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{{Infobox settlement
| name = Navdatoli
| native_name = नव्दातोदी
| native_name_lang = hi
| other_name = Nawdatodi
| settlement_type = Ancient Village
| image_skyline = File:NavdatoliGoblet1300BCE.jpg
| image_caption = Ceramic goblet from Navdatoli, Malwa, 1300 BCE; [[Malwa culture]]<ref>{{Citation|last=PHGCOM|title=Goblet from Navdatoli, Malwa, ca. 1300 BCE|date=2008|url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:NavdatoliGoblet1300BCE.jpg|access-date=2018-03-14}}</ref>
| pushpin_map = India Madhya Pradesh
| coordinates = {{coord|22.162|N|75.583|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Madhya Pradesh]]
}}
'''Navdatoli''' is the name of a modern day village, but can also refer to a [[Chalcolithic]] era settlement located on the [[Narmada River]] in [[Madhya Pradesh]] in central India.<ref name="Hamlin 1973">{{Cite journal|last=Hamlin|first=Carol|date=Aug 1973|title= Chalcolithic Navdatoli: ''The Excavations at Navdatoli, 1957-59''. H. D. Sankalia, S. B. Deo, Z. D. Ansari|journal= American Anthropologist|series=New Series|volume=75| issue = 4|pages=1115–1117|doi=10.1525/aa.1973.75.4.02a01400|doi-access=}}</ref> The ancient village was inhabited through four temporal stages, each defined by distinct types of pottery.<ref name="Ghosh 1958">{{Cite journal|last=Ghosh|first=A.|date=1958|title=Excavation at Navdatoli|journal=Indian Archaeology, A Review|volume=1957-1958|pages=30–32}}</ref> The site was originally excavated between 1957 and 1959 over two seasons.<ref name="Hamlin 1973" /> Both the village and the site are located roughly a mile south of the modern day town of [[Maheshwar]].

==History==
It is an important chalcolithic site located on the opposite side of the [[Narmada River]] dating back to 2nd millennium BCE. The region was a stronghold of Buddhism since 2nd century BCE. [[Kasrawad]] (6 km southeast of Navdatoli) has many Buddhist remains and stupas which are considered sites of national importance.

== Archaeological Site ==

The archaeological site was defined by 4 distinct mounds and excavated by researchers from [[Deccan College Post-Graduate and Research Institute|Deccan College]].<ref name="Hamlin 1973" /> Mounds I, II, and III were partially excavated in 1957-1958.<ref name="Hamlin 1973" /> Mound IV was completely excavated over two seasons between 1957 and 1959.<ref name="Hamlin 1973" /> Numerous rectangular and circular structures were uncovered; These contained most of the artifacts that were found.<ref name="Sankalia 1967">{{Cite journal|last=Sankalia|first=H. D.|date=June 1967|title=The Socioeconomic Significance of the Lithic Blade Industry of Navdatoli, Madhya Pradesh, India|journal=Current Anthropology|volume=8| issue = 3|pages=262–268|doi=10.1086/200803|s2cid=143805238 }}</ref> The houses mostly consisted of a single room and were made of [[wattle and daub]].<ref name="Sankalia 1967" /> Lime was used on the floors and walls in an effort to prevent insects from entering the living space.<ref name="Ghosh 1958" /> The wattle of the houses were made of either acacia or conifer and were interwoven with bamboo.<ref name="Sankalia 1967" /> Most houses had a fireplace and a stone slab that was used for grinding and mashing grain.<ref name="Sankalia 1967" /> Pottery of varying styles including [[Malwa culture|Malwa]], [[Jorwe culture|Jorwe]], Black and Red Ware, Cream-Slipped Ware, and Grey-Ware were also commonly found within the houses .<ref name="Hamlin 1973" /><ref name="Sankalia 1967" /> Similarities between Navdatoli pottery and certain Iranian ceramics have led some to believe the area was colonized by immigrants from the Northwest.<ref name="Hamlin 1973" /> Given the size and number of residences found, along with the length of time the area was occupied, it is estimated that on average roughly 150 individuals lived in the village in its earliest stage.<ref name="Sankalia 1967" /> Evidence of domestic animals including [[Zebu|Indian cattle]], sheep, goats, pigs, and dogs were also found.<ref name="Hamlin 1973" />

== Lithic Production ==

Throughout the roughly 20,000 square feet of area that was excavated, over 30,000 blades, cores, and flakes were found, leading archaeologists to believe the site was a production area for [[Stone tool|lithic tools]].<ref name="Sankalia 1967" /> Nearly all of the tools were made of [[chalcedony]] from the nearby Narmada River.<ref name="Sankalia 1967" /> The same methods of production were used throughout the occupation of the site and it appears that each household was responsible for making their own tools, often the case for contemporary sites.<ref name="Sankalia 1967" /> Blades found at Navdatoli were often longer than those found at other sites within the same time period.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Ghosh|first=A.|date=1960|title=Indian Archaeology, a Review|pages=28}}</ref>

==See also==
*[[Maheshwar]]
*[[Kasrawad]]
*[[Inamgaon]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Archaeological sites in Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Chalcolithic sites of Asia]]
[[Category:Khargone district]]

Navdatoli - Revision history

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