LouieWebb342 at 16:02, 1 February 2026

2026-02-01T16:02:40Z

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{{Use Indian English|date=May 2020}}
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The '''National Policy on Skill Development''' is an umbrella framework devised by the [[Government of India]] to develop employable skills among the youth of the country through learning and producing workers adequately skilled to meet the requirements of industry.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Shrotiya |first1=Shishir |last2=Dhir |first2=Sanjay |last3=Sushil |title=Innovation driven ecosystem for quality skill development in India |journal=Benchmarking|date=November 2018 |volume=25 |issue=8 |page=1463 |doi=10.1108/BIJ-11-2017-0320 |url=https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/BIJ-11-2017-0320/full/html |accessdate=24 May 2020|url-access=subscription }}</ref> India has traditionally had a lower percentage of population of appropriately skilled workers comparable to other economies of the world. In its 11th five-year plan for the financial year 2007-12 suggested actions to increase the skilled workforce in the country to 15 million annually and targeted to skill 150 million people by 2022. In line with the recommendations in the five-year plan and to mitigate the challenges faced by the economy of the shortage of the skilled workforce. The government formulated a skill development policy in 2009, with emphasis given to special courses to be imparted through [[Industrial Training Institute]]s in partnership with the private sector.<ref name="2009Policy">{{cite web |url=https://www.msde.gov.in/assets/images/NationalSkillDevelopmentPolicyMar09.pdf |title=www.msde.gov.in |author= |authorlink= |author2= |date= |format= |work= |publisher= |pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= |accessdate=2020-05-24}}</ref>

In the 12th five-year plan, a further push was given to skill development and employment. The new government at the center in 2014, recognized skill development as an important aspect of the economy and focused on bridging the skill gap of the nation by formulating standards required for quality employment. A dedicated [[Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship]] was formed to look after various activities of skill development.<ref name="2015policy">{{cite web |url=https://www.msde.gov.in/assets/images/Skill%20India/policy%20booklet-%20Final.pdf |title=www.msde.gov.in |author= |authorlink= |author2= |date= |format= |work= |publisher= |pages= |language= |archiveurl= |archivedate= |quote= |accessdate=2020-05-24}}</ref> Similarly, to encourage the corporate sector to participate in employment generation. The government also amended the [[Apprentices Act]] to provide more flexibility to the employers.<ref name="Economictimes">{{cite web |last1=Verma |first1=Prachi |title=Govt is committed to skill development |url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/govt-is-committed-to-skill-development/articleshow/41062740.cms |website=Economic Times |accessdate=24 May 2020}}</ref>

==Initiatives==
Considerable GDP growth of India post-liberalization initiatives of 1991 created immense employment potential. But, this economic growth did not translate into employment and created job shortages for skilled manpower. These challenges highlighted an immediate need for a skill development program in the country.<ref name="Cabral">{{cite journal|last1=Cabral|first1=Clement|last2=Dhar|first2=Rajib Lochan|title=Skill development research in India: a systematic literature review and future research agenda|journal=Benchmarking|volume=26|issue=7|year=2019|pages=2242–2243|issn=1463-5771|doi=10.1108/BIJ-07-2018-0211}}</ref> A broad policy framework was implemented in line with the recommendations of the five-year plan by launching skill development policy of 2009. A special budget was allocated and [[National Skill Development Council|Prime Minister's National Skill Development Council]] was established to strategize skill development programs in the country. Similarly, [[National Skill Development Agency]] was formulated to implement different schemes of the central government in coordination with various states and the private sector. Still, after investing enormous resources in infrastructure and training initiatives, creating a skilled workforce suiting industry requirement could not be achieved.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Kanchan |first1=Sonali |last2=Varshney |first2=Sakshi |title=Skill development initiatives and strategies |journal=Asian Journal of Management Research |date=2015 |volume=5 |issue=4 |page=668 |issn=2229-3795}}</ref> One of the impediments in achieving success in the 2009 policy is attributed to the focus given to [[Vocational Education and Training]] (VET) imparted through ITI's. As a World Bank report in 2008, suggested expanding the VET system as a skill development program would not substantially improve the outcomes.<ref name="Agrawal2013">{{cite journal|last1=Agrawal|first1=Tushar|title=Skill development in India: an examination|journal=Journal of Education and Work|volume=27|issue=6|year=2013|pages=631|issn=1363-9080|doi=10.1080/13639080.2013.787485}}</ref> Whereas (Ahamed, 2016) considering [[National Sample Survey Organisation]] (NSSO) data in his research argues, the net effect of VET's in the Indian context is positive for employment and wages, he further asserts, the reason for that could be specific VET courses and employer participation.<ref name="Ahmed2016">{{cite journal|last1=Ahmed|first1=Tutan|title=Labour market outcome for formal vocational education and training in India: Safety net and beyond|journal=IIMB Management Review|volume=28|issue=2|year=2016|pages=104–105|issn=0970-3896|doi=10.1016/j.iimb.2016.05.002|doi-access=free}}</ref>

After the formation of the new government at the center, the recommendations from the twelfth five-year plan were acted upon. In which much focus was laid on upgrading skill development initiatives by undertaking infrastructural and institutional means. Well designed courses were developed to encourage the participation of youngsters through the largest vocational scheme in The World, the [[Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana]] (PMKVY).{{sfn|Cabral|Dhar|2019|p=2256}} Some corporate houses, in coordination with the government designed the curriculum for the skilling courses and employed the students after completion of respective courses. An executive from one of the leading corporate houses, thus commented: "A partnership of government policy, industry interface and continuing engagement is the key to strengthening our economic prowess." Many industry leaders praised the government for bringing all the skilling activities to a dedicated ministry, which were earlier undertaken by the Finance Ministry.<ref name="Economictimes"/>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*[https://www.msde.gov.in/assets/images/NationalSkillDevelopmentPolicyMar09.pdf Skill Development Policy of 2009]
*[https://www.msde.gov.in/assets/images/Skill%20India/policy%20booklet-%20Final.pdf Skill Development Policy of 2015]

{{Policies of India}}

[[Category:Ministry of Skill Development and Entrepreneurship]]
[[Category:Policies of India]]

National Policy on Skill Development - Revision history

LouieWebb342 at 16:02, 1 February 2026