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'''Nijaguna Shivayogi''' (15th century) was an [[India]]n poet and a prolific writer in the [[Kannada language]]. He lived in the 15th century. He was a follower of the [[Veerashaiva]] faith (devotee of the [[Hinduism|Hindu]] god [[Shiva]]), which he attempted to reconcile with the [[Advaita]] [[Hinduism]] of [[Adi Shankaracharya]].<ref name="tradition">Sahitya Akademi (1988), p. 1165</ref> Tradition has it that Shivayogi was a petty chieftain of [[Kollegal]] [[taluk]] in modern [[Mysore district]] of [[Karnataka]] state, [[India]].<ref name="tradition"/> Considered a visionary of his time, his ''Vivekachintamani'', written in encyclopaedic proportions and in prose style, and the ''Kaivalya Paddhati'', a musical treatise consisting of songs are considered his most enduring works.<ref name="tradition"/><ref name="bhava">Shiva Prakash (1997), p. 190</ref><br />
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==Writings==<br />
The ''Vivekachintamani'', written in ten chapters, characterises by subject over 1500 topics including [[astronomy]], [[medicine]], [[poetics]], [[erotica]], [[musicology]] and dance-drama (''natya shastra''). Each topic is divided into sub-topics and each sub-topic is further divided into items. For example, the topic of poetics includes a sub-topical description of ''alamkara'' (figures of speech) which includes 65 types of ''alamkaras''. The writing was translated into [[Marathi language]] in 1604, and into [[Sanskrit language]] in 1652 and again in the 18th century, an indication of its importance among medieval Kannada language writings.<ref name="tradition"/><br />
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Shivayogi authored a collection of songs in early 15th century called the ''Kaivalya Paddhati'' (''lit'', "Songs of the pathway to emancipation"). These songs are best described as lyrical ''[[swara]] [[Vachana]]s'' (poems written to notes) set to various classical ''[[ragas]]'' ("tunes"). They are based on religious, philosophical and reflective themes and are quite unlike those composed by the contemporary [[Haridasa]]s (devotee-saint-poets of the god [[Vishnu]]) of Karnataka. This work established Shivayogi as the originator of a mystical form of literature called ''Kaivalya Sahitya'' (''lit'' "Kaivalya literature"), a synthesis of the Veerashaiva and Advaita philosophies, with an emphasis on knowledge as opposed to devotion. His influence on writers in the ''swara Vachana'' genre over the next three centuries is evident. Notable poets who were inspired by Shivayogi include [[Shadaksharadeva]] (Muppina Sadakshari), a contemporary poet, Chidananda Avadhuta (17th century), Sarpabhushana Shivayogi (18th century) and the [[itinerant poet]] [[Shishunala Sharif]].<ref name="bhava"/><ref name="das">Sahitya Akademi (1987), p. 200</ref><br />
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The ''Puratana Trividhi'' is a short work by him consisting of 77 ''[[tripadi]]s'' (three-line verses) eulogising the 63 [[Nayanmars]] (devotee-saints of the Hindu god Shiva) of [[Tamil Nadu]]. His other compositions include ''Paramanubhava Bodhe'', '' Paramartha Gita'' and ''Anubhavasara''.<ref name="bhava"/><br />
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==Notes==<br />
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==References==<br />
*{{cite book |last=Shiva Prakash|first=H.S.|editor=Ayyappapanicker|title=Medieval Indian Literature:An Anthology |year= 1997|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=81-260-0365-0|chapter= Kannada}}<br />
*{{cite book |last= Various|title= Encyclopaedia of Indian literature – vol 2|orig-year=1988|year=1988|publisher= Sahitya Akademi|isbn=81-260-1194-7}}<br />
*{{cite book |last= Various|title= Encyclopaedia of Indian literature – vol 1|orig-year=1987|year=1987|publisher= Sahitya Akademi|isbn=81-260-1803-8}}<br />
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[[Category:Poets from Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:History of Karnataka]]<br />
[[Category:Kannada poets]]<br />
[[Category:15th-century Indian poets]]<br />
[[Category:Year of birth unknown]]<br />
[[Category:Year of death unknown]]<br />
[[Category:Lingayatism]]<br />
[[Category:Indian male poets]]</div>imported>BrownHairedGirl