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'''Narsinhbhai Ishwarbhai Patel'''{{efn|{{langx|gu|નરસિંહભાઈ ઈશ્વરભાઈ પટેલ|Narasiṁhabhāī Īśvarabhāī Paṭela}}}} (13 October 1874 – 17 October 1945) was an Indian revolutionary.

Born in a poor [[Patidar]] family in Kheda district, Gujarat he became a government teacher in [[Baroda]]. Narsinhbhai, together with Mohanlal Pandya and Punjabhai Bhatt, formed a group of anti-British revolutionaries from Kheda district. Narsinhbhai learnt [[Bengali language|Bengali]] and became a follower of [[Aurobindo Ghose]] and [[Barindra Kumar Ghosh]]'s revolutionary ideology and translated their works into Gujarati. Although evidence was never presented, the group was suspected to be behind the attempted 1909 assassination of the Viceroy of India [[Gilbert Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, 4th Earl of Minto]] and his wife [[Mary Elliot-Murray-Kynynmound, Countess of Minto]] via hurled bombs in [[Ahmedabad]].<ref name=":0">{{cite encyclopedia |last=Paṭela |first=Maṁgubhāī Rā. |date=1998 |title=Paṭela, Narasiṁhabhāī Īśvarabhāī |url= |encyclopedia=Gujarātī Viśvakośa |location= |publisher= |access-date=|language=gu}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{cite book|language=gu|title=Gujarātano rājakīya ane sāṁskr̥tika itihāsa|volume=9, ājhādī pahelāṁ ane pachī (ī. sa. 1915 thī 1960)|publisher=Śeṭha Bhoḷābhāī Jeśiṁgbhāī Adhyayana-Saṁśodhana Vidyābhava|location=Amadāvāda|editor-first1=Hariprasāda Gaṅgāśaṁkara|editor-last1=Śāstrī|editor-last2=Parīkha|editor-first2=Pravīṇacaṁdra Cimanalāla|chapter=Rājakīya jāgr̥ti: