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{{Short description|People of Indian birth or origin who reside in Saudi Arabia}}
{{distinguish|Indian Saudis}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2017}}
{{More citations needed|date=August 2017}}
{{Infobox ethnic group
| flag = [[File:Flag of India.svg|border|250px]]
| group = Indians in Saudi Arabia
| population = '''4,100,000'''<ref name="huffingtonpost"/><ref name="TOI"/> '''~13.22% of Saudi Arabia's population''' (2017)
| genealogy =
| regions = [[Riyadh]], [[Jeddah]], [[Dammam]], [[Jubail]], [[Jizan]]
| languages = [[Malayalam]]{{•}}[[Telugu language|Telugu]]{{•}}[[Hyderabadi Urdu]]{{•}}[[Hindi]]{{•}}[[Kannada]]{{•}}[[Tulu language|Tulu]]{{•}}[[Marathi language|Marathi]]{{•}}[[Urdu]]{{•}}[[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]]{{•}}[[Tamil language|Tamil]]{{•}}[[Gujarati language|Gujarati]]
| religions = Majority: [[Islam]] Minority: [[Hinduism]]{{•}}[[Sikhism]]{{•}}[[Jainism]]{{•}}[[Zoroastrianism]]{{•}}[[Buddhism]]{{•}}[[Christianity]]
| related_groups = [[Indian diaspora]] [[Indian Saudis]]
| footnotes =
| native_name = {{native name|ar|الهنود في السعودية}} {{native name|hi|सऊदी अरब में भारतीय}} {{native name|ur|{{Nastaliq|سعودی عرب میں ہندوستانی}}}} {{native name|ml|സൗദി അറേബ്യയിലെ ഇന്ത്യക്കാർ}} {{native name|te|సౌదీ అరేబియాలో భారతీయులు}} {{native name|kn|ಸೌದಿ ಅರೇಬಿಯಾದಲ್ಲಿರುವ ಭಾರತೀಯರು}} {{native name|ta|சவுதி அரேபியாவில் உள்ள இந்தியர்கள்}} {{native name|mr|सौदी अरेबियातील भारतीय}}
| native_name_lang =
}}

'''Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) in Saudi Arabia''' ({{Lang-hi|सऊदी अरब में भारतीय|Saūdī Araba meṃ Bhāratīya}}; {{lang-ar|الهنود في السعودية|translit=al-Hunūd fī as-Saʿūdīyah|lit=}}) are the largest community of [[Foreign workers in Saudi Arabia|expatriates in the country]], most of them coming from the [[States and union territories of India|states]] of [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Karnataka]], [[Kerala]], [[Maharashtra]], [[Tamil Nadu]], [[Telangana]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2016-04-01|title=Indian diaspora in Saudi Arabia remains connected to its roots|url=https://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/904241|access-date=2021-11-15|website=Arab News|language=en}}</ref> and most recently, [[Bihar]], [[Purvanchal]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Roche|first=Elizabeth|date=2017-01-23|title=UP, Bihar sending more migrant labourers to Gulf than Kerala, Tamil Nadu|url=https://www.livemint.com/Politics/M6oY3mT1s533PaWO6VOaSP/UP-Bihar-pip-Kerala-Tamil-Nadu-in-bluecollar-job-rush-to.html|access-date=2021-11-20|website=mint|language=en}}</ref> and [[Gujarat]].<ref>{{Cite web|author=Ashish Chauhan|date=May 18, 2020|title=Gujaratis stranded in Saudi Arabia cry for help {{!}} Ahmedabad News - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ahmedabad/gujaratis-stranded-in-saudi-cry-for-help/articleshow/75795443.cms|access-date=2021-11-20|website=The Times of India|language=en}}</ref>
==Overview==
Indians as migrant workers first began to arrive in modern-day [[Saudi Arabia]] in relatively small number from the [[British Raj]] soon after the [[History of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia|discovery of oil]] in 1938,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Errichiello|first=Gennaro|date=2012|title=Foreign Workforce in the Arab Gulf States (1930—1950): Migration Patterns and Nationality Clause|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/23279471|journal=International Migration Review|volume=46|issue=2|pages=389–413|doi=10.1111/j.1747-7379.2012.00891.x|jstor=23279471|s2cid=143142494|issn=0197-9183}}</ref> but had their migration skyrocketed exponentially after the [[1973 oil crisis|1973 energy crisis]] and subsequent [[1970s energy crisis|oil boom]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=India-Gulf Migration: A Testing Time|url=https://www.mei.edu/publications/india-gulf-migration-testing-time|access-date=2021-11-16|website=Middle East Institute|language=en}}</ref> However, migration to Saudi Arabia dropped dramatically after reaching its peak in 2014<ref name=":0" /> due to the introduction of [[Nitaqat]] scheme in 2011,<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Peck|first=Jennifer R.|date=2017|title=Can Hiring Quotas Work? The Effect of the Nitaqat Program on the Saudi Private Sector|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/26156408|journal=American Economic Journal: Economic Policy|volume=9|issue=2|pages=316–347|doi=10.1257/pol.20150271|jstor=26156408|issn=1945-7731}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Saudi's Nitaqat Law: Trouble for Indian Expats?|url=https://thediplomat.com/2013/04/saudis-nitaqat-law-trouble-for-indian-expats/|access-date=2021-11-17|website=thediplomat.com|language=en-US}}</ref> acceleration of [[2010s oil glut]] by early 2016 and the launch of [[Saudi Vision 2030]].

==History==
India and Saudi Arabia signed an agreement to manage and organize the recruitment of domestic workers in January 2014. Between then and April 2016, 500,000 Indians moved to Saudi Arabia for employment. The agreement includes a provision which stipulates that sponsors must pay a guarantee of US $2,500 for each Indian worker they recruit.<ref name="ArabNews1">{{cite web|title=500K Indian workers arrive in 16 months|url=http://www.arabnews.com/saudi-arabia/news/742886|website=Arab News|date=6 May 2015|access-date=28 April 2016}}</ref>

==Demographics==
The following table shows the estimated population of Indians in Saudi Arabia since 1975.

{| class="wikitable"
!Year
!Population
|-
|1975
|34,500<ref name="indiandiaspora">{{cite web|title=Report of the High Level Committee on the Indian Diaspo|url=http://indiandiaspora.nic.in/diasporapdf/chapter3.pdf|website=indiandiaspora.nic.in|access-date=28 April 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303175534/http://indiandiaspora.nic.in/diasporapdf/chapter3.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|1979
|100,000<ref name="indiandiaspora"/>
|-
|1983
|270,000<ref name="indiandiaspora"/>
|-
|1987
|380,000<ref name="indiandiaspora"/>
|-
|1991
|351,000<ref name="indiandiaspora"/>
|-
|1999
|700,000<ref name="indiandiaspora"/>
|-
|2000
|1,000,000<ref name="indiandiaspora"/>
|-
|2004
|1,300,000<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.un.org/esa/population/meetings/EGM_Ittmig_Arab/P02_Kapiszewski.pdf |title=Arab versus Asian migrant workers in the GCC countries |page=10 }}</ref>
|-
|2015
|3,000,000<ref name="ArabNews1"/><ref name="ndtv2">{{Cite web|url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/pm-modis-saudi-agenda-big-on-oil-and-indian-workers-1309830|title=PM Modi's Saudi Agenda Big On Oil And Indian Workers|access-date=2016-04-02|publisher=NDTV}}</ref>
|-
|2017
|4,100,000<ref name="huffingtonpost">{{cite web|url=http://www.huffingtonpost.in/2017/06/21/how-saudi-arabias-family-tax-is-forcing-indians-to-return-hom_a_22494498/|title=How Saudi Arabia's 'Family Tax' Is Forcing Indians To Return Home|work=The Huffington Post|date=21 June 2017|access-date=21 June 2017}}</ref><ref name="TOI">{{cite web|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/nri/middle-east-news/indians-brace-for-saudi-family-tax/articleshow/59243550.cms|title=Indians brace for Saudi 'family tax'|publisher=Times of India|access-date=21 June 2017}}</ref>
|}

==Education==
Indian curriculum schools in Saudi Arabia include:

=== Dammam ===
* [[International Indian School, Dammam]]

=== Riyadh ===
* [[International Indian School, Riyadh]]
* [[New Middle East International School, Riyadh|New Middle East International School]], Riyadh
*International Indian Public School, Riyadh
* Al-Yasmin International School, [[Riyadh]]
*[[Al Alia International Indian School]]
*[[Yara International School]]<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-04-06|title=New evaluation system to benefit Indian students|url=https://www.arabnews.com/node/341553|access-date=2022-01-22|website=Arab News|language=en}}</ref>

=== Jeddah ===
* Talal International School, [[Jeddah]]
* [[International Indian School Jeddah]]

=== Buraidah ===
* International Indian School Buraidah

=== Jubail ===

* International Indian School, Al-Jubail

==Notable Indian Saudi Arabians==
*[[Abdulbasit Hindi]], Saudi Arabian footballer of distant Indian origin
*Awaiz Patni, Group CFO - Bugshan Investment

==See also==
* [[Indian Saudis]]
*[[India – Saudi Arabia relations]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Immigration to Saudi Arabia}}
{{Demographics of Saudi Arabia}}
{{NRI-PIO}}

[[Category:Ethnic groups in Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora by country|Saudi Arabia]]
[[Category:Saudi Arabian people of Indian descent| ]]
[[Category:India–Saudi Arabia relations]]
[[Category:Indian diaspora]]
[[Category:Ethnic groups in the Middle East]]

{{India-stub}}
{{Saudi Arabia-stub}}

Non-Resident Indians in Saudi Arabia - Revision history

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