2409:4053:885:C370:0:0:1A17:78AC at 05:02, 28 August 2021

2021-08-28T05:02:02Z

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2018}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Nawabganj
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = town
| image_skyline = Tahsil nawabganj map.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption = Map of Tahsil Nawabganj (Bareilly) as per Census 2011
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|28.540|N|79.633|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Bareilly district|Bareilly]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 393
| population_total = 39241 <ref name="census2011_800871" />
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 262406
| registration_plate = UP 25
| website = https://nawabganj.in
| footnotes =
}}
'''Nawabganj''' ({{indic|lang=hi|defaultipa=nəbəb'gəndʒ|indic=नवाबगञ्ज|trans=navābganj}} {{indic|lang=ur|indic=نوابگنج|trans=navābganj}}) (also spelled as Nawabgunj<ref name="BareillySettlementMoens_1874"/> and Nawabgunge<ref name="BareillySettlementMoens_1874"/> in [[British Raj]]) is a [[Nagar palika]] and an [[administrative subdivision]] (or [[tehsil]] or [[pargana]]) of [[Bareilly]] [[district]] in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. A [[Sub Divisional Magistrate]], also called Sub Divisional Officer, or pargana-adhikari (literally pargana-officer) is the head official.

Under the three-tier [[Panchayat Raj]] Institution system,<ref name="UP_Panchayat_Overview"/> Nawabganj comes under Bareilly Zila ([[List of districts in India|district]]) Panchayat ([[District Councils of India|ZP]]) and is a headquarters of [[block panchayat]] covering 86 [[gram panchayat]]s.<ref name="UP_Panchayat_raj"/><ref name="UP_Panchayat_raj_dept"/><ref name="UP_PanchayatAct1961"/> There are 1007 gram panchayats in Bareilly district<ref name="BareillyVillagePanchayatList"/> and 52,002 Gram Panchayats in the Uttar Pradesh state.<ref name="UP_Panchayat_Overview"/>

==History==
Nawabganj was originally called '''Bijauria'''. The present name refers to a market built here under [[Asaf-ud-Daula]], who was [[Nawab of Oudh]] in the late 1700s. The market quickly came to prosper, benefitting from its advantageous position on the road from [[Bareilly]] to [[Pilibhit]], and in 1815 it was made the headquarters of a newly created [[tehsil]] and [[pargana]] (it had previously been part of [[Karor]] pargana in Bareilly tehsil). Around the turn of the 20th century, Nawabganj was described as a compactly built town, with markets held four times a week and generating significant trade in local produce. A large fair was held on the festival day of [[Vijayadashami|Dasahra]]. The population in 1901 was 4,199, consisting of 2,352 [[Hindu]]s, 1,819 [[Muslim]]s, and 28 [[Christians]].<ref name="Gazetteer">{{cite book |last1=Nevill |first1=H.R. |title=Bareilly - A Gazetteer |date=1911 |publisher=Government Press |location=Allahabad |page=246-52 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.47989 |access-date=26 January 2021}}</ref>

== Demographics and geography ==
In 1865, the population of Nawabganj town was 4,418 and population of Nawabganj pargana was 1,22,264. Population growth between 1891 and 1901 was only 2.2%<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol7_1908"/> because of severe [[Upper Doab famine of 1860–1861|droughts in 1860-61]] and 1869-70.<ref name="BareillySettlementMoens_1874"/><ref name="Drought1868_70"/>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Nawabganj Tahsil ([[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]] Vol 10, 1886, page 246<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol10_1886_2ndEdition_page246"/>)
|
'''Nawābganj''' — Central ''tahsil'' of Bareli (Bareilly) District, [[North Western Provinces]], conterminous with the ''pargana'' of Nawabganj; consisting of a well-tilled portion of the level Rohilkhand plain, with a few shallow grooves cut therein by numerous rivers and canals, which form its most salient feature. The principal of these rivers, proceeding from east to west, are the following:— Deoha, Apsāra, Pangaili, Bahgul, Nakatia and Deoraniya, with several tributaries and irrigation distributary canals. Population (1871) 1,24,276; (1881) 1,17,002, namely, males 62,931 and females 54,071. decrease in population since 1872, 7274, or 5.8 percent in nine years. Classified according to religion, the population in 1881 consisted of — Hindus, 95,470; Muhammadans, 21,531; and 1 'other'. Of the 303 villages in 1881, 227 contained less than five hundred inhabitants; 61 from five hundred to a thousand; 12 from one to one to two thousand; and only 3 from two to three thousand.

According to the official statement in 1878, Nawabganj tahsil contains an area of 226 {{frac|1|3}} square miles, of which 177 square miles were then cultivated. Of the total cultivated area, [[Kharif crop|autumn crops]] occupy 73.15 percent, and [[Rabi crop|spring crops]] 26.85 percent. The principal autumn staples are [[rice]], [[Sugarcane|sugar-cane]], and [[Pearl millet|bajra]]; and the principal [[Rabi crop|spring crops]], [[wheat]] and [[barley]]. The area irrigated, either by artificial works, or by natural overflow of [[Indo-Gangetic Plain|alluvial lands]], is returned at 57 percent of the cultivated area. The Government land revenue in 1878 amounted to [[Pound sterling|£]]22,803, or an average of 4[[Shilling|s]]. 7{{frac|3|4}}[[Penny (British pre-decimal coin)|d]]. per cultivated acre. Total Government land revenue, including local rates and [[cess]]es levied on the land, [[Pound sterling|£]]25,242. Estimated total rental paid by the cultivators (a large proporation of which is paid in kind), [[Pound sterling|£]]36,720.

The landholding classes are principally [[Islam in India|Muhammadans]], [[Kayastha|Kayasths]], [[Kurmi]]s, and [[Brahmin|Brahmans]]. About 47 percent of the cultivated area is cultivated by [[Kurmi]]s, 8.6 percent by [[Brahmin|Brahmans]], and 6.6 percent by [[Chamar]]s. [[Tenant farmer|Tenants]] with rights of occupancy<ref name="LandSystem1892_OccupancyRight"/> are more than three times as numerous as any other class of cultivators. [[Jaggery|Sugar-boiling]] is the only important manufacture. The chief [[Bazaar|local marts for surplus produce]] are Nawabganj, [[Saithal]], [[Baraur]], and [[Hafizganj]]. The first and last being situated on the only road in the tahsil, the [[Gravel road|metalled]] line from Bareli to Pilibhit, and also on or near the newly opened Pilibhit branch of the [[Oudh and Rohilkhand Railway]]. In 1883, Nawabganj tahsil contained 1 criminal court, with 2 police circles ([[Police station#India|thana]]s), regular police force numbering 29 men, and a village watch or rular police of 229 ''chaukidars''.
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Nawabganj Town ([[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]] Vol 10, 1886, page 246-247<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol10_1886_2ndEdition_page246"/>)
|
'''Nawābganj''' — Town in Bareli (Bareilly) District, [[North-Western Provinces]], and headquarters of Nawabganj ''tahsil''; situated on the metalled road between Bareli and Pilibhit, 19 miles north-east of the former town. Nawabganj was founded between 1775 and 1797 by [[Asaf-Ud-Dowlah|Asaf-ud-Daula]], Nawab of [[Awadh|Oudh]]. Population (1881) 4,343. Besides the usual tahsil courts and offices, Nawabganj contains a first-class police station, imperial post-office, and Anglo-vernacular school.
|}
::The town of Hafizganj already existed when Nawabganj was founded. [[Hafiz Rahmat Khan]] founded Hafizganj in order to offer merchants a resting place on the road from Bareilly to Pilibhit. New ''ganjes'' or ''quasbas'' were established to lure foreign trade and credit towards the [[Rohilla]] territories.<ref name="RohillaRiyasat_Hafizganj"/>

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Nawabganj Tahsil ([[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]] Vol 18, 1908, page 427 <ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol18_1908"/>)
|
'''Nawābganj Tehsil''' — East Central ''tahsil'' of Bareilly District, [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Provinces]], conterminous with the ''pargana'' of the same name, lying between 28° 21′ and 28° 39′ N. and 79° 28′ and 79° 47′ E., with an area of 221 square miles. Population increased from 1,24,349 in 1891 to 1,27,160 in 1901. There are 308 villages and three towns, none of which has a population of 5000. The demand for land revenue in 1903-4 was Rs. 2,51,000 and for cesses Rs. 42,000. The density of population, 575 persons per square miles, is below the District average. The ''tahsil'' is a gently sloping plain, intersected by several small rivers from which canals are drawn. It is not so damp as the [[Baheri]] ''tahsil'' to the north, but the increase in population between 1891 and 1901 was less than in the south of District. [[Rice]] and [[Sugarcane|sugar-cane]] are largely grown. In 1903-4, 178 square miles were cultivated, of which 55 were irrigated. Canals supply half the irrigated area, and wells most of the remainder.<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol18_1908_page427"/>
|}

