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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2018}}
{{More citations needed|date=October 2014}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Naushehra Pannuan PB46 car bazaar
| native_name PB46 car bazaar

=
| native_name_lang =
| other_name =
| nickname =
| settlement_type = village
| image_skyline = NaushehraPannuan.jpg
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Punjab#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Punjab, India
| coordinates = {{coord|31.3399|N|74.9537|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = [[India]]
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = Tarn Taran
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type = Republic
| governing_body = Government of Punjab
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 218
| population_total = 13936
| population_as_of = 2016
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 143409
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 91 1852
| registration_plate = PB46
| website = {{URL|www.tarntarancity.com}}
| footnotes =
}}

'''Naushehra Pannuan''' is a large village located in the [[Tarn Taran district]] in the [[India]]n State of [[Punjab, India|Punjab]]. The village is believed to be the largest village of the [[Pannu]] [[Jat people|Jatt]] [[Sikh]] clan. Naushehra holds a prominent position in Punjab state politics with a number of state politicians vying for candidacy in the [[Naushera, Punjab|Naushehra]] Constituency each year.

The village experienced violence during the [[Insurgency in Punjab, India|military conflict]] between the [[Government of India|Indian Government]] and [[Khalistan movement|Khalistani separatist groups]] in the 1980s.

==Demographics==
As of the [[2011 Census of India|2011 Census]], the population of the village was 7,785, with 4,096 males and 3,689 females.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/(S(zuxuw5eodpnr0tva1auo4i55))/pca/SearchDetails.aspx?Id=33213|title=Total Number of HouseHold : 569|website=Censusindia.gov.in|accessdate=18 February 2019}}</ref> The census also reported that the village has 4,943 [[Literacy|literate]] and 2,842 illiterate persons.

== History ==
=== Origin ===
According to a local legend, the [[Pannu]] [[Jat people|Jatt]] clan which established Naushehra Pannuan had originally lived near the village of Lachmann Maari in [[Batala]]. One morning, a woman belonging to this clan was harassed by a Muslim [[Chaudhry]] (hereditary landholder) who she killed with a stick. As a result, the clan had to leave that area and settle in the village of Jaura near Tarn Taran. One of the elders of the village became a disciple of Lord Nashriya Shah, who asked the clan to establish a new village, and they founded Naushehra at its current location. The village is named after the Lord Nashriya Shah. The ruins of his tomb and the adjoining mosque are in the northeastern section of the village in Desuwal Patti.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

An alternative legend tells that the village was constructed by Baba Rassal under the spiritual guidance of Baba Mange Shah, the village's other patron. The legend states that Mange Shah blessed Baba Rassal with a 50 [[Paisa|paise]] coin that would double each day. Baba Rassal used this money to construct the town and its mud-brick fortifications including the [[Town wall|village walls]] and [[Town gate|gates]] around the village. In return for his patronage and blessings, Baba Mange Shah asked Baba Rassal not to reveal the source of this money to anyone. However, Baba Rassal was increasingly pressed by his wife and revealed the source of the wealth. As a result, the money stopped doubling and work stopped abruptly. It is believed that this is the reason why the village fortifications appear unfinished. According to this legend, Baba Rassal had six sons, to whom he bequeathed six different ''pattis'' or sections of the village. Desuwal Patti is one of these original ''pattis''.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

=== 17th–18th Century ===
The 10th Sikh Guru, [[Guru Gobind Singh]] Ji, regularly communicated with the ''sangat'' ({{langx|en|fellowship of believers}}) at Naushehra Pannuan through a set of [[Hukamnama]] (orders given in the form of hymns). Four of these formal orders were issued between 1699 and 1702 and are preserved at the local Baba Dhanna [[Gurdwara|Gurudwara]], a major place of [[Sikh]] worship. During this period, Baba Dhanna (from Naushehra Pannuan) served as the gardener of Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, the latter giving his ''[[Kanga (Sikhism)|kanga]]'' ({{langx|en|comb}}) and ''[[dastaar]]'' (turban) to Baba Dhanna.{{Citation needed|date=March 2018}}

Hukamnama from Sri Gobind Singh Ji, to the Sangat at Naushehra: (translated) "To Naushehra Pannauan of Amritsar. Come to Diwali with the offerings for the Guru. Give to no one else. Send tola of gold by draft. Contributors will be blessed. Oct 5th, 1699"{{citation needed|date=September 2018}}{{relevance-inline|date=September 2018}}

People from Naushehra Pannuan played a major role in the rise of [[Sikh]] power during the [[Sikh Empire|Sikh Misl period, 1760–1790]]. People from Naushehra Pannuan were part of the [[Singh Krora Misl]] headed by [[Baghel Singh]] which [[Battle of Delhi (1783)|conquered Delhi]] in 1783.{{Citation needed|date=March 2018}}

=== 19th Century ===
The first reference to Naushehra Pannuan in a book can be found in Buta Singh's ''Geographical description of Punjab'' written in the 1840s. In the book, he reports that Naushehra had "700 homes and 50 shops". He also mentioned that the land was owned by Pannu Jatts.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

The first modern public-development project in Naushehra Pannuan was a local canal extension to the [[Upper Bari Doab Canal|Upper Bari Doab]] irrigation network implemented by the [[British Raj]] in 1859.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}} The villagers helped excavate this canal, and it has irrigated the local farmland since its construction.

