https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Naxalbari_uprisingNaxalbari uprising - Revision history2026-08-20T10:02:13ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naxalbari_uprising&diff=445177&oldid=prevNiishad Shetty: page updated2025-07-14T20:25:47Z<p>page updated</p>
<a href="//en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naxalbari_uprising&diff=445177&oldid=376642">Show changes</a>Niishad Shettyhttps://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naxalbari_uprising&diff=376642&oldid=prev50.46.235.162 at 03:54, 29 November 20222022-11-29T03:54:02Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|Armed uprising in India}}<br />
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2019}}<br />
{{Use Indian English|date=August 2019}}<br />
{{Infobox military conflict<br />
| title = Naxalbari Uprising<br />
| image = South Asian Communist Banner.svg<br />
| partof = [[Cold War]] and [[Naxalite-Maoist insurgency|Naxalite Insurgency]]<br />
| place = [[Naxalbari]], [[Darjeeling district|Darjeeling]], [[West Bengal]]<br />
| combatant1 = {{flagicon|India}} [[India]]<br />
* [[West Bengal Police]]<br />
'''Supported by:'''<br><br />
{{flagicon image|South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg}} [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]]<br>{{flagicon image|Swatantra-Party-flag.svg}} [[Bangla Congress]]<br />
| combatant2 = [[File:South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg|30px]] [[All India Coordination Committee of Communist Revolutionaries]]<br />
* [[All India Kisan Sabha (36 Canning Lane)|All India Kisan Sabha]]<br />
* Local peasantry<br />
'''Supported by:'''<br><br />
{{flagicon image|South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg}} [[Ceylon Communist Party (Maoist)|Ceylon Communist Party-Peking Wing]]<ref name="naxalite movement">Singh, Prakash. ''The Naxalite Movement in India''. New Delhi: [[Rupa & Co.]], 1999. p. 24.</ref><br>{{flagicon image|Flag of the Chinese Communist Party (Pre-1996).svg}} [[Chinese Communist Party]]<br />
| units1 =[[Indian Police Service]]<br>[[West Bengal Police]]<br />
| units2 = [[File:South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg|22px]]Siliguri group<br>[[File:South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg|22px]]Darjeeling group<br />
| commander1 = {{flagicon|India}} [[Indira Gandhi]]<br />{{flagicon|India}} [[Ajoy Kumar Mukherjee]]<br />{{flagicon|India}} [[Jyoti Basu]]<br />
| commander2 = [[File:South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg|22px]] [[Charu Majumdar]]<br>[[File:South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg|22px]] [[Kanu Sanyal]]<br>[[File:South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg|22px]] [[Jangal Santhal]]<br>[[File:South_Asian_Communist_Banner.svg|22px]] [[Shanti Munda]]<br />
| conflict = <br />
| casualties1 = 1 Police died<br />
| casualties2 = 11 farmers died<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Naxalbari uprising''' was an armed peasant revolt in 1967 in the [[Naxalbari]] block of [[Siliguri subdivision]] in [[Darjeeling]] district, West Bengal, [[India]].<ref name="auto">{{Cite news|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/history-of-naxalism/story-4f1rZukARGYn3qHOqDMEbM.html|title=History of Naxalism|date=2005-12-15|work=Hindustan Times|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180222151700/https://www.hindustantimes.com/india/history-of-naxalism/story-4f1rZukARGYn3qHOqDMEbM.html|archive-date=2018-02-22|url-status=dead|access-date=2018-03-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/columns/50-years-of-naxalbari-fighting-for-the-right-cause-in-the-wrong-way/story-06EuiNZCaK3mJE4wNVBhHO.html|title=50 years of Naxalbari: Fighting for the right cause in the wrong way|author=Shashi Shekhar|date=2017-05-21|newspaper=Hindustan Times|access-date=2018-03-02|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170521092011/http://www.hindustantimes.com/columns/50-years-of-naxalbari-fighting-for-the-right-cause-in-the-wrong-way/story-06EuiNZCaK3mJE4wNVBhHO.html|archive-date=2017-05-21}}</ref> It was mainly led by tribals and the radical communists leaders of Bengal and further developed into the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)]] in 1969. The armed struggle became an inspiration to the naxalite movement which rapidly spread from [[West Bengal]] to other states of India creating division within in to the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)|CPI(M)]] Party.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=http://www.bannedthought.net/India/PeoplesMarch/PM1999-2006/publications/30%20years/part1.htm|title=The Naxalbari Uprising|access-date=2018-03-02|work=30 years of Naxalbari|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101031003912/http://www.bannedthought.net/India/PeoplesMarch/PM1999-2006/publications/30%20years/part1.htm|archive-date=2010-10-31}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Origins ==<br />