[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]] Vol 7 1908,<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol7_1908"/> gives statistics of area and population of Nawabganj Tehsil as follows:

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Area and Population of Nawabganj Tehsil in year 1901<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol7_1908"/>
|-
! Area in square miles !! Number of towns !! Number of Villages !! Population !! Population per square miles !! Percentage of variation in population between 1891 and 1901 !! Number of persons able to read and write
|-
| 221 || 3 || 308 || 1,27,160 || 575 || +2.2 || 1404
|}

{| class="wikitable"
|+ Agriculture statistics of Nawabganj Tehsil in year 1901 (in square miles)<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol7_1908"/>
|-
! Total !! Cultivated !! Irrigated !! Cultivated waste
|-
| 221 || 178 || 55 || 12
|}

;Nawabganj Experimental Sugar Factory
The area was known for ingenious production of [[Jaggery|gur]] and [[sugar]]. Earliest known reference of this in [[British India]] is found in [[The Louisiana Planter and Sugar Manufacturers]] journal dated 18 January 1919.<ref name="Louisiana"/> The report titled "The Improvement of the Indigenous Methods of Gur and Sugar making in the United Provinces" was published in 1916 in [[Imperial Agricultural Research Institute]] Bulletin 82, 1916 <ref name="ArchiveOrg"/> by [[William Edward Hulme]], Sugar Engineer Expert to Government of India and [[R. P. Sanghi]], [[Sugar Chemist]], [[Nawabganj Experimental Factory]]. Reference to the paper (IOR/V/27/515/31 1916) can be found in [[British Library]].<ref name="BritishLib"/>

[[Nawabganj Experimental Factory]] was erected in 1914–15. The site chosen was a government farm.<ref name="Louisiana"/>

As a sugar engineer, William Hulme was assigned to study the indigenous methods of sugar manufacture with a view to determining the best methods of extracting and concentrating the juice for the manufacture of ''gur'' and white sugar respectively, both on the scale within the means of individuals or small groups of cultivators, and on a scale suited to the resources of capitalists now engaged in the industry in India.<ref name="WilliamHulme1912_1"/><ref name="WilliamHulme1912_2"/>

[[File:Nawabganj Experimental Sugar Factory (1914-15).jpg|thumb|alt=Nawabganj Experimental Sugar Factory (1914–15)|Nawabganj Experimental Sugar Factory (1914–15)]]

;Rivers
'''Pungheli'''
The Pungeilee rises in a jheel near Mouzah Bhugnera in Pergunnah Jehanabad, traverses Jehanabad and Nawabgunj, and joins the Apsurha at Moondeea. It is fed by springs in its bed which is of clay and sand. The stara pierced through in sinking wells of the bridge on the pillibheet road were alternately clay and sand down to 20 feet below the surface, when boulders were first met with.<ref name="BareillySettlementMoens_1874"/>

'''Kandu'''
The Kandoo is a small stream which rises near Aspore in Pergunnah Nawabgunj, and falls into the east Bygool and Bhursur in Crore. It is crossed by the Pillibheet road by an old masonry bridge near Sithra in Nawabgunj. The banks are steep, and there is very little irrigation from it.<ref name="BareillySettlementMoens_1874"/>

'''Begul River Canals'''
The Bygool Canals take their origin from the Roodpore and Bhanpore earthen dams, and the Chooreyli and Giram masonry dams. After leaving the [[Terai]], they run through Jehanabad, Ritcha, and Nawabgunj Pergunnahs. They consist of a group of small water-courses known as the Burha feeder, and the Sisona, Bhanpore, Nukutpore, Suseynia, Chooreylee, Girem, and Ougunpore Rujbuhas. None of them are more that about 10′ in width, and their velocity is 3′ per second. They can irrigate about 30,000 acres per year.<ref name="BareillySettlementMoens_1874"/>

==Politics==

* Present Member of Parliament (MP) in Lok sabha : Mr. [[Santosh Gangwar]], Bhartiya Janta party, holding the charge of State Minister of Finance Ministry, in Government of India

* Present Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) : Vacant.
Mr. Kesar Singh Gangwar, who made fun of the masks belonging to Bhartiya Janta Party died of Corona. He was the MLA.

* Present Chairperson of Nagar Palika : Mrs. Shehla Tahir, Samajwadi party

==Education==
* University-

* Mahatma Jyotiba Phule Rohilkhand University (Bareilly)

* Graduation College-

*Adarsh Mahavidyalaya Hardua Nawabganj
* Gangasheel Mahavidyalaya, Faijullapur, Nawanganj
* Lal Bahadur Shastri Group Of Education institutions Hardua Kifaytulla Nawabganj, Bareilly

* Inter College-

* Jay Prakash Narayan (JPN) Inter College
* Shri Krishna Inter College
* Jesus and Mary Inter College
* Government Girls Inter College
* R P GANGWAR INTER COLLEGE
* Spice Children Academy<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sites.google.com/site/spicenbj/|title=SPICE School, Nawabganj, Bareilly U.P. India 262406|website=sites.google.com|access-date=2016-04-22}}</ref>
* Standard Moral Junior High School
* Jesus and Mary Institute of Distance Learning
* Mission Public School
* St. Thomas
* St. Paul
* Lalta Prasad SVM Inter college Nawabganj Bareilly
* Khushi technical training centre Ghass Mandi Nawabganj

==Tourism==
Nearby points of interest include:
* Shree Ganesh jewellers
* Bijauria Railway Station (3.1 km)
* Kainchi pul (near Bijauria Railway Station)
* Laal pul (near Bijauria Railway Station)
* Kamani Brige (Purana Pul)
* Jama Masjid (River bank of Panghaili)
* Bareilly (32  km)
* [[Nainital]] (142  km)
* Pilibhit (21  km)
* World-famous [[Jim Corbett National Park]] (178 km)
* [[Dudhwa National Park]] (120  km)
* Sitarganj (56 km)
* Haridwar (311 km)
* Nanakmatta, Nanaksagar (65 km)
* Mahendera Nagar (Nepal) (87 km)
* [[Pilibhit Tiger Reserve]] (55 km)
* Sethal (12 km)
* Hafiz Ganj (9.1 km)
* Barkhan (8.2 km)
* Oswal Sugar Mill Aurangabaad (5.1 km)
*purana pull
*Grem Dam ( 2 km )
*Shiv polyhouse grem (3 km)
*Ahemdabad ( Village of keshar Singh MLA )

==See also==
* [[Administrative divisions of India]]
* [[Divisions of Uttar Pradesh]]
* [[Bareilly division]]
* [[Bareilly (Lok Sabha constituency)]]
* [[Municipal governance in India]]
* [[District Councils of India|Zilla Panchayat (ZP)]]
* [[District Rural Development Agencies (India)|District Rural Development Agencies (DRDA)]]
* [[Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly]]