The [[1890 flu pandemic]] greatly affected Naushehra, killing a large percentage of its population.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}} As a result of large-scale deaths, the villagers decided to abandon the original town centre, which they believed was riddled with rats, and relocated to outer areas of the village. The citizens of Naushehra moved to the new patti of [[Jagpur]]. Similarly, the villagers of nearby sub-village of Chaudriwala decided to move from the original town centre to the current location of Chaudriwala.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

[[File:NP hospital.JPG|thumb|Hospital at Naushehra Pannuan]]
[[File:NP blockoffice.JPG|thumb|Block Development office at Naushehra Pannuan]]

=== 20th Century ===
==== Pre-independence ====
Development of Naushehra Pannuan continued with the construction of a primary and middle school in 1938. Their ruins can be seen in the north section of the village from [[National Highway 15 (India)|National Highway 15]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}} The post office located in the old bazaar was built during the British rule.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

==== Independence and Partition of India ====
During the [[Partition of India]] in 1947, a large number of Naushehra Pannuan Muslim residents left their homes in the [[bazaar]] to move to [[Pakistan]].{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}} These homes were taken over by the remaining villagers. One prominent Muslim's home was known to be near the village pond. The bricks and earthworks from this home were used to build a bridge that connects Naushehra and Chaudriwaal.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}} Independence brought new institutions such as [[Gram panchayat|Gram Panchayat]] and Block-based administration.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}} As a result of these new institutions, a steady stream of new developments rolled out.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}} First was the previously mentioned bridge in 1956. This was the same year that senior secondary education came to Naushehra in the form of a senior secondary high school. The local Block development office was built in 1961, and was instrumental in rural development around Naushehra Pannuan.

==== 1980s ====
{{See also|Khalistan movement}}
During the [[Insurgency in Punjab, India|turmoil of the 1980s]], as a village located in the rural [[Majha]] region, Naushehra Pannuan suffered due to conflict. The village was a battleground between government and militant forces{{Which|date=April 2018}} for much of the late 1980s. Several [[Drive-by shooting|drive-by shootings]] occurred during this period. One such shooting in 1983 resulted in the deaths of three Hindus.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}} As a result, a number of Hindu families felt a threat to their lives and moved from the village. Some Hindu families were defiant in the face of adversity and resolved to stay in the village. A number of Sikh families chose to leave India to escape the troubles.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

==Gurudwaras, temples and shrines==
[[File:NP gangwala.JPG|thumb|Gangwala Gurudwara]]
[[File:NP thakurdwara.JPG|thumb|Thakurdwara at Naushehra Pannuan]]
[[File:NP samadh.JPG|thumb|Mange Shah Samadh]]
The village features centres of worship for various different religions and belief systems. A major Sikh place of worship is the prominent Baba Dhanna [[Gurdwara|Gurudwara]] on the National Highway 15. This gurudwara is dedicated to Baba Dhanna who was the gardener of the Sri Guru Gobind Singh Ji, and preserves the latter's letters to the village. The gurudwara was reconstructed in the late 1980s. Other Sikh places of worship include Jaggu ki Patti Gurudwara and Gang wala Gurudwara.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

Thakurdwara is a major Hindu temple near the village bazaar. The two patron saints/peers of the village have their shrines in the Desuwaal region. Baba Mange shah Samadh received patronage and popularity over the last 30 years and have since been rebuilt and reconstructed. The site is used for a major religious festival in the honor of Baba Mange Shah, who is considered the founder-saint of the village.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

==Education==
[[File:NP bvn.JPG|thumb|BVN School]]
[[File:NP elementaryschool.JPG|thumb|Sarkari Elementary School]]
The village features many schools at a primary and senior secondary level, which are affiliated with the [[Punjab School Education Board]] and the [[Central Board of Secondary Education]]. Here is the list of major schools in the village:
* Government Senior Secondary School
* National Public School, G.T. Road
* B.V.N Model School
* Government Primary School
* Oxford Public School

==Rivalry and animosity with Sarhali==
Until late in the 20th century, the villages of [[Sarhali, Tarn Taran|Sarhali]] and Naushehra Pannuan were known for their intense rivalry. Marriages between residents of the villages were taboo.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

According to a local legend, Baba Rassal chose two suiters from Sarhali for marriage with his daughters. Two of his sons accompanied the brides to Sarhali to deliver them safely on their wedding day. The two brothers were invited on a hunting trip by the grooms, during which a fight broke out and the brothers were murdered by the Sarhali grooms. The daughters of Baba Rassal were given the heads of their brothers to take back to their home village, where Baba Rassal and Naushehra sought retribution. They lured the Sarhali villagers with the pretext of reconciliation through another marital alliance, and when the ''[[baraat]]'' ({{langx|en|groom's wedding procession}}) arrived the Naushehra villagers murdered them. This was followed by a series of revenge massacres. It is believed that the villagers maintain a watch for approaching mobs from the rival village.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

It is said that the watchtower of Naushehra Pannuan was near the neighbouring town of Kheda.{{Citation needed|date=April 2018}}

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Naushehra Pannuan Bazaar.JPG|Naushehra Pannuan Bazaar
File:NP oldbazaar.JPG|Old Bazaar in Naushehra
</gallery>

==Notable people==
* [[Balbir Singh Pannu ]] (Ex- Sr Vice President SGPC )
* [[Sartaj Singh Pannu]], Film producer and director
* [[Lieutenant colonel|Lieutenant Colonel]] [[Kulwant Singh Pannu]], [[Indian Army]] officer who fought in the 1971 [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971|Indo-Pakistan War]]
* [[Gurpreet Singh (sport shooter)|Gurpreet Singh]], Sport shooter, [[2010 Commonwealth Games|Commonwealth Games 2010]], currently serving in the Indian Army.

==References==
{{Reflist}}
==External links==
*{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PcUK6rxnNyE|title=Naushehra Pannuan|date=22 March 2013|accessdate=18 February 2019|publisher=[[YouTube]]}}

{{Tarn Taran district}}

[[Category:Villages in Tarn Taran district]]

Naushehra Pannuan - Revision history

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