{{main article|Communist Party of India (Marxist–Leninist)}}<br />
The uprising occurred during the height [[Sino-Soviet split]], which was causing turmoil within the communist organisations in India and the rest of the world. The leader and ideologue of the uprising [[Charu Majumdar]] theorised that the situation was appropriate for launching an armed [[People's war]] in India following the [[Chinese Revolution (1949)]], [[Vietnam War]] and [[Cuban Revolution]]. Charu Majumdar wrote the [[Historic Eight Documents]] which became the foundation of the Naxalite movement in 1967.<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/naxalite-ideology-charu-s-eight-documents/story-hiCWDlzyc5yNRgYkBMX1qL.html|title=Naxalite Ideology: Charu's Eight Documents|author=Nadeem Ahmed|work=The Hindustan Times|language=en|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221162344/http://www.hindustantimes.com/india/naxalite-ideology-charu-s-eight-documents/story-hiCWDlzyc5yNRgYkBMX1qL.html|archive-date=2016-12-21|access-date=2018-03-02}}</ref><br />
<br />
== Timeline ==<br />
The communists in 1965-66 already controlled territory in the Naxalbari region. The so-called "Siliguri group" called for initiating an armed struggle, which started the uprising. Many peasant cells were created throughout the region. On 3 March 1967 just a day after the united front had sworn in ministers in West Bengal, some 150 peasants armed with bows and spears, took 300 maunds of paddy or around 11000 kg of paddy and started seizing land. The peasants were enraged that the CPI(M) did not retain workers in the party . By 18 March the peasants started seizing land from [[jotedars]] (landlords who owned large plots of land in the region).<ref name="auto1"/> Peasant committees were set up throughout the region within four months. The first clash occurred between the peasants and landlords when a share-cropper, Bigul Kisan, was beaten up by landlord gentries. Following this, peasant committees seized land, foodgrains and arms from the landlord gentries, leading to violent clashes. The government started mobilizing the police forces to deal with the uprising. <br />
<br />
The inspector of Jharugaon village was killed by peasant committee members. In retaliation, the police opened fire which resulted in the death of nine women and one child on 25 May 1967.<ref name="auto1"/> By June the peasant committees gained hold in the regions around Naxalbari, Kharibari and Phansidewa seizing lands, ammunition and food grains from the jotedars. The [[Tea-garden community of Assam|tea garden worker]] around the Darjeeling region participated in strikes supporting the peasant committees. The upheaval sustained till 19 July when the paramilitary forces were sent by the government. Leaders like [[Jangal Santhal]] were arrested. Some of them like [[Charu Majumdar]] went underground. And others like Tribheni Kanu, Sobham, Ali Gorkha Majhi, and Tilka Majhi were killed.<ref name="auto"/><ref name="auto1"/><br />
<br />
== Recognition and aftermath ==<br />
{{main article|Naxalite–Maoist insurgency}}<br />
The uprising got support from the Communist Party of China<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.marxists.org/subject/china/documents/peoples-daily/1967/07/05.htm|title=Spring Thunder Over India|access-date=2016-12-21|publisher=[[marxists.org]]|language=en|website=[[People's Daily]]}}</ref> simultaneously deteriorating the relation of the later with the [[Communist Party of India (Marxist)]]. The CPI(M) expelled many of its members who supported the uprising. [[Charu Majumdar]], [[Souren Bose]], Mahadeb Mukherjee and [[Dilip Bagchi]] were expelled on the same day. Expelled communists later on organised themselves into one organisation ('''AICCCR''') further developing into the CPI(ML). CPI(ML) remained the centre of the Naxalite movement till 1975. A large number of enthusiastic youth joined the movement. Although the uprising was suppressed, it remained a landmark in Indian politics which further lead to several other similar kind of movements in parts of Bihar and originated the ongoing [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]].<ref name="auto1"/><br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* [[Kucheipadar tribal movement]]<br />
* [[Lal Sena]]<br />
* [[Naxalite]]<br />
* [[Srikakulam peasant uprising]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
{{Naxalite-Maoist insurgency}}<br />
[[Category:Communist rebellions]]<br />
[[Category:Land rights movements]]<br />
[[Category:Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]]<br />
[[Category:Peasant revolts]]<br />
[[Category:Political uprisings in India]]<br />
[[Category:Rebellions in India]]<br />
[[Category:Riots and civil disorder in India]]<br />
[[Category:1967 in Indian politics]]</div>50.46.235.162