==References==
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="BareillySettlementMoens_1874">{{cite book|author=S. M. Moens|title=Report on the Settlement of the Bareilly District, North-Western Provinces|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2XMIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA3|access-date=2015-04-07|year=1874|publisher=North-Western Provinces' Government Press|page=3}}</ref>
<ref name="BareillyVillagePanchayatList">{{cite web |url=http://panchayatdirectory.gov.in/adminreps/viewpansumSQL.asp?selstate=130&pno=1&ptype=V&parenttype=D |title=Village Panchayat Names of BAREILLY, UTTAR PRADESH |publisher=Panchayatdirectory.gov.in |access-date=2015-04-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150413120658/http://panchayatdirectory.gov.in/adminreps/viewpansumSQL.asp?selstate=130&pno=1&ptype=V&parenttype=D |archive-date=2015-04-13 }}</ref>
<ref name="UP_Panchayat_raj">[http://panchayat.gov.in/panchayatup/index.do?siteid=34&sitename=UTTAR%20PRADESH%20State%20Panchayati%20Raj%20Portal&cToken=237995056 ]{{dead link|date=April 2015}}</ref>
<ref name="UP_Panchayat_raj_dept">{{cite web|url=http://panchayatiraj.up.nic.in |title=Panchayati Raj Department - Govt of Uttar Pradesh |publisher=Panchayatiraj.up.nic.in |date=2013-06-13 |access-date=2015-04-07}}</ref>
<ref name="UP_PanchayatAct1961">{{cite web|url=http://panchayatiraj.up.nic.in/Acts_n_Rules.aspx |title=Act and Rules - Panchayati Raj (UP)|access-date=2015-04-12}}</ref>
<ref name="UP_Panchayat_Overview">{{cite web |url=http://www.panchayat.gov.in/pris1 |title=Panchayati Raj Institutions |publisher=MINISTRY OF PANCHAYATI RAJ |access-date=2015-04-12 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://archive.is/20150413020949/http://www.panchayat.gov.in/pris1 |archive-date=2015-04-13 }}</ref>
<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol7_1908">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/imperialgazettee07greauoft |title=The Imperial gazetteer of India : Great Britain. India Office |date= |access-date=2015-04-07}}</ref>
<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol18_1908">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/details/imperialgazettee18greauoft |title=The Imperial gazetteer of India : Great Britain. India Office |date= |access-date=2015-04-07}}</ref>
<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol18_1908_page427">{{cite web|url=https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V18_433.gif |title=Imperial Gazetteer2 of India, Volume 18, page 427 - Imperial Gazetteer of India - Digital South Asia Library |publisher=Dsal.uchicago.edu |date=2013-02-18 |access-date=2015-04-07}}</ref>
<ref name="ImperialGazetteerVol10_1886_2ndEdition_page246">{{cite book|author=Sir William Wilson Hunter|title=The Imperial Gazetteer of India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=GrUBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA246|access-date=2015-04-07|year=1886|publisher=Trübner & Company|page=246}}</ref>
<ref name="Drought1868_70">{{cite book|title=A Narrative of the Drought and Famine which Prevailed in the North-West Provinces During the Years 1868, 1869, and Beginning of 1870|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xLkIAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA28|access-date=2015-04-07|year=1871|publisher=printed at the Government Press, North-Western Provinces|page=28}}</ref>
<ref name="Louisiana">{{cite book|title=Planter and Sugar Manufacturer|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HcPmAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA42|access-date=2015-04-07|volume=62|year=1919|page=42}}</ref>
<ref name="ArchiveOrg">{{cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/n01memoirsbotani11impeuoft/n01memoirsbotani11impeuoft_djvu.txt |title=Full text of "Memoirs ... Botanical series" |date= |access-date=2015-04-07}}</ref>
<ref name="BritishLib">{{cite web|url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/rd/ba515f00-b7b1-4582-8233-b1bf2350aee6 |title=Hulme, William and Singh, Ram Richi Pal, Note on the improvement of the indigenous methods of gur and sugar making in the United Provinces and a report on the Government Experimental Sugar Factory, Nawabganj, Bareilly District. Allahabad, 1916 | The National Archives |publisher=Discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk |date= |access-date=2015-04-07}}</ref>

<ref name="RohillaRiyasat_Hafizganj">{{cite book|author=Jos J. L. Gommans|title=The Rise of the Indo-Afghan Empire: C. 1710-1780|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-2TH8UYeAaoC&q=hafizganj&pg=PA156|access-date=2015-04-07|year=1995|publisher=BRILL|isbn=90-04-10109-8|page=156}}</ref>
<ref name="WilliamHulme1912_1">{{cite book|author=India. Dept. of Agriculture|title=Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TcIxAQAAMAAJ&q=Hulme&pg=RA5-PA331|access-date=2015-04-07|year=1906|pages=5–}}</ref>>
<ref name="WilliamHulme1912_2">{{cite book|author=India. Dept. of Agriculture|title=Agriculture and Animal Husbandry in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TcIxAQAAMAAJ&q=Hulme&pg=RA2-PA97|access-date=2015-04-07|year=1906|pages=2–}}</ref>
<ref name="LandSystem1892_OccupancyRight">{{cite book|author=Baden Henry Baden-Powell|title=The Land-systems of British India|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=b4RMAAAAMAAJ&q=Occupancy-Right&pg=PA252|access-date=2015-04-07|volume=2|year=1892|publisher=Clarendon Press|page=252|chapter=book 3. The system of village of Mahái}}</ref>

<ref name="census2011_800871">{{cite web |url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=143227 |title=Census of India: Search Details |publisher=Censusindia.gov.in |access-date=2015-04-07 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150924043038/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=143227 |archive-date=2015-09-24 }}</ref>
}}

==External links==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20120511221708/http://upgov.nic.in/ Government of Uttar Pradesh]
* [http://bareilly.nic.in Bareilly official website (NIC)]
{{Bareilly district}}
{{Historical regions of Rohilkhand}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Bareilly district]]

Nawabganj, Bareilly - Revision history

Surendra Sharma: enhanced section additionally and improved wording

2409:4053:885:C370:0:0:1A17:78AC at 05:02, 28 August 2021