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References

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	[[Category:Neolamprologus\|brichardi]]		[[Category:Neolamprologus\|brichardi]]
	[[Category:Fish of Africa]]		[[Category:Fish of Africa]]
			[[Category:State symbols of Burundi]]
	[[Category:Fish described in 1974]]		[[Category:Fish described in 1974]]
	[[Category:Taxa named by Max Poll]]		[[Category:Taxa named by Max Poll]]

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{{Short description|Species of fish}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2013}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = Neolamprologus brichardi.jpg
| image_caption = "Pemba" Race
| status = LC
| status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name="iucn status 20 November 2021">{{cite iucn |author=Bigirimana, C. |date=2006 |title=''Neolamprologus brichardi'' |volume=2006 |page=e.T60610A12383670 |doi=10.2305/IUCN.UK.2006.RLTS.T60610A12383670.en |access-date=20 November 2021}}</ref>
| taxon = Neolamprologus brichardi
| authority = ([[Max Poll|Poll]], 1974)
}}

'''''Neolamprologus brichardi''''' is a [[species]] of [[cichlid]] [[endemism|endemic]] to the [[hard water|alkaline waters]] of [[Lake Tanganyika]] in East Africa.<ref name="fishbase">{{FishBase |genus= Neolamprologus|species= brichardi| month = February | year = 2013}}</ref> It is a popular [[aquarium]] fish kept in the [[fishkeeping]] hobby,<ref name="fishbase"/><ref name="baensch">{{cite book |last=Riehl |first=Rüdiger. Editor. |author2=Baensch, HA |title=Aquarium Atlas |year=1996|edition=5th |publisher=Tetra Press |location=Germany |isbn=978-3-88244-050-8}}</ref> where it is known under a variety of [[common names]] including '''Princess cichlid''', '''Princess of Burundi''', '''Lyretail cichlid''', '''Fairy cichlid''' and '''Brichard's lamprologus'''.<ref name="baensch"/><ref>Mills D (1993) ''Aquarium Fish'' Harper Collins {{ISBN|0-7322-5012-9}}</ref><ref name="DRDF">Axelrod HR, Vorderwinkler W (1995) ''Encyclopedia of tropical fishes''. 30th edition. Tropical Fish Hobbyist Publications, USA.</ref> In addition, the species is also the subject of numerous studies on fish behaviour.<ref>Dierkesa P, Taborskya M, Kohler U (1999)Reproductive parasitism of broodcare helpers in a cooperatively breeding fish ''Behavioral Ecology'' '''10:''' 510-515</ref><ref>Balshine-Earn S, Lotem A (1998) Individual recognition in a cooperatively breeding cichlid : Evidence from video playback experiments ''Behaviour'' '''135:''' 369-386</ref><ref>Wernera NY, Balshineb S, Leachc B, Lotem A (2003) Helping opportunities and space segregation in cooperatively breeding cichlids ''Behavioral Ecology'' '''6:''' 749-756</ref> It is closely related to ''[[Neolamprologus pulcher|N. pulcher]]'' from the southern half of Lake Tanganyika (''N. brichardi'' is more widespread) and some have recommended merging the two into a single species.<ref>Duftner; Sefc; Koblmüller; Taborsky; and Sturmbauer (2007). Parallel evolution of facial stripe patterns in the Neolamprologus brichardi/pulcher species complex endemic to Lake Tanganyika. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45: 706–715.</ref>

==Behaviour==
''N. brichardi'' is notable in a number of ways. This fish is a substrate spawner (lays eggs on a substrate), utilizing the rocky rubble to do so. It is one of the few substrate-spawning cichlid that also schools. It is not unheard of to find a school numbering near 100,000 individuals within a {{convert|50|m}} square area. It is one of the few fish in Africa that utilizes a collective nursery. This means that adults, sub-adults, and even half-grown fry all participate in a multi-generational rearing of the fry. ''N. brichardi'' individuals not only care for their own fry but also the fry of those around them{{Citation needed|date=March 2008}}, all while keeping vigil over other adults still actively spawning.{{Citation needed|date=March 2008}} This is similar to the cooperative breeding system of a related species of cichlid, ''[[Neolamprologus pulcher|N. pulcher]]'', in that ''N. pulcher'' individuals will care for the offspring of others.

''N. brichardi'' specializes in feeding from the rocky biocover, picking at small crustaceans and invertebrates. It will also feed on swarms of plankton when available.
[[File:Neolamprologus brichardi young.jpg|thumb|300px|left]]

==Etymology==
The [[Specific name (zoology)|specific name]] honours Pierre Brichard (1921-1990), an aquarium fish exporter based near Lake Tanganyika.<ref name = ETYFish>{{cite web | url = http://www.etyfish.org/cichlidae4/ | title = Order CICHLIFORMES: Family CICHLIDAE: Subfamily PSEUDOCRENILABRINAE (l-o) | access-date = 29 January 2019 | author1 = Christopher Scharpf | author2 = Kenneth J. Lazara | name-list-style = amp | work = The ETYFish Project Fish Name Etymology Database | publisher = Christopher Scharpf and Kenneth J. Lazara | date = 4 December 2018}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[List of freshwater aquarium fish species]]
*''[[Lamprologus]]''

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q134930}}

[[Category:Neolamprologus|brichardi]]
[[Category:Fish of Africa]]
[[Category:Fish described in 1974]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Max Poll]]

Neolamprologus brichardi - Revision history

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