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{{Short description|Bilateral treaty between India and Pakistan}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}
{{EngvarB|date=October 2019}}
{{Infobox treaty
| name =Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement
| long_name =Agreement Between India and Pakistan on the Prohibition of Attack against Nuclear Installations and Facilities
| rep = 
| image =Flags of India and Pakistan.jpg
| image_width =300px
| image_alt = 
| caption = Flags of India and Pakistan, 2012
|
| type =[[Strategic nuclear weapon|Strategic]] [[Nuclear disarmament|Nuclear reduction]], control and avoidance of subsequent [[nuclear conflict]]s
| context =[[Cold war]]
|
| date_drafted = 30 November 1988 (1988-11-30)
| date_signed ={{Start date and age|df=yes|1988|12|21}}
| location_signed =[[Islamabad]], [[Pakistan]]
| date_sealed =
| date_effective =1 January 1991
| condition_effective =Ratification of both parties
| date_expiration =Agreement is still in effect
| date_expiry = 
| mediators =Science ministries of [[Ministry of Science and Technology (India)|India]] and [[Ministry of Science and Technology (Pakistan)|Pakistan]]
| negotiators =Foreign ministries of [[Ministry of External Affairs (India)|India]] and [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Pakistan)|Pakistan]]
| signatories =[[Rajiv Gandhi]] ([[Prime Minister of India]]) [[Benazir Bhutto]] ([[Prime Minister of Pakistan]])

| parties ={{IND}} {{PAK}}
| ratifiers = [[Parliament of India]] [[Parliament of Pakistan]]
| depositor =Governments of [[Pakistan Government|Pakistan]] and [[Government of India|India]]
| depositories = 
|
| language =
|
| languages = * [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
*[[Urdu language|Urdu]]
* [[English language|English]]

| wikisource = 
| wikisource1 = 
}}
The '''Non-nuclear aggression agreement''' is a bilateral and nuclear weapons control treaty between the two South Asian states, India and Pakistan, on the reduction (or limitation) of nuclear arms and pledged not to attack or assist foreign powers to attack on each's nuclear installations and facilities.<ref name="Published by Nuclear Threat Initiatives (NTI)">{{cite web|last=Public Domain|title=India-Pakistan Non-Attack Agreement|url=https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:H0n_uzeOHP0J:cns.miis.edu/inventory/pdfs/indpak.pdf+1988+india+pakistan+agreement&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiTq25eWZz1FmqqhIGEqCGEksr9-usWbcetlIMhw_XFXUoTTqee64F2KfB_D0P_pl1XO5OpWEA3o41YFgT2ngWHgxAXrbBQjjNd5nATcc91a0tr3SVlwGgS9imdkdViuosxo_5e&sig=AHIEtbReXTMmFBanvQ335tOri4H0JL1bTQ|url-status=live|work=Work of Governments of India and Pakistan|publisher=Published by Nuclear Threat Initiatives (NTI)|accessdate=14 February 2013}}</ref> The treaty was drafted in 1988, and signed by the [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Benazir Bhutto]] and her [[Indian Prime Minister|Indian]] counterpart, [[Rajiv Gandhi]] on 21 December 1988; it entered into force on January 1991.<ref name="Published by Nuclear Threat Initiatives (NTI)"/>

The treaty barred its signatories to carry out a surprise attack (or to assist foreign power to attack) on each other's nuclear installations and facilities. The treaty provides a [[Confidence and security-building measures|confidence-building security measure]] environment and refrained each party from "undertaking, encouraging, or participating in,directly or indirectly, any action aimed at causing destruction or damage to any nuclear installation or facility in each country".<ref name="Published by Nuclear Threat Initiatives (NTI)"/> Starting in January 1992, India and Pakistan have annually exchanged lists of their respective military and civilian nuclear-related facilities.<ref name="China nEws">{{cite news|last=Press|title=Pakistan, India swap nuclear sites lists|url=http://news.xinhuanet.com/english2010/world/2011-01/01/c_13673585.htm|accessdate=14 February 2013|newspaper=China nEws|date=2011-01-01}}</ref>

