MD. TARIQUL ISLAM: Started New Entry

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{{Short description|Island in the Andaman Islands of India}}
{{Use Indian English|date=September 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=September 2016}}
{{Infobox islands
| name = Shaheed Dweep
| local_name = Neil Island
| native_name =
| native_name_link =
| native_name_lang =
| image_name = Keshet_neal_island_india.jpg
| image_size =
| image_caption =
| image_alt =
| map = India Andaman and Nicobar Islands#India
| map_alt =
| map_width =
| map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|11.83|N|93.04|E|region:IN-AN_type:isle_dim:50000_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| etymology =
| location = [[Bay of Bengal]]
| archipelago = [[Andaman Islands]]
| waterbody = [[Indian Ocean]]
| area_km2 = 13.7
| area_footnotes = <ref name="cit">{{cite web|url=http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf|title=Islandwise Area and Population - 2011 Census|publisher=Government of Andaman|access-date=10 October 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828015509/http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf|archive-date=28 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| rank =
| length_km = 3.7
| width_km = 6.3
| coastline_km = 19.4
| elevation_m = 101
| elevation_footnotes = <ref name="nga">{{cite enroute|173|2017|284}}</ref>
| highest_mount = Nipple Hill
| country = {{flag|India}}
| country_admin_divisions_title = [[List of districts in India#Andaman and Nicobar (AN)|District]]
| country_admin_divisions = [[South Andaman district|South Andaman]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = [[Island group]]
| country_admin_divisions_1 = [[Andaman Islands]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_2 = Island sub-group
| country_admin_divisions_2 = [[Ritchie's Archipelago]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_3 = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsil]]
| country_admin_divisions_3 = [[Port Blair|Port Blair Tehsil]]
| country_largest_city = Neil Kendra
| country_largest_city_population = 1000
| population = 3040
| population_as_of = in 2011
| population_footnotes =
| population_rank =
| population_rank_max =
| density_km2 = 222.00
| density_rank =
| density_footnotes =
| ethnic_groups = [[Tamils|Tamil]], [[Andamanese people|Andamanese]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST =
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 744104<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.india-codes.com/pincodes/a-n-islands-pin-code |title=A&N Islands - Pincodes |date=22 September 2016 |access-date=22 September 2016 |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323224041/http://www.india-codes.com/pincodes/a-n-islands-pin-code |archive-date=23 March 2014 }}</ref>
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 031927<ref name="allcodesindia">{{cite web|url=http://allcodesindia.in/stdcode/andaman+and+nicobar.php|publisher=allcodesindia.in|title=STD Codes of Andaman and Nicobar|access-date=2016-09-23|archive-date=17 October 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191017043815/http://allcodesindia.in/stdcode/andaman%2Band%2Bnicobar.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| website = {{URL|http://www.and.nic.in/}}
| iso_code_type = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|ISO code]]
| iso_code = IN-AN-00<ref>Registration Plate Numbers added to ISO Code</ref>
| additional_info = {{Infobox|child=yes
| label2 = Literacy | data2 = 84.4%
| label3 = Avg. summer temperature| data3 ={{convert|30.2|°C|°F}}
| label4 = Avg. winter temperature| data4 ={{convert|23.0|°C|°F}}
| label5 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]| data5 =1.2[[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| label7 = Census code| data7 = 35.639.0004
| label8 = Official languages| data8 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language|English]]
}}
}}
'''Neil Island''', officially known as '''Shaheed Dweep''' ({{Translation|Martyr's Island}}), is an island of the [[Andaman Islands]], located in [[Ritchie's Archipelago]]. It belongs to the [[South Andaman district|South Andaman]] administrative [[Districts of India|district]], part of the [[India]]n [[union territory]] of [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]].<ref name="census">{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-VillageDirectory/Directory/short_code_rural_35.pdf|title=Village Code Directory: Andaman & Nicobar Islands|publisher=Census of India|access-date=2011-01-16}}</ref> The island is located {{convert|36|km|0|abbr=on}} northeast from [[Port Blair]].

==Etymology==
Neil Island was named after British [[Brigadier general]] [[James George Smith Neill|James Neill]], who had fought on the side of the British East Indian company in the [[Sepoy Mutiny]] of 1857.

In December 2018, it was renamed as Shaheed Dweep as a tribute to [[Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose]]. Bose had hoisted the Indian flag at Port Blair on 30 December 1943 and proclaimed the Andaman and Nicobar Islands as territories liberated from British rule. He had subsequently named Andaman Island as Shaheed and Nicobar Island as Swaraj.<ref name="2018RenameHT">{{cite news |author1=Ananya Bhardwaj |title=Andaman’s most-visited islands to be renamed during PM Modi visit |url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/3-andaman-islands-to-get-new-names/story-NC3sWdg8oHAP6sLyXDBEeI.html |access-date=31 December 2018 |work=Hindustan Times |date=25 December 2018 |language=en}}</ref>

==History==
Shaheed Dweep, then Neil Island, was uninhabited until the arrival of settlers in the late 1960s. Like Swaraj Dweep, then Havelock, the vast majority of settlers at Shaheed Dweep were refugees from erstwhile East-Pakistan, following the exodus of Hindu Bangladeshis prior to that country's war of independence in 1971.

==Geography==
The island belongs to the [[Ritchie's Archipelago]] and is located between [[Swaraj Dweep]] and [[Rose Island (Andaman)|Rose Island]].
It is a comparatively flat island, and much of the landmass was deemed suitable for paddy cultivation. Unfortunately, as a result of this, very little forest cover remains at Shaheed, and almost all of it is concentrated in the reserve forest on Shaheed's north-western side.
Shaheed Dweep tends to remain a degree or two warmer than Havelock as a result of the lack of forest cover.{{Citation needed|date=November 2017}}

==Administration==
Politically, Shaheed Dweep is part of Neil Kendra [[Panchayati raj|panchayat]], of [[Port Blair]] [[Tehsils of India|Taluk]].<ref name="and">{{cite web |url=http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf |publisher=andssw1.and.nic.in |title=DEMOGRAPHIC – A&N ISLANDS |access-date=2016-09-23 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828015509/http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf |archive-date=28 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== Demographics ==
The population of 3040 lives in five villages, listed below, with population at 2011 census in parentheses:<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/PopulationFinder/Sub_Districts_Master.aspx?state_code=35&district_code=01|title=Census of India: Sub-District Details}}</ref>
* Sitapur (274)
* Bharatpur (629)
* Neil Kendra (1000)
* Lakshmanpur (382)
* Ram Nagar (755)

==Transport==
There is a jetty at Neil Kendra, which serves as the only access point of the island.
There are regular Government ferry from Port Blair to Shaheed Dweep.
There are private cruise ships such as Makruzz, Green Ocean, Nautika and ITT Majestic.

==Economy==
Agriculture is the primary occupation of the villagers, and the island supplies vegetables to the rest of [[Andaman Islands|Andaman]]. Neil Island is known for its organic cultivation and provides much of the organic produce to remaining part of the islands.

==Image gallery==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="134">
File:Natural Bridge, Neil Island, Andaman, India.JPG|Natural Bridge, Neil Island.
File:Shaheed Island, Andamans, Mangrove beach, Wilderness.jpg|Mangrove trees
File:Shaheed Island, Andaman Islands, Tropical beach.jpg|Tropical beach
File:Neil Island - Bharatpur beach as seen from jetty.jpg|Bharatpur beach as seen from jetty
File:Shaheed Island, Andamans, Interior jungle.jpg|Interior forest
File:Andaman Islands, Full moon night, Forest by the sea at night.jpg|Forest by the sea at night
File:Entry to Niel Island from Bharatpur Jetty, Andaman Island, India.JPG|Entry to Neil Island from Bharatpur Jetty.
File:Bharathpur Jetty.JPG|Bharathpur Jetty
File:Ritchies Archipelago locale.png|Ritchie's Archipelago within the Andaman Islands
File:Ritchie's Archipelago Neil Island.png|Neil Island within Ritchie's Archipelago
File:Andamane 7 1250001-1.jpg|Neil Island on 26 December 2004, after earthquake and tsunami
</gallery>

== References ==
{{Wikivoyage|Neil Island}}
{{Portal|India|Islands}}
{{reflist|2}}

==External links==
{{Commons category-inline|Neil Island}}
*[https://www.andamantourism.gov.in/Brochures/Neil_Brochure.pdf Neill Island brochure at Andaman Tourism]

{{South Andaman district |state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Ritchie's Archipelago]]
[[Category:Islands of South Andaman district]]
[[Category:Islands of the Andaman Sea]]
[[Category:Islands of India]]
[[Category:Populated places in India]]
[[Category:Islands of the Bay of Bengal]]
{{DEFAULTSORT:Neill Island}}

Neil Island - Revision history

MD. TARIQUL ISLAM: Started New Entry