first = P.
|title = Nuwara Eliya strengthens ties with Chinese Yongzhou city
|work = Daily News
|date = September 24, 2009
|url = http://www.dailynews.lk/2009/09/24/news31.asp
|access-date = 6 September 2010
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20110605010102/http://www.dailynews.lk/2009/09/24/news31.asp
|archive-date = 5 June 2011
}}</ref>
| [[Hunan]]
| 2009
|-
| {{flagicon|Japan}} [[Japan]]
| [[Uji, Kyoto|Uji]]<ref>{{Citation
| title=International Exchange: List of Sister Cities
| url=http://www.pref.kyoto.jp/en/01-04-03.html
}}</ref>
| [[Kyoto]]
| 1986
|-
| {{flag|Russia}}
| [[Vidnoye]]
| [[Moscow Oblast]]
|
|}

==See also==
* [[List of cities in Sri Lanka]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Commons category|Nuwara Eliya}}
{{wikivoyage|Nuwara Eliya}}

{{Nuwara Eliya |state=collapsed}}
{{Municipalities and Urban areas of Sri Lanka}}
{{Central Province, Sri Lanka topics|state=collapsed}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Nuwara Eliya| ]]
[[Category:Populated places in Nuwara Eliya District]]
[[Category:Places in the Ramayana]]

Nuwara Eliya - Revision history

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