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{{Short description|Titular king of Bosnia}}
{{Infobox royalty
| native name =
| title = [[King of Bosnia]]; [[Banate of Macsó|Ban of Macsó]], [[Ban of Croatia|Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia]]; [[Voivode of Transylvania]]
| image = Epitaf Nikole Ilockog crkva sv Ivana Kapistrana Ilok 221208.jpg
| caption = Gravestone of Nikola Iločki in the Church of St. [[John of Capistrano]] in [[Ilok]], [[Croatia]]
| spouse = Margit Rozgonyi Dorottya Széchy de Felsőlendva
| issue = [[Lawrence of Ilok]]
| issue-link = #Marriages and issue
| issue-pipe = more...
| house = [[House of Ilok]]
| father = [[Ladislaus of Ilok|Ladislaus, Ban of Macsó]]
| mother = Anna Stiboriczi
| birth_date = 1410
| birth_place = [[Ilok]], [[Kingdom of Hungary]] (today's [[Croatia]])
| death_date = 1477
| death_place =
| burial_place = [[Ilok]], [[Croatia]]
| signature =
}}

'''Nicholas of Ilok''' ([[Hungarian language|Hungarian]]: ''Újlaki Miklós'', [[Bosnian language|Bosnian]] and [[Croatian language|Croatian]]: ''Nikola Iločki''; 1410–1477) was a [[Hungarian nobility|Hungarian nobleman]], [[Ban of Croatia]], [[Ban of Slavonia|Slavonia]], [[Ban of Dalmatia|Dalmatia]] and [[Banate of Macsó|Macsó]], [[Voivode of Transylvania]] and [[Titular ruler|titular]] [[King of Bosnia]] from 1471 until his death.

A member of the [[Újlaki family]], he was one of the richest landowners in the [[Kingdom of Hungary]] and one of its most influential magnates. He held a reputation of a great hero and served under four kings of Hungary: [[Albert II of Germany|Albert]], [[Władysław III of Poland|Vladislaus I]], [[Ladislaus the Posthumous|Ladislaus V]] and [[Matthias Corvinus|Matthias I]].

==Early career==
His parents were [[Ladislaus of Ilok]], Ban of Macsó, and Anna Stiboriczi, daughter of [[Stibor of Stiboricz]], Voivode of Transylvania. His father died shortly after his birth. He had four brothers: John, [[Stephen of Ilok|Stephen]], Peter and Paul. His great-grandfather, [[Nikola Kont Orahovički (Iločki)|Nicholas Kont]], served as [[Palatine (Kingdom of Hungary)|palatine]] to King [[Louis I of Hungary]]. Nicholas was the best known lord of the city of [[Ilok]]. While he was in power, the city experienced its golden age. In 1430, Nicholas' brother Stephen died and Nicholas succeeded him as Ban of Macsó.

When [[Albert II of Germany|King Albert]] died in 1439, Nicholas supported his widow, [[Elizabeth of Luxembourg]], in her struggle to secure the [[Holy Crown of Hungary]] for her son, [[Ladislaus the Posthumous]]. As a reward, Queen Elizabeth had him knighted. However, Nicholas soon took the side of [[Władysław III of Poland|Vladislaus III of Poland]] and allied himself with [[John Hunyadi]]. Upon becoming King of Hungary, Vladislaus gave Nicholas and Hunyadi extraordinary powers, appointing them as joint Voivodes of Transylvania.<ref name="Engel">{{cite book
|author1=Engel, Pál |author2=Pálosfalvi, Tamás |title=The realm of St. Stephen: a history of medieval Hungary, 895-1526
|publisher=I.B.Tauris
|location=
|year=2005
|isbn=1-85043-977-X
}}</ref>

== Matthias' reign ==

In 1457, Nicholas took part in the liquidation of John Hunyadi's son, [[Ladislaus Hunyadi|Ladislaus]].<ref name="Adrić">{{cite book
|last=Adrić
|first=Stanko
|title=The miracles of St. John Capistran
|publisher=Central European University Press
|location=
|year=2000
|isbn=963-9116-68-8
}}</ref> The next year, Ladislaus' brother, [[Matthias Corvinus]], was elected King of Hungary. However, various Hungarian and Croatian nobles refused to recognise him as their sovereign. The opposition was led by Nicholas himself and [[Palatine (Kingdom of Hungary)|Palatine]] [[Ladislaus II Garay]], who asked Holy Roman Emperor [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor|Frederick III]] for support. Matthias was, however, eventually recognised as king.<ref name="Fine">{{cite book
|last=Van Antwerp Fine
|first=John
|title=The Late Medieval Balkans: A Critical Survey from the Late Twelfth Century to the Ottoman Conquest
|publisher=University of Michigan Press
|location=USA
|year=1994
|isbn=0-472-08260-4
}}</ref>

