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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{short description|River in Karnataka, India}}
[[File:Netravati River Karnataka.jpg|thumb|View of the Netravati River from a train]]
{{Infobox river
| name = Nethravati River
| name_native = Nethravathi malakali nadhi
| image =
| image_caption =
| source1_location = [[Gangamoola]], [[Chikmagalur district]], [[Karnataka]]
| mouth_location = [[Arabian Sea]]
| subdivision_type1 = Country
| subdivision_name1 = [[India]]
| length = 106 Km
| source1_elevation =
| discharge1_avg =
| basin_size =
}}
[[File:Nathravathi River in Manglore 001.jpg|thumb|300px|Netravati River in [[Mangalore]] ]]
[[File:The bhogi in red.....jpg|thumb|300px|right|The Netravati railway bridge serves as the gateway to [[Mangalore]].]]
[[File:Ullal Bridge Mangalore.JPG|thumb|300px|right|Ullal Bridge on Nethravathi River Mangalore]]
The '''Netravati River''' or Netravathi Nadi has its origins at Bangrabalige valley, Yelaneeru Ghat in [[Kudremukh]] in [[Chikkamagaluru district]] of [[Karnataka]], India. This river flows through the famous pilgrimage place [[Dharmasthala]] and is considered one of the holy rivers of India. It merges with the [[Kumaradhara River]] at [[Uppinangadi]] before flowing to the [[Arabian Sea]], south of [[Mangalore]] city. This river is the main source of water to Bantwal and [[Mangalore]]. The Netravati railway bridge is one of the known bridges which serve as the gateway to Mangalore.

Earlier in the last century it was known as the '''Bantwal River'''; the important town of [[Bantwal]] is seen on its banks. A reference to the River Netravati, as unfordable during the South-West [[Monsoon]], can be seen in the ''Gazetteer of Southern India,'', published in 1855. It has an apparent breadth of about 200 yards with a bed encumbered by large rocky masses, chiefly of hornblende rock, containing spangles of mica and small garnets. Sienites also occur, as fragments of a beautiful pegmatite with flesh coloured feldspar are seen in the beds of rivulets. The Netravati River is navigable by small country craft for many miles. The train [[Netravati Express]], passing through Mangalore, is named after this river.

Often Bantwal has been submerged in bygone years during the monsoon by overflowing river Netravati. Many residents left the town, settled elsewhere, and prospered. The major floods remembered by the elders of the town occurred in 1928 and 1974.

==Course==
Netravati river originates in the [[Western Ghats]] in Bangrabalike forest Valley in Yellaner Ghats of Kudremukha range in Karnataka State. The river drains an area of about 1,353 square miles.<ref>{{cite book | title=Minutes of proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers, Volume 174| pages=41| publisher=Institution of Civil Engineers (Great Britain)}}</ref> The [[Kumaradhara River]], which originates in the Subramanya range of Western Ghats, meets the Netravati river at [[Uppinangadi]]. Every year nearly around more than 100 tmc of water flowing to Arabian sea.<ref>{{cite book | title=The imperial gazetteer of India, Volume 5| author=Sir William Wilson Hunter| pages=471}}</ref>

== Agriculture and fishing==
The main occupations of the people who have settled on the bank of this river are agriculture and fishing. This river is the main source of water for agriculture during off monsoon. The river is rich in water life. Majority of the people settling around the river have practiced fishing which provides bread to many families. People also trade fine sand which is used for construction. This sand is taken from the bed of the river.

== Controversy ==
Many mini hydroelectric projects and diversion project have been set up on this river, causing damage to environment of this ecologically sensitive region; and more projects are in the planning stages and some are implemented. A recent controversy has arisen, from a proposal to change the path of the river so that the dry land areas above the Western Ghats can be irrigated.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.hindu.com/2009/07/20/stories/2009072059920600.htm
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100525184517/http://www.hindu.com/2009/07/20/stories/2009072059920600.htm
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=2010-05-25
|title=Minister promises help for Netravati scheme
|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]
|access-date=2010-02-01
|location=Chennai, India
|date=2009-07-20}}</ref> Changing the path of the river might lead to unforeseen environmental disasters according to some experts. For example, it might affect the marine life due to reduced outflow of freshwater and the subsequent decline of nutrients flowing into the sea. This apart from the loss in contiguity of rainforests in Western Ghats.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://tumkurameen.blogspot.in/2006/03/sapping-lifelines_767.html
|title=Sapping Lifelines
|newspaper=[[Deccan Herald]]
|access-date=2001-07-20
|location=Bangalore, India
|date=2001-07-20}}</ref> Also some opposition has arisen to the proposed hydro electric projects on Netravati river.<ref>{{cite news
|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/2003/02/22/stories/2003022203070300.htm
|archive-url=https://archive.today/20130125110920/http://www.hinduonnet.com/2003/02/22/stories/2003022203070300.htm
|url-status=dead
|archive-date=2013-01-25
|title=Netravati diversion project opposed
|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]
|access-date=2010-02-01
}}</ref>

== See also ==
{{commons category}}
*[[List of rivers of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi districts]]
{{Clear}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Hydrology of Karnataka|state=expanded}}
{{Western Ghats}}

{{coord|12|50|N|74|52|E|display=title|region:IN_type:river_source:GNS-enwiki}}

[[Category:Rivers of Karnataka]]
[[Category:Geography of Chikkamagaluru district]]
[[Category:Geography of Dakshina Kannada district]]
[[Category:Rivers of the Western Ghats]]
[[Category:Rivers of India]]

Netravati River - Revision history

->GreenC bot: Reformat 1 archive link. Wayback Medic 2.5

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