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{{Short description|18th-century poet and historian from Sialkot}}

'''Nizam al-Din 'Ishrat Sialkoti''' was an 18th-century historian, judge, [[Panegyric|panegyrist]], and a [[court poet]] of [[Ahmad Shah Durrani]], from [[Sialkot]], Punjab. He is best known for his ''Shāhnāma-yi Aḥmadiyya'', a versified history of the reign of Ahmad Shah Durrani imitating [[Ferdowsi]]'s ''Shāhnāma'', completed in around 1772/1773.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal |last=Khan |first=Timur |date=5 November 2025 |title=New Perspectives on Aḥmad Shāh Durrānī’s Encounter with the Qing Empire in the ''Shāhnāma-yi Aḥmadiyya'' |url=https://brill.com/view/journals/jesh/68/5-6/article-p417_1.xml |journal=Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient |volume=68 |issue=5–6 |pages=417–443 |doi=10.1163/15685209-12341648 |issn=0022-4995 |url-access= |doi-access=free}}</ref>

As his ''[[Nisba (onomastics)|nisbah]]'' indicates, Sialkoti hailed from the city of Sialkot. Prior to the reign of Ahmad Shah, Sialkoti was commissioned (possibly by [[Nader Shah]] himself)<ref name=":0" /> to write ''Shāhnāma-i Nādirī'' or ''Nādirnāma'', a poetic narration of the era of Nader Shah, presumably [[Nader Shah's invasion of India|during his invasion]] in 1738–9. It was completed in 1749.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Neelam |first=Khoja |url=https://www.proquest.com/openview/0bf071cf35c379cf4e290c9afa4c0979/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750&diss=y |title=Sovereignty, Space, and Identity: The Politics of Power in Eighteenth Century Punjab |date=2018 |publisher=Harvard University |pages=47-50 |chapter=Chapter One: “The Wrath of God on Earth” or “World Conqueror”?: Nadir Shah’s Annexation of Hindustani Territories |type=PhD thesis |url-access=subscription}}</ref><ref name=":0" /> During Ahmad Shah's invasion in 1756–7, he came from Sialkot and accompanied the Durrani ''[[shah]]'' after his return from [[Delhi]] till [[Kabul]]. Ahmad Shah, apparently impressed by his poetic talent, commissioned Sialkoti for a work for himself.<ref name=":0" /> Under Shah's orders material was supplied to Sialkoti by the official historiographer Mīrzā Maḥmūd, with which he retired to Sialkot.<ref name=":322">{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Ganda |author-link=Ganda Singh (historian) |url=https://www.google.com.pk/books/edition/Ahmad_Shah_Durrani/F_A8AAAAMAAJ?hl=en |title=Ahmad Shah Durrani: Father of Modern Afghanistan |date=1959 |publisher=Asia Publishing House |pages=333-334 |language=en |chapter=Ahmad Shah: The Man and His Achievements |oclc=1016251090 |url-access=registration}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite thesis |last=Nejatie |first=Sajjad |title=The Pearl of Pearls: The Abdālī-Durrānī Confederacy and Its Transformation under Aḥmad Shāh, Durr-i Durrān |date=2017 |degree=PhD |publisher=University of Toronto |url=https://utoronto.scholaris.ca/bitstreams/7e99ec97-9047-47af-a160-515a0b3dfe38/download |language=en |pages=67-69 |chapter=Chapter 1: Primary Sources for the Study of the Abdālī-Durrānī}}</ref>

In 1762 Sialkoti accompanied Nūr al-Dīn Khān Bāmīzay, the Afghan governor, to [[Kashmir Valley]] where he became a judicial officer.<ref name=":0" /> Sialkoti completed his ''Shāhnāma-yi Aḥmadiyya,'' a [[Mathnawi|''masnavi'']] of 614 pages, in the valley in 1772/3, concluding it with the death of Ahmad Shah and the accession of [[Timur Shah Durrani]].<ref name=":322" /> Sialkoti wrote another epic poem detailing campaigns of Ahmad Shah in [[Hindustan]] as well.<ref name=":1" /> The later biographical details of Sialkoti are unknown.<ref name=":2" />

In his works Sialkoti refers to himself with the exalted titles of “pride of Punjab” ''(fakhr-i Panjāb)'' and “honored of India” (''iʿzāz-i Hind'').<ref name=":0" /> His ''masnavi'' is notable for containing correspondence of Ahmad Shah with [[Qianlong Emperor]] of [[Qing China]] and Sultan [[Mustafa III]] of [[Ottoman Empire]].<ref name=":0" />

== See also ==

* [[Waqif Lahori]]
* [[Mirza Hasan Qatil]]
* [[Tarikh-i Ahmad Shahi|''Tarikh-i Ahmad Shahi'']]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:People from Sialkot]]
[[Category:18th-century historians]]
[[Category:Year of death missing]]

Nizam al-Din 'Ishrat Sialkoti - Revision history

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