==Historical context==

In 1986-87, the massive exercise, [[Operation Brasstacks|''Brasstacks'']] was carried out by the [[Indian Army]], raising the fears of Indian attack on Pakistan's nuclear facilities.<ref>See: [[Operation Brasstacks]] of Indian Army</ref> Since then, the Foreign ministries of both countries had been negotiating to reach an understanding towards the control of nuclear weapons.<ref name="China nEws"/>

After the [[1988 Pakistani general election|1988 general elections]], [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime minister]] [[Benazir Bhutto]] extended the invitation of Indian [[Prime Minister of India|Prime Minister]] [[Rajiv Gandhi]].<ref name="Dawn News, 1999">{{cite news|last=Hassan|first=Akhtar|title=Declaration termed milestone: No concessions made at summit: FO|url=http://www.lib.virginia.edu/area-studies/SouthAsia/SAserials/Dawn/1999/27Feb99.html|accessdate=16 February 2013|newspaper=Dawn News, 1999|date=27 February 1999}}</ref> On 21 December 1988, Indian Prime Minister Rajiv Gandhi paid a [[state visit]] to Pakistan and met with Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto in [[Islamabad]].<ref name="Dawn News, 1999" /> Further discussion brought the negotiations to an end on 21 December 1988, in Islamabad, when Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto and Prime minister Rajiv Gandhi signed the "Non-Nuclear Attack Agreement". The treaty was ratified by the parliaments of [[Indian Parliament|India]] and [[Pakistan Parliament|Pakistan]] on ratified on 27 January 1991.<ref name="Published by Nuclear Threat Initiatives (NTI)" /> The first list of India and Pakistan's nuclear installations was swapped between two nations on 1 January 1992.<ref name="The Nation">{{cite news|last=Our Staff Reporter|title=Pakistan, India to swap nuclear sites lists today|url=http://www.nation.com.pk/pakistan-news-newspaper-daily-english-online/politics/01-Jan-2009/Pakistan-India-to-swap-nuclear-sites-lists-today|accessdate=16 February 2013|newspaper=The Nation|date=1 January 2009}}</ref><ref name=CNN>{{cite news|last=By the CNN Wire Staff|title=Pakistan, India swap lists of nuclear sites|url=http://www.cnn.com/2012/01/01/world/asia/pakistan-india-nuclear|accessdate=16 February 2013|newspaper=CNN|date= 1 January 2012}}</ref>

==Notes and references==
{{reflist}}

==Government sources==
*{{cite web|last=Public Domain|title=India-Pakistan Non-Attack Agreement|url=https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:H0n_uzeOHP0J:cns.miis.edu/inventory/pdfs/indpak.pdf+1988+india+pakistan+agreement&hl=en&gl=us&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESiTq25eWZz1FmqqhIGEqCGEksr9-usWbcetlIMhw_XFXUoTTqee64F2KfB_D0P_pl1XO5OpWEA3o41YFgT2ngWHgxAXrbBQjjNd5nATcc91a0tr3SVlwGgS9imdkdViuosxo_5e&sig=AHIEtbReXTMmFBanvQ335tOri4H0JL1bTQ|work=Work of Governments of India and Pakistan|publisher=Published by Nuclear Threat Initiatives (NTI)|accessdate=14 February 2013}}

{{Indo-Pakistani relations}}

[[Category:Arms control treaties]]
[[Category:Treaties of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Treaties of India]]
[[Category:Nuclear weapons governance]]
[[Category:India–Pakistan relations]]
[[Category:1988 in Pakistan]]
[[Category:1991 in India]]
[[Category:Cold War treaties]]
[[Category:Treaties concluded in 1988]]
[[Category:Treaties entered into force in 1991]]
[[Category:Government of Benazir Bhutto]]
[[Category:Rajiv Gandhi administration]]
[[Category:India–Pakistan treaties]]
[[Category:Nuclear technology treaties]]
[[Category:Nuclear history of Pakistan]]

Non-Nuclear Aggression Agreement - Revision history

imported>Zeex.rice: Spelling/grammar/punctuation/typographical correction