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{{Short description|Quasi-judicial body in India that adjudicates issues regarding Indian companies. Established under the Companies Act 2013}}{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2019}}
{{Corporate law}}

The '''National Company Law Tribunal''' is a [[quasi-judicial body]] in India that adjudicates issues relating to [[Indian companies]].<ref name=lexology>{{cite web|title=National Company Law Tribunal constituted - new perspectives for dispute resolution|url=http://www.lexology.com/library/detail.aspx?g=b6ddd99b-bba5-46fc-9b12-57206932b31d|publisher=Khaitan & Co|access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref> The tribunal was established under the [[Companies Act 2013]] and was constituted on 1 June 2016 by the government of India and is based on the recommendation of the [[V. Balakrishna Eradi]] committee on law relating to the insolvency and the winding up of companies.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://nclt.gov.in/content/organisation|access-date=20 March 2018|title=Archived copy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180321063535/https://nclt.gov.in/content/organisation|archive-date=21 March 2018|url-status=dead}}</ref>

All proceedings under the [[Companies Act 2013|Companies Act]], including proceedings relating to [[arbitration]], [[compromise]], arrangements, reconstructions and the winding up of companies shall be disposed off by the National Company Law Tribunal. The NCLT bench is chaired by a Judicial member who is supposed to be a retired or a serving High Court Judge and a Technical member who must be from the Indian Corporate Law Service, ICLS Cadre.

The National Company Law Tribunal is the adjudicating authority for the [[insolvency]] resolution process of companies and [[limited liability partnership]]s under the [[Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016]].

No criminal court shall have [[jurisdiction]] to entertain any suit or proceeding in respect of any matter which the Tribunal or the Appellate Tribunal is empowered to determine by or under this Act or any other law for the time being in force and no injunction shall be granted by any court or other authority in respect of any action taken or to be taken in pursuance of any power conferred by or under this Act or any other law for the time being in force, by the Tribunal or the Appellate Tribunal.

The tribunal has sixteen benches, six at [[New Delhi]] (one being the principal bench) and two at [[Ahmedabad]], one at [[Allahabad]], one at [[Bangalore|Bengaluru]], one at [[Chandigarh]], two at [[Chennai]], one at Cuttack, one at [[Guwahati]], three at [[Hyderabad]] of which one is at [[Amaravathi (village), Andhra Pradesh|Amaravathi]],<ref>https://nclt.gov.in/sites/default/files/All-PDF/Constitution%20of%20Benches%20at%20All%20NCLT%20Locations.pdf</ref> one at [[Jaipur]], one at [[Kochi]], two at [[Kolkata]] and five at [[Mumbai]].<ref name="trilegal">{{cite web|title=The National Company Law Appellate Tribunal and the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal Constituted|url=http://www.trilegal.com/index.php/publications/update/the-national-company-law-tribunal-and-the-national-company-law-appellate-tr|publisher=Trilegal|access-date=13 June 2016}}</ref> Of the two new benches approved to be set up, one each in [[Indore]]<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/economy/policy/nclt-benches-to-be-set-up-at-amaravati-indore/articleshow/68321851.cms|title=NCLT benches to be set up at Amaravati, Indore|date=2019-03-08|work=The Economic Times|access-date=2019-04-27}}</ref>and [[Amaravathi (village), Andhra Pradesh|Amaravathi]],<ref name=":0" /> the Indore bench is yet to be notified. Except the Bench at Amaravathi, all the benches have been notified as division benches. Justice [[Mahesh Mittal Kumar|M.M. Kumar]], a retired Chief Justice of the Jammu & Kashmir High Court has been appointed president of the tribunal.<ref name="lexology" />

The National Company Law Tribunal has the power under the Companies Act to adjudicate proceedings:

# Initiated before the [[Company Law Board]] under the previous act (the [[Companies Act 1956]]);
# Pending before the [[Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction]], including those pending under the Sick Industrial Companies (Special Provisions) Act, 1985;
# Pending before the Appellate Authority for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction; and
# Pertaining to claims of oppression and mismanagement of a company, winding up of companies and all other powers prescribed under the Companies Act.

== Appeals ==
Decisions of the tribunal may be appealed to the [[National Company Law Appellate Tribunal]], the decisions of which may further be appealed to the [[Supreme Court of India]] on a point of law. The Supreme Court of India has upheld the [[Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016|Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code]] in its entirety.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.bloombergquint.com/insolvency/supreme-court-upholds-insolvency-and-bankruptcy-code-in-its-entirety|title=IBC: Supreme Court Upholds Insolvency And Bankruptcy Code In Its Entirety|website=BloombergQuint|access-date=2019-02-05}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
*{{Official|http://nclt.gov.in/}}
* [https://www.bloombergquint.com/topic/nclt National Company Law Tribunal] collected news and commentary at [[BloombergQuint]]

{{Quasi-judicial bodies of India}}

[[Category:Indian company law]]
[[Category:Indian Tribunals]]
[[Category:Modi administration]]
[[Category:2016 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Courts and tribunals established in 2016]]

National Company Law Tribunal - Revision history

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