He retained his influence throughout the reign of Matthias Corvinus, who created him [[perpetual ispán]] of [[Teočak]] in 1464, making him only the third person to bear such a title.<ref name="Engel"/> In 1471, having settled his disputes with Nicholas, King Matthias I conferred upon him the title of [[King of Bosnia]]. He was crowned king in 1472 in the [[Walled city of Jajce|fortress of Jajce]]. Nicholas seems to have been made Ban of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia by early 1472, probably in order to secure his loyalty to the King and to enable him to defend the region against the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]]. He had been named ban to replace [[Blaise Magyar]], who had rebelled against the King. However, he did not retain that office for long; by the end of the same year, he was replaced by [[Damian Horvat]].<ref name="Fine"/>

As King of Bosnia, Nicholas even minted his own currency.<ref name="Bury">{{cite book
|last=Bagnell Bury
|first=John
|title=The Cambridge medieval history
|publisher=University Press
|location=UK
|year=1964
|isbn=
}}</ref> However, Nicholas failed to defend his satellite kingdom, losing most of it to the Ottomans. The Hungarian Kingdom of Bosnia consisted of a few fortresses.<ref name="Fine"/> Nicholas ruled those remnants and retained the kingly title until his death, styling himself "Nicholas, [[by the Grace of God]] King of Bosnia" ([[Latin language|Latin]]: ''Nicolaus Dei Gratia Rex Bosniae'').<ref name="Adrić"/> He was succeeded, as Ban of Macsó and Lord of Ilok, by his eldest surviving son, [[Laurence of Ilok|Laurence]].<ref name="Fine"/>

== Marriages and issue ==

Nicholas was first married to Margit Rozgonyi ([[floruit|fl]] 1441-1458). By his first wife, Nicholas had the following children:<ref name="euweb">{{cite web |last=Marek |first=Miroslav |url=http://genealogy.euweb.cz/hung/ujlaky.html#M |title= Ujlaki |publisher=Genealogy.EU}}{{Self-published source|date=August 2012}}</ref>{{Better source needed|date=August 2012}}

#Nicholas (fl 1452)
#Stephen (fl 1459-1465)
#Catherine (fl. 1448-1493), whose daughter's sons claimed their great-grandfather's inheritance
#Euphrosyne (fl. 1458-1476)
#Hieronyma (fl 1458-1460), married to [[Leonhard of Gorizia]]
#Ursula (fl 1458-1476)

He was married secondly to Dorottya [[Széchy family|Széchy de Felsőlendva]] (fl 1471-1495). Their children were:<ref name="euweb"/>

#[[Laurence of Ilok|Laurence]] (1459–1524), Nicholas' successor, after whose death without surviving issue the family became extinct
#Bernard (fl 1460)

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

==External links==
*[https://books.google.com/books?id=t5l5BAAAQBAJ&dq=nicholas+of+ilok+fodor&pg=PT223 Nicholas of Ilok, Ban of Croatia, built the castle in Ilok in the 15th century]
*[http://www.etd.ceu.hu/2016/salihovic_davor.pdf Nicholas of Ilok's kingship in Bosnia 1471-1477]

{{S-start}}
{{S-roy|}}
|-
{{S-vac|last=[[Stephen Tomašević]] as actual king [[Matthias of Bosnia|Matthias]] as Ottoman puppet}}
{{S-tul|title=[[King of Bosnia]] against [[Matija Vojsalić]]|years=1471–1477}}
{{S-vac}}
{{s-off}}
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Ladislaus Jakcs]] & [[Michael Jakcs]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Voivode of Transylvania]]|years=1441–1458|regent1=[[John Hunyadi]] (1441–1446)|regent2=[[Emeric Bebek]] (1446–1448)|regent3=[[John Rozgonyi]] (1449–1458)}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Ladislaus Kanizsai]] & [[John Rozgonyi]] & [[Sebastian Rozgonyi]]}}
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Ladislaus Kanizsai]] & [[Nicholas Kanizsai]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Voivode of Transylvania]]|years=1462–1465|regent1=[[John Pongrácz]]}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Bertold Ellerbach]] & [[Sigismund Szentgyörgyi]] & [[John Szentgyörgyi]]}}
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Blaise Magyar]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Ban of Croatia|Ban of Croatia Slavonia and Dalmatia]]|years=1472}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Damian Horvat]]}}
|-
{{S-bef|before=[[Stephen of Ilok]]}}
{{S-ttl|title=[[Banate of Macsó|Ban of Macsó]]|years=1430-1477}}
{{S-aft|after=[[Laurence of Ilok]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ilocki, Nicholas}}
[[Category:House of Ilok|Nicholas]]
[[Category:Bans of Croatia]]
[[Category:15th-century Croatian nobility]]
[[Category:1410 births]]
[[Category:1477 deaths]]
[[Category:15th-century Hungarian nobility]]
[[Category:Bans of Macsó]]
[[Category:Counts of the Székelys]]
[[Category:Voivodes of Transylvania|Ujlaki, Nicholas]]
[[Category:Pretenders to the Bosnian throne]]
[[Category:Bans of Slavonia]]
[[Category:People from Ilok]]

Nicholas of Ilok - Revision history

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