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{{Short description|Indian human rights activist}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Nirjhari Sinha
| image =
| occupation = Physicist
| employer = [[Physical Research Laboratory]], [[Ahmedabad]]
| organization = [[Jan Sangharsh Manch]], [[Pravda Media Foundation]]
| known_for = Human rights activism
| spouse = [[Mukul Sinha]]
| children = [[Pratik Sinha]]
}}
'''Nirjhari Sinha''' is an Indian human rights activist who, with her husband [[Mukul Sinha]], founded [[Jan Sangharsh Manch]] (JSM).<ref name=":0" /> She is also director of [[Pravda Media Foundation]], the parent organization of the [[fact-checking]] website [[Alt News|AltNews]] run by her son [[Pratik Sinha]] and [[Mohammed Zubair (journalist)|Mohammed Zubair]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |last=Valiyamattam|first=Rositta Joseph |date=2022-12-17 |title=Crusader for Justice, Peace and Truth |url=https://www.thecitizen.in/life/crusader-for-justice-peace-and-truth-553013 |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=www.thecitizen.in |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=A Fact Checker Faces Threats, Criminal Cases For Drawing Attention To Hate Speech By Hindu Extremists — Article 14 |url=https://article-14.com/post/a-fact-checker-faces-threats-criminal-cases-for-drawing-attention-to-hate-speech-by-hindu-extremists-62a2abc1e66e0 |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=article-14.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=The ability to authenticate information should be a life skill: Pratik Sinha |url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/my-kolkata/news/the-ability-to-authenticate-information-should-be-a-life-skill-says-alt-news-co-founder-and-fact-checker-pratik-sinha/cid/1858281 |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=www.telegraphindia.com}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Raj |first=Suhasini |date=2022-09-22 |title=In India, Debunking Fake News and Running Into the Authorities |language=en-US |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2022/09/22/world/asia/india-debunking-fake-news.html |access-date=2023-03-03 |issn=0362-4331}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-07-02 |title=Bengaluru techie to ace fact-checker: Alt News co-founder Zubair |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/bengaluru-techie-ace-fact-checker-alt-news-co-founder-zubair-165483 |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=The News Minute |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Factchecks And Balances In The Age Of Fake News |url=https://www.forbesindia.com/article/real-issue/factchecks-and-balances-in-the-age-of-fake-news/52987/1 |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=Forbes India |language=en}}</ref>

==Jan Sangharsh Manch==
Working under the banner of JSM, Sinha has been fighting for justice for the poor and marginalized including laborers, workers, women and minorities in the state of [[Gujarat]] for several decades. Sinha is involved in trade union activities and has worked with Gujarat Mazdoor Sabha and the Gujarat Federation of Trade Unions. She has worked for communal harmony, and protested against [[Prevention of Terrorism Act, 2002|Prevention of Terrorism Act]] (POTA). She is the chair of JSM at present.<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |date=2010-08-26 |title=Planned by the state |url=https://frontline.thehindu.com/cover-story/article30181441.ece |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=frontline.thehindu.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-03-11 |title=Explained: Gujarat High Court's guidelines to end menstruation taboo, discriminatory practices |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/gujarat-high-court-guidelines-to-end-menstruation-taboo-discriminatory-practices-explained-7223624/ |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-20 |title=CAA protests: Lathicharge in Ahmedabad, partial shutdown in Vadodara |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/cities/ahmedabad/caa-protests-lathicharge-in-ahmedabad-partial-shutdown-in-vadodara-6175708/ |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Johari |first=Aarefa |title='Police was definitely involved, but got away': Survivors and activists rue Gulberg verdict |url=http://scroll.in/article/809232/police-was-definitely-involved-but-got-away-survivors-and-activists-rue-gulberg-verdict |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=Scroll.in |date=2 June 2016 |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2018-04-02 |title=Violent protests by India's lowest-caste Dalit against law changes leave at least 7 dead |url=https://www.straitstimes.com/asia/south-asia/violent-protests-by-indias-low-caste-dalit-against-law-changes-leave-at-least-7-dead |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=www.straitstimes.com |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-16 |title=CAA protest: IIM-Ahmedabad prof roughed up by police |url=https://www.deccanherald.com/national/west/caa-protest-iim-ahmedabad-prof-roughed-up-by-police-786045.html |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=Deccan Herald |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=To Be a Dalit Woman in Gujarat: An Unending Tale of Fear and Humiliation |url=https://thewire.in/rights/to-be-a-dalit-woman-in-gujarat-a-tale-of-fear-and-humiliation |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=The Wire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2019-12-18 |title=Voices outside Sabarmati Ashram on new citizenship law: 'It is against the spirit of Indian Constitution' |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/voices-outside-sabarmati-ashram-on-new-citizenship-law-it-is-against-the-spirit-of-indian-constitution-6172807/ |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref>

==2002 Gujarat riots and subsequent police encounters==
Sinha took voluntary retirement from her employment at [[Physical Research Laboratory]] (PRL) in [[Ahmedabad]] in 2008 to fight on the behalf of victims of [[2002 Gujarat riots]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2014-05-13 |title=Mukul Sinha, who fought for 2002 riot victims, succumbs to cancer |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-others/mukul-sinha-who-fought-for-2002-riot-victims-succumbs-to-cancer/ |access-date=2023-03-08 |website=The Indian Express |language=en}}</ref> Her analysis of phone call records pertaining to the riots was instrumental in conviction of former Gujarat Minister and [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] leader [[Maya Kodnani]]. She also analyzed phone call records pertaining to encounter killings in Gujarat.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Activists trash Nanavati report giving clean chit to Modi |url=https://www.theweek.in/news/india/2019/12/11/activists-trash-nanavati-report-giving-clean-chit-to-modi.html |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=The Week |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=For Naroda Riots Victims in Gujarat, Justice Remains an Elusive Dream |url=https://thewire.in/communalism/naroda-riot |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=The Wire}}</ref><ref>{{Cite magazine |date=2019-11-27 |title=Blood and Soil in Narendra Modi's India |url=https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2019/12/09/blood-and-soil-in-narendra-modis-india |access-date=2023-03-03 |magazine=The New Yorker |language=en-US}}</ref>

==Chalo Una protest march and founding of AltNews==
Sinha played a role in organizing the "Chalo Una" protest march from Ahmedabad to Una in the aftermath of [[2016 Una flogging incident|assault on a Dalit family in Una]]. She participated in the 10-day march along with Pratik. Their experience during this march provided impetus to founding of AltNews.<ref name=":0" />

==Politics==
Sinha opposes the right-wing policies of [[Narendra Modi]]. She is sympathetic to leftist ideologies.<ref>{{Cite web |title=7th AIPWA National Conference in Patna |url=https://cpiml.org/first-page-category/women/7th-aipwa-national-conference-in-patna-2/ |access-date=2023-03-04 |website=Communist Party of India (Marxist-Leninist) |language=en-US |archive-date=2023-03-04 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230304193926/https://cpiml.org/first-page-category/women/7th-aipwa-national-conference-in-patna-2/ |url-status=dead }}</ref> Her husband had founded a socialist party.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Man who 'saves the poor's houses' |url=http://archive.indianexpress.com/news/man-who--saves-the-poor-s-houses-/1046361/2}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Shahpur Election Result. |url=https://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/AE2007/AC2007_070.pdf |access-date=2023-03-08 |archive-date=2016-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022023418/https://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/AE2007/AC2007_070.pdf |url-status=dead }}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Election to the Gujarat Legislative from the 55-Sabarmati Constituency. |url=https://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Form20_2012/AC055.PDF |access-date=2023-03-08 |archive-date=2016-10-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161022023208/https://ceo.gujarat.gov.in/download/Form20_2012/AC055.PDF |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Academic career==
Sinha is a physicist by training and worked as a scientist at the PRL for many years.<ref>{{Cite web |first=Chandan |last=Gowda |date=March 13, 2018 |title=The fight against fake news |url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/opinion/views/the-fight-against-fake-news/articleshow/63275168.cms |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=Bangalore Mirror |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mere facts whispering will not do justice |url=https://www.milligazette.com/news/16-rejoinders-letters-to-the-editor/4576-mere-facts-whispering-will-not-do-justice-indian-muslims-news/ |access-date=2023-03-03 |website=The Milli Gazette — Indian Muslims Leading News Source |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=India) |first=Physical Research Laboratory (Ahmadābād |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=JOMWAQAAMAAJ |title=Annual Report |date=1994 |language=en}}</ref>

==Scientific papers==
Nuclear track studies of the SNC meteorite ALH 84001. Sinha, N. & Goswami, J. N. Journal: Meteoritics (ISSN 0026-1114), vol. 29, no. 4, p. 534.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=1994Metic..29R.534S Page 534 |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1994Metic..29R.534S |access-date=2023-03-09 |journal=Meteoritics|bibcode=1994Metic..29R.534S |last1=Sinha |first1=N. |last2=Goswami |first2=J. N. |year=1994 |volume=29 |issue=4 |page=534 }}</ref>

Solar cosmic ray produced nuclides in the Salem meteorite. Nishiizumi, K., Nagai, H., Imamura, M., Honda, M., Kobayashi, K., Kubik, P. W. Journal''':''' Meteoritics, Vol. 25, p. 392.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=1990Metic..25R.392N Page 392 |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1990Metic..25R.392N |access-date=2023-03-09 |journal=Meteoritics|bibcode=1990Metic..25R.392N |last1=Nishiizumi |first1=K. |last2=Nagai |first2=H. |last3=Imamura |first3=M. |last4=Honda |first4=M. |last5=Kobayashi |first5=K. |last6=Kubik |first6=P. W. |last7=Sharma |first7=P. |last8=Wieler |first8=R. |last9=Signer |first9=P. |last10=Goswami |first10=J. N. |last11=Sinha |first11=N. |last12=Reedy |first12=R. C. |last13=Arnold |first13=J. R. |year=1990 |volume=25 |page=392 }}</ref>

Nuclear tracks and light noble gases in Allan Hills 84001: Preatmospheric size, fall characteristics, cosmic-ray exposure duration and formation age. J. N. Goswami, N. Sinha, S. V. S. Murty, R. K. Mohapatra, C. J. Clement. Meteroritics & Planetary Science. Volume32, Issue1. January 1997. Pages 91–96.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=1997M&PS...32...91G Page 91 |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1997M&PS...32...91G |access-date=2023-03-09 |journal=Meteoritics and Planetary Science|bibcode=1997M&PS...32...91G |last1=Goswami |first1=J. N. |last2=Sinha |first2=N. |last3=Murty |first3=S. V. S. |last4=Mohapatra |first4=R. K. |last5=Clement |first5=C. J. |year=1997 |volume=32 |page=91 |doi=10.1111/j.1945-5100.1997.tb01244.x |s2cid=128757263 }}</ref>

Multiple fall of Pribram meteorites photographed. XII - Pre-atmospheric size of the Pribram meteorite based on studies of fossil cosmic ray tracks and spallation products. Bagolia, C., Bhandari, N., Sinha, N., Goswami, J. N., Lal, D., Lorin, J. C. Journal: Astronomical Institutes of Czechoslovakia, Bulletin, vol. 31, no. 1, 1980, p. 51-58.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bagolia |first1=C. |last2=Bhandari |first2=N. |last3=Sinha |first3=N. |last4=Goswami |first4=J. N. |last5=Lal |first5=D. |last6=Lorin |first6=J. C. |last7=Pellas |first7=P. |date=1980-01-01 |title=Multiple Fall of Příbram Meteorites Photographed. 12. Pre-atmospheric Size of the Příbram Meteorite Based on Studies of Fossil Cosmic Ray Tracks and Spallation Products |url=https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1980BAICz..31...51B |journal=Bulletin of the Astronomical Institutes of Czechoslovakia |volume=31 |pages=51 |bibcode=1980BAICz..31...51B |issn=0004-6248}}</ref>

Cosmogenic Records and Trapped Gases in the Nakhla Meteorite. Murty, S. V. S., Mohapatra, R. K., Goswami, J. N., & Sinha, N. Journal: Meteoritics & Planetary Science, vol. 34, Supplement, p.A84.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=1999M&PSA..34Q..84M Page 84 |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1999M&PSA..34Q..84M |access-date=2023-03-09 |journal=Meteoritics and Planetary Science Supplement|bibcode=1999M&PSA..34Q..84M |last1=Murty |first1=S. V. S. |last2=Mohapatra |first2=R. K. |last3=Goswami |first3=J. N. |last4=Sinha |first4=N. |year=1999 |volume=34 }}</ref>

Isotopic Records in Hibonites from CM Meteorites. Marhas, K. K., Sinha, N., Davis, A. M., & Goswami, J. N. Journal: Meteoritics & Planetary Science, vol. 35, Supplement, p.A102.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=2000M&PSA..35R.102M Page 102 |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/2000M&PSA..35R.102M |access-date=2023-03-09 |journal=Meteoritics and Planetary Science Supplement|bibcode=2000M&PSA..35R.102M |last1=Marhas |first1=K. K. |last2=Sinha |first2=N. |last3=Davis |first3=A. M. |last4=Goswami |first4=J. N. |year=2000 |volume=35 }}</ref>

Nuclear Track Records in the Abee Chondrite. Goswami, J. N., Lal, D., & Sinha, N. Journal: Meteoritics, Vol. 15, p. 295.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=1980Metic..15R.295G Page 295 |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1980Metic..15R.295G |access-date=2023-03-09 |journal=Meteoritics|bibcode=1980Metic..15R.295G |last1=Goswami |first1=J. N. |last2=Lal |first2=D. |last3=Sinha |first3=N. |year=1980 |volume=15 |page=295 }}</ref>

Solar Flare Track Records in Fayetteville Gas-Rich Chondrite. Goswami, J. N. & Sinha, N. Journal: Meteoritics, Vol. 21, p. 375.<ref>{{Cite journal |title=1986Metic..21Q.375G Page 375 |url=https://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1986Metic..21Q.375G |access-date=2023-03-09 |journal=Meteoritics|bibcode=1986Metic..21Q.375G |last1=Goswami |first1=J. N. |last2=Sinha |first2=N. |year=1986 |volume=21 |page=375 }}</ref>

The Dhajala meteorite shower: Atmospheric fragmentation and ablation based on cosmic ray track studies. C Bagolia, N Doshi, SK Gupta, S Kumar, D Lal. Nuclear Track Detection. Volume 1, Issue 2, June 1977, Pages 83–92.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bagolia |first1=C. |last2=Doshi |first2=N. |last3=Gupta |first3=S. K. |last4=Kumar |first4=S. |last5=Lal |first5=D. |last6=Trivedi |first6=J. R. |date=1977-06-01 |title=The Dhajala meteorite shower: Atmospheric fragmentation and ablation based on cosmic ray track studies |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0145-224X%2877%2990001-1 |journal=Nuclear Track Detection |language=en |volume=1 |issue=2 |pages=83–92 |doi=10.1016/0145-224X(77)90001-1 |issn=0145-224X|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Preatmospheric size of the Barwell meteorite: Cosmic-ray track, fusion crust and thermoluminescence studies. C Bagolia, N Doshi, D Lal, DW Sears. Nuclear Track Detection. Volume 2, Issue 1, March 1978, Pages 29–35.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bagolia |first1=C. |last2=Doshi |first2=N. |last3=Lal |first3=D. |last4=Sears |first4=D. W. |date=1978-03-01 |title=Preatmospheric size of the Barwell meteorite: Cosmic-ray track, fusion crust and thermoluminescence studies |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0145-224X%2878%2990003-0 |journal=Nuclear Track Detection |language=en |volume=2 |issue=1 |pages=29–35 |doi=10.1016/0145-224X(78)90003-0 |issn=0145-224X|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

Depth and size dependence of <sup>53</sup>Mn activity in chondrites. SK Bhattacharya, M Imamura, N Sinha, N. Bhandari. [[Earth and Planetary Science Letters]]. Volume 51, Issue 1, November 1980, Pages 45–57.<ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Bhattacharya |first1=S. K. |last2=Imamura |first2=M. |last3=Sinha |first3=N. |last4=Bhandari |first4=N. |date=1980-11-01 |title=Depth and size dependence of 53Mn activity in chondrites |url=https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0012-821X%2880%2990256-3 |journal=Earth and Planetary Science Letters |language=en |volume=51 |issue=1 |pages=45–57 |doi=10.1016/0012-821X(80)90256-3 |bibcode=1980E&PSL..51...45B |issn=0012-821X|url-access=subscription }}</ref>

==References==
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Sinha, Nirjhari}}
[[Category:Indian critics of religions]]
[[Category:Indian human rights activists]]
[[Category:Indian civil rights activists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian physicists]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:Year of birth missing (living people)]]

Nirjhari Sinha - Revision history

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