Nittoor Srinivasa Rau - Revision history

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	<!--IMAGE NOT FOUND [[Image:Nittoor Srinivasa Rao.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|'''Nittoor Srinivasa Rao'''<br> {{Birthdate\|df=yes\|1903\|8\|24}} –<br> {{death date and age\|df=yes\|2004\|8\|12\|1903\|8\|24}}]]-->		<!--IMAGE NOT FOUND [[Image:Nittoor Srinivasa Rao.jpg\|200px\|right\|thumb\|'''Nittoor Srinivasa Rao'''<br> {{Birthdate\|df=yes\|1903\|8\|24}} –<br> {{death date and age\|df=yes\|2004\|8\|12\|1903\|8\|24}}]]-->
	'''Nittoor Srinivasa Rao''' or '''Nittur Srinivasa Rao''' (24 August 1903 – 12 August 2004)<ref name="dh"/> was a [[Gandhism\|Gandhian]] who participated in the [[Indian independence movement]]. He was the [[Chief Justice]] of the [[Karnataka High Court\|High Court]] of [[Mysore State]] (now Karnataka) and also the first chief of the [[Central Vigilance Commission]] of [[India]].<ref name="vig">{{cite news\|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/08/13/stories/2004081308100500.htm\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041223030252/http://www.hindu.com/2004/08/13/stories/2004081308100500.htm\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=23 December 2004\|author=A Jayaram\|title=A friend who will be missed by everyone\|accessdate=3 September 2007\|location=Chennai, India\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=13 August 2004}}</ref> He was also chosen as the acting Governor of the Mysore state and was the first person to translate [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s autobiography to the [[Kannada language]].<ref name="vig"/><ref name="cen">{{cite web\|url=http://www.isec.ac.in/newsletter2004-2.pdf\|author=Gopal K Kadekodi\|work=Online webpage of the Institute of Social and Economic Change, Bangalore\|title=Obituary – Nittoor Srinivas Rau\|accessdate=3 September 2007\|~~format~~=~~PDF~~}}</ref>		'''Nittoor Srinivasa Rao''' or '''Nittur Srinivasa Rao''' (24 August 1903 – 12 August 2004)<ref name="dh"/> was a [[Gandhism\|Gandhian]] who participated in the [[Indian independence movement]]. He was the [[Chief Justice]] of the [[Karnataka High Court\|High Court]] of [[Mysore State]] (now Karnataka) and also the first chief of the [[Central Vigilance Commission]] of [[India]].<ref name="vig">{{cite news\|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/08/13/stories/2004081308100500.htm\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041223030252/http://www.hindu.com/2004/08/13/stories/2004081308100500.htm\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=23 December 2004\|author=A Jayaram\|title=A friend who will be missed by everyone\|accessdate=3 September 2007\|location=Chennai, India\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=13 August 2004}}</ref> He was also chosen as the acting Governor of the Mysore state and was the first person to translate [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s autobiography to the [[Kannada language]].<ref name="vig"/><ref name="cen">{{cite web\|url=http://www.isec.ac.in/newsletter2004-2.pdf\|author=Gopal K Kadekodi\|work=Online webpage of the Institute of Social and Economic Change, Bangalore\|title=Obituary – Nittoor Srinivas Rau\|accessdate=3 September 2007}}{{Dead link\|date=December 2021}}</ref>

	==Early and personal life==		==Early and personal life==
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	===Literature===		===Literature===
	Nittoor Srinivasa Rau became a member of the [[Kannada Sahitya Parishat]] in 1922. When he realized the need of a publication to publish Kannada books, he started his own publishing house called ''Satyashodhana Prakatana Mandira'' (Satyashodhana Publication House) and an associated book store called ''Satyashodhana Pustaka Mandira''.<ref name="dh"/> One of the important books published by him was ''Bala Prapancha'', a collection of stories for children written by the renowned [[Shivaram Karanth]]. He also published the works of [[C. K. Venkataramaiya]], [[Kuvempu]], [[Gorur Ramaswamy Iyengar]] and [[G. P. Rajarathnam]]. Srinivasa Rau was also influenced by the Kannada writer, [[D. V. Gundappa]] and joined his social institute, ''[[The Gokhale Institute of Public Affairs]]''. In 1975, he became an honorary secretary of the institute and continued in the post for sometime whereafter he bequeathed the post to eminent journalist, writer and social activist [[S. R. Ramaswamy]]. He also worked towards introducing Kannada as a medium of instruction in schools to educate a large population of students who may not know English.<ref name="edu">{{cite web\|title=As sharp as ever\|author=Mala Kumar\|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2002/09/30/stories/2002093001400100.htm\|work=Online Edition of The Hindu, dated 30 September 2002\|accessdate=3 September 2007}}</ref>		Nittoor Srinivasa Rau became a member of the [[Kannada Sahitya Parishat]] in 1922. When he realized the need of a publication to publish Kannada books, he started his own publishing house called ''Satyashodhana Prakatana Mandira'' (Satyashodhana Publication House) and an associated book store called ''Satyashodhana Pustaka Mandira''.<ref name="dh"/> One of the important books published by him was ''Bala Prapancha'', a collection of stories for children written by the renowned [[Shivaram Karanth]]. He also published the works of [[C. K. Venkataramaiya]], [[Kuvempu]], [[Gorur Ramaswamy Iyengar]] and [[G. P. Rajarathnam]]. Srinivasa Rau was also influenced by the Kannada writer, [[D. V. Gundappa]] and joined his social institute, ''[[The Gokhale Institute of Public Affairs]]''. In 1975, he became an honorary secretary of the institute and continued in the post for sometime whereafter he bequeathed the post to eminent journalist, writer and social activist [[S. R. Ramaswamy]]. He also worked towards introducing Kannada as a medium of instruction in schools to educate a large population of students who may not know English.<ref name="edu">{{cite web\|title=As sharp as ever\|author=Mala Kumar\|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2002/09/30/stories/2002093001400100.htm\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20021119233432/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2002/09/30/stories/2002093001400100.htm\|url-status=usurped\|archive-date=19 November 2002\|work=Online Edition of The Hindu, dated 30 September 2002\|accessdate=3 September 2007}}</ref>

	==Later years==		==Later years==
	Even in his later years, Nittoor Srinivasa Rau continued to take interests in the activities of the Gokhale institute. The [[Government of Karnataka]] honoured him by naming one of the prominent roads in Bangalore after his name. In 2002, he was also felicitated by the Government for his contribution in the field of literature and promotion of human values.<ref name="awa">{{cite news\|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-04-18/bangalore/27142139_1_bharatiya-vidya-bhavan-krishna-intellectuals\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018025301/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-04-18/bangalore/27142139_1_bharatiya-vidya-bhavan-krishna-intellectuals\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=18 October 2012\|title=		Even in his later years, Nittoor Srinivasa Rau continued to take interests in the activities of the Gokhale institute. The [[Government of Karnataka]] honoured him by naming one of the prominent roads in Bangalore after his name. In 2002, he was also felicitated by the Government for his contribution in the field of literature and promotion of human values.<ref name="awa">{{cite news\|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-04-18/bangalore/27142139_1_bharatiya-vidya-bhavan-krishna-intellectuals\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018025301/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-04-18/bangalore/27142139_1_bharatiya-vidya-bhavan-krishna-intellectuals\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=18 October 2012\|title=Intellectuals must lead the way: CM\|accessdate=3 September 2007\|work=[[The Times of India]]\|date=18 April 2002}}</ref> He joined the Senior Citizen's Club in Bangalore, which was a forum started to look at the welfare of senior citizens.<ref name="sen">{{cite news\|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-09-15/bangalore/27320680_1_age-blues-world-elders-day-older-persons\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126041146/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-09-15/bangalore/27320680_1_age-blues-world-elders-day-older-persons\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=26 January 2013\|title=Greying and over the edge\|author=Meera John\|accessdate=4 September 2007\|work=[[The Times of India]]\|date=15 September 2002}}</ref> He was also interested in music, and was the President of the Percussive Arts Centre in Bangalore which was an organisation started to promote [[percussion\|percussive arts]].<ref name="per">{{cite web\|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Deccanherald/aug242004/spt9.asp\|title= Remembering Nittoor\|accessdate=17 May 2014}}</ref> He passed 100 years in 2003, and died on 12 August 2004, 12 days short of his 101st birthday .
	Intellectuals must lead the way: CM\|accessdate=3 September 2007\|work=[[The Times of India]]\|date=18 April 2002}}</ref> He joined the Senior Citizen's Club in Bangalore, which was a forum started to look at the welfare of senior citizens.<ref name="sen">{{cite news\|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-09-15/bangalore/27320680_1_age-blues-world-elders-day-older-persons\|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126041146/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-09-15/bangalore/27320680_1_age-blues-world-elders-day-older-persons\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=26 January 2013\|title=Greying and over the edge\|author=Meera John\|accessdate=4 September 2007\|work=[[The Times of India]]\|date=15 September 2002}}</ref> He was also interested in music, and was the President of the Percussive Arts Centre in Bangalore which was an organisation started to promote [[percussion\|percussive arts]].<ref name="per">{{cite web\|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Deccanherald/aug242004/spt9.asp\|title= Remembering Nittoor\|accessdate=17 May 2014}}</ref> He passed 100 years in 2003, and died on 12 August 2004, 12 days short of his 101st birthday .

	== See also ==		== See also ==

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{{Infobox person
| name = Nittoor Srineevasa Rau
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1903|08|24}}
| death_date = {{Death date and age|2004|08|12|1903|08|24}}
| alma_mater = [[BSc - University of Mysore and BL -University of Madras]]
| spouse = Padmamma
| module = {{Infobox officeholder |embed = yes | office = Chief Justice of [[Mysore High Court]] | term = 29 March 1962 – 7 August 1963}}
}}

{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}

'''Nittoor Srinivasa Rao''' or '''Nittur Srinivasa Rao''' (24 August 1903 – 12 August 2004)<ref name="dh"/> was a [[Gandhism|Gandhian]] who participated in the [[Indian independence movement]]. He was the [[Chief Justice]] of the [[Karnataka High Court|High Court]] of [[Mysore State]] (now Karnataka) and also the first chief of the [[Central Vigilance Commission]] of [[India]].<ref name="vig">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/08/13/stories/2004081308100500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041223030252/http://www.hindu.com/2004/08/13/stories/2004081308100500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=23 December 2004|author=A Jayaram|title=A friend who will be missed by everyone|accessdate=3 September 2007|location=Chennai, India|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=13 August 2004}}</ref> He was also chosen as the acting Governor of the Mysore state and was the first person to translate [[Mahatma Gandhi]]'s autobiography to the [[Kannada language]].<ref name="vig"/><ref name="cen">{{cite web|url=http://www.isec.ac.in/newsletter2004-2.pdf|author=Gopal K Kadekodi|work=Online webpage of the Institute of Social and Economic Change, Bangalore|title=Obituary – Nittoor Srinivas Rau|accessdate=3 September 2007|format=PDF}}</ref>

==Early and personal life==
Nittoor Srinivasa Rau was born in [[Bangalore]] into an educated, middle-class [[Smartha]] [[Brahmin]] family of [[Kingdom of Mysore|Mysore state]]. His father, Nittoor Shamanna, was a school teacher and the head master of a school in [[Hosadurga]] in [[Chitradurga]] district. His mother, Seethamma, was the sister of M. N. Krishna Rao, a government official who, many decades later, would serve as acting [[List of Diwans of Mysore|Diwan of Mysore]] for a few months in 1941.<ref name="edu"/> Rau's family hailed from the village of Nittoor in [[Gubbi]] Taluka of [[Tumkur district]] (now in [[Karnataka]]), and his family was known by the name of their village in the usual [[south India]]n style.<ref name="dh">{{cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/Archives/aug242004/spt10.asp|title=The uncrowned visionary|author=Veena Bharathi|work=Online Edition of The Deccan Herald, dated 2004-08-24|accessdate=3 September 2007 |archiveurl = https://web.archive.org/web/20070929130257/http://www.deccanherald.com/Archives/aug242004/spt10.asp  |archivedate = 29 September 2007}}</ref> Rau's elder sister Puttamma was the mother of [[C.K.Nagaraja Rao]], a noted [[Kannada]] litterateur who was nurtured and mentored by Rau.

As per Indian tradition, Rau's parents arranged a suitable match for him, and he was married in 1923 at a very young age (he was twenty and his wife was fourteen) to his first cousin Padmamma, daughter of his maternal uncle M. N. Krishna Rao. The marriage, which was entirely harmonious and conventional and lasted all their lives, was blessed with four children, two sons and two daughters. The couple's elder son, N.S. Chandrasekhara, was a Senior Advocate, Littérateur and noted historian of [[Kingdom of Mysore|princely Mysore]]. Their second son, N.S. Subbanna, retired as corporate vice-president of the Kirloskar Electric Company, Bangalore. Rau named his elder daughter Jayaseetha in honour of his beloved mother (Seethamma) and of the then Maharaja of Mysore, [[Jayachamaraja Wodeyar]]. She was married, in a match arranged by Rau in the traditional Indian way, to Dr. Visvanatha Premanand, a gentleman of their own community and similar social background. Dr. Premanand, a physicist, took his PhD from the [[Sorbonne]] in France and is a professor at the [[University of Minnesota]].<ref>[http://www.normandale.edu/foundation/creating-futures-magazine/creating-futures-summer-2013/the-premanand-legacy]</ref> Rau's younger daughter, Lalita, worked as a teacher of the visually impaired for many years before she retired to spend time with her grandchildren. She was married to the world renowned physicist Prof. E.C.G.Sudarshan

==Education==
Rau did his initial schooling in [[Kannada]] medium schools at [[Hosadurga]], [[Challakere]] and [[Shimoga]] before enrolling in [[Central College, Bangalore]], affiliated at that time to [[Madras University]]. He graduated with a Bachelor of Science and joined National High School, Bangalore as a teacher of Science and Mathematics. After a few years, he went back to studies, enrolled in [[Dr. Ambedkar Government Law College, Chennai|Madras Law College]], and took the degree of [[Bachelor of Law]] in 1927.<ref name="dh"/>

==Public life==

===Law===
After completing his degree in law, Nittoor Srinivasa Rau returned to Bangalore and started his career as a lawyer. In 1952, he was chosen as the first chairman of the Mysore state Bar council.<ref name="vig"/> He was appointed as the [[Advocate General]] of the Mysore state by the Chief Minister, [[Kengal Hanumanthaiah]] in 1953. After the formation of the state of [[Karnataka]], he was appointed as the [[Chief Justice]] of the [[Karnataka High Court]] in 1961. When the Prime Minister of India, [[Jawaharlal Nehru]], started the [[Central Vigilance Commission]] of India in February 1964 to check corruption, he chose Nittoor Srinivasa Rau as the first Central Vigilance Commissioner of India.<ref name="vig"/>

===Freedom Movement===
When he turned 18, Nittoor Srinivasa Rau joined the [[Indian National Congress]]. In the 1930s and 1940s, he participated in the [[Indian independence movement]]. He worked for the Mysore state unit of the Congress and actively participated in the Civil Disobedience Movement.<ref name="free">{{cite news|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/bangalore-times/i-day-through-eyes-old-and-young/articleshow/131963.cms|title=I-Day, through eyes old and young|author=Geetha Rao|work=Online Edition of The Times of India, dated 15 August 2003|accessdate=3 September 2007|date=15 August 2003}}</ref> In 1932, he also ran the Congress state unit office in [[Dharwad]]. During the [[Quit India Movement]] of 1942, he provided shelter to Congress leaders such as [[Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay]], R. R. Diwakar, and [[Ullal Srinivas Mallya|U. S. Mallya]].

===Influence of Gandhi===
In the early 1920s, he was influenced by the principles of [[Mahatma Gandhi]], and when Gandhi visited Bangalore in 1927, Nittoor Srinivasa Rao took permission from him to translate his autobiography to Kannada. He and his wife assumed the title ''Ibbaru Kannadigaru'' and started translating the autobiography, which was then published in the form of a serial in the Kannada newspapers, ''Vishwa Karnataka'' and ''Lokmata''.<ref name="dh"/> He named the translation as ''Satyashodhana'' (In pursuit of truth). To promote the [[Gandhism|Gandhian]] principles, he became the president of ''Karnataka Gandhi Smaaraka Nidhi'' (Karnataka Gandhi Memorial Trust) and [[Gandhi Peace Foundation]]. He also started a [[khadi]] unit to promote the use of khadi.

===Literature===
Nittoor Srinivasa Rau became a member of the [[Kannada Sahitya Parishat]] in 1922. When he realized the need of a publication to publish Kannada books, he started his own publishing house called ''Satyashodhana Prakatana Mandira'' (Satyashodhana Publication House) and an associated book store called ''Satyashodhana Pustaka Mandira''.<ref name="dh"/> One of the important books published by him was ''Bala Prapancha'', a collection of stories for children written by the renowned [[Shivaram Karanth]]. He also published the works of [[C. K. Venkataramaiya]], [[Kuvempu]], [[Gorur Ramaswamy Iyengar]] and [[G. P. Rajarathnam]]. Srinivasa Rau was also influenced by the Kannada writer, [[D. V. Gundappa]] and joined his social institute, ''[[The Gokhale Institute of Public Affairs]]''. In 1975, he became an honorary secretary of the institute and continued in the post for sometime whereafter he bequeathed the post to eminent journalist, writer and social activist [[S. R. Ramaswamy]]. He also worked towards introducing Kannada as a medium of instruction in schools to educate a large population of students who may not know English.<ref name="edu">{{cite web|title=As sharp as ever|author=Mala Kumar|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2002/09/30/stories/2002093001400100.htm|work=Online Edition of The Hindu, dated 30 September 2002|accessdate=3 September 2007}}</ref>

==Later years==
Even in his later years, Nittoor Srinivasa Rau continued to take interests in the activities of the Gokhale institute. The [[Government of Karnataka]] honoured him by naming one of the prominent roads in Bangalore after his name. In 2002, he was also felicitated by the Government for his contribution in the field of literature and promotion of human values.<ref name="awa">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-04-18/bangalore/27142139_1_bharatiya-vidya-bhavan-krishna-intellectuals|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121018025301/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-04-18/bangalore/27142139_1_bharatiya-vidya-bhavan-krishna-intellectuals|url-status=dead|archive-date=18 October 2012|title=
Intellectuals must lead the way: CM|accessdate=3 September 2007|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=18 April 2002}}</ref> He joined the Senior Citizen's Club in Bangalore, which was a forum started to look at the welfare of senior citizens.<ref name="sen">{{cite news|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-09-15/bangalore/27320680_1_age-blues-world-elders-day-older-persons|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130126041146/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-09-15/bangalore/27320680_1_age-blues-world-elders-day-older-persons|url-status=dead|archive-date=26 January 2013|title=Greying and over the edge|author=Meera John|accessdate=4 September 2007|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=15 September 2002}}</ref> He was also interested in music, and was the President of the Percussive Arts Centre in Bangalore which was an organisation started to promote [[percussion|percussive arts]].<ref name="per">{{cite web|url=http://archive.deccanherald.com/Deccanherald/aug242004/spt9.asp|title= Remembering Nittoor|accessdate=17 May 2014}}</ref> He passed 100 years in 2003, and died on 12 August 2004, 12 days short of his 101st birthday .

== See also ==
* [[C.K.Nagaraja Rao]], Rao's nephew and mentee

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rau. Nittoor Srinivasa Rau}}
[[Category:1903 births]]
[[Category:2004 deaths]]
[[Category:Kannada-language writers]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Indian centenarians]]
[[Category:Men centenarians]]
[[Category:Politicians from Bangalore]]
[[Category:Chief Justices of the Karnataka High Court]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian judges]]
[[Category:Gandhians]]
[[Category:University of Madras alumni]]
[[Category:Indian National Congress politicians from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Karnataka politicians]]