>Nerdy Felix 16 at 07:08, 26 June 2021

2021-06-26T07:08:33Z

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[[File:Annandale Nelson 1876-1924.jpg|thumb|230px|right|Nelson Annandale.]]
'''Thomas Nelson Annandale''' [[Companion of the Order of the Indian Empire|CIE]] [[Royal Society of Edinburgh|FRSE]] (15 June 1876, in [[Edinburgh]] – 10 April 1924, in [[Calcutta]]) was a Scottish [[zoology|zoologist]], [[entomologist]], [[anthropology|anthropologist]], and [[Herpetology|herpetologist]].

==Life==
The eldest son of [[Thomas Annandale]], the [[regius professor]] of [[Regius Chair of Clinical Surgery|clinical surgery]] at the [[University of Edinburgh]], Nelson was educated at [[Rugby School]], [[Balliol College, Oxford]], and the [[University of Edinburgh]].<ref>{{cite journal|doi=10.1038/113615a0|date=26 April 1924|last1=Dover|first1=Cedric|title=Obituary - Dr. Nelson Annandale, C.I.E.|journal=Nature|volume=113|pages=615|issue=2843|doi-access=free}}</ref>

Annandale went to India in 1904 as Deputy Superintendent of the Natural History Section of the Indian Museum. He was a deputy director at the [[Indian Museum]] in [[Calcutta]] and in 1907 he became its director, succeeding [[John Anderson (zoologist)|John Anderson]] (1833–1900). He had travelled widely before his career in India, and with [[Herbert C. Robinson]] he had undertaken the Skeat Expedition to the northern part of the Malay Peninsula in 1899.<ref>[[Malcolm Arthur Smith|Smith MA]] (1931). ''The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-region. Reptilia and Amphibia. Vol. I.—Loricata, Testudines''. London: Secretary of State for India in Council. (Taylor and Francis, printers). xxviii + 185 pp. + Plates I-II. ("Annandale, Nelson", p. 12).</ref>
[[File:T_N_Annandale.jpg|thumb|left|c. 1907]]
He started the Records and Memoirs of the Indian Museum journals and in 1916, he became the first director of the [[Zoological Survey of India]] that he helped found. He was associated with many scientists of his time. This change placed an official equality with botany and geology and made more funds available for expeditions to various parts of India. He was interested in aspects beyond systematics including ecology. His suggestion of a problem in anthropology to [[Prasanta Chandra Mahalanobis|P. C. Mahalanobis]] led to the latters discovery of a technique that developed into the [[multivariate statistics|multivariate]] statistical techniques of today. He held the position of director until 1924 and was succeeded by [[Robert Beresford Seymour Sewell]] (1880–1964). He was president of the 1924 session of the [[Indian Science Congress Association#Indian Science Congress|Indian Science Congress]].

In 1921, as his father had been, he was elected a [[Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf|title=Former Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. 1783–2002|publisher=Royal Society of Edinburgh|access-date=3 December 2014|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150919152306/https://www.royalsoced.org.uk/cms/files/fellows/biographical_index/fells_indexp1.pdf|archive-date=19 September 2015|url-status=dead}}</ref> The Royal Asiatic Society of Bengal, with which he was closely associated during his service in India as Anthropological Secretary, Vice-President and as its President in 1923 instituted a triennial an Annandale Memorial Medal for contributions to anthropology in Asia. The first award was made to Dr [[Fritz Sarasin]] in 1928.

His insect and spider collection is in the [[Indian Museum]], Calcutta.

He was also noted for his work on the biology and anthropology of the Faroe Islands and Iceland about which he published ''The Faeroes and Iceland: a Study in Island Life'' in 1905.<ref>Annandale TN (1905) The Faroes and Iceland : studies in island life [https://archive.org/details/faroesicelandstu00annauoft Scan]</ref>

Working in the scientific field of herpetology, he described several new [[species]] of [[lizards]].<ref>Annandale at the Reptile Database. http://reptile-database.reptarium,cz/advanced_search?author=Annandale&submit=Search{{dead link|date=January 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}.</ref> He is commemorated in the scientific names of three species of reptiles: ''[[Cyrtodactylus annandalei]]'', ''[[Heosemys annandalii]]'', and ''[[Kolpophis annandalei]]''.<ref>Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). ''The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles''. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. {{ISBN|978-1-4214-0135-5}}. ("Annandale", pp. 9–10).</ref>

==Bibliography==
{{wikisource author}}
(incomplete)
*Annandale N, [[Herbert C. Robinson|Robinson HC]] (1903). ''[https://archive.org/details/fasciculimalaye00annagoog Fasciculi Malayenses: Anthropological and Zoological Results of an Expedition to Perak and the Siamese Malay States]''. Liverpool.
*Annandale N (1905).[https://archive.org/details/faroesicelandstu00annauoft The Faroes and Iceland: studies in island life. Oxford:Clarendon Press].
*Annandale N, [[F. H. Gravely|Gravely FH]] (1914). "The limestone caves of Burma and the Malay Peninsula, Part II: The fauna of the caves". ''[[Journal and Proceedings of the Asiatic Society of Bengal]]'' (ns) '''9''' (10) for 1913: 402–423.
*Annandale N, [[Baini Prashad|Prashad B]], Amin-ud-Din (1921). "The Aquatic and Amphibious Molluscs of Manipur". ''[[Records of the Indian Museum]]'' '''22''' (4): [https://archive.org/stream/recordsofindianm22indi#page/n644/mode/1up 528–632].
Annandale, N. & H.S. Rao. 1925. Materials for a revision of the recent Indian Limnaeidae (Mollusca Pulmonata). Records of the Indian Museum 27(3):137-189.

==See also==
*[[:Category:Taxa named by Nelson Annandale]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Further reading==
*Hora, Sunder Lal (1949) [http://www.ias.ac.in/j_archive/currsci/18/5/157-157/viewpage.html In memoriam] Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Section A 8:157
*Anon. 1925: [Annandale, T. N.] ''J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc''. 30 213–214.
*Calvert, P. P. 1924 [Annandale, T. N.] ''Ent. News'' 35:264.
*Evenhuis, N. L. 1997 *''Litteratura taxonomica dipterorum (1758–1930). Volume 1 (A-K); Volume 2 (L-Z)''. Leiden, Backhuys Publishers.
*Kemp, S. W. 1925 [Annandale, T. N.] ''Rec. Indian Mus. , Calcutta''. 27:1–28

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}
* {{BHL author}}
* {{Gutenberg author|id=38309}}
* {{Internet Archive author}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Annandale, Nelson}}
[[Category:1876 births]]
[[Category:1924 deaths]]
[[Category:Academics of the University of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Alumni of Balliol College, Oxford]]
[[Category:Alumni of the University of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Companions of the Order of the Indian Empire]]
[[Category:Fellows of the Royal Society of Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Naturalists of British India]]
[[Category:People educated at Rugby School]]
[[Category:People from Edinburgh]]
[[Category:Presidents of The Asiatic Society]]
[[Category:Scottish anthropologists]]
[[Category:Scottish curators]]
[[Category:Scottish entomologists]]
[[Category:Scottish zoologists]]

Nelson Annandale - Revision history

>Nerdy Felix 16 at 07:08, 26 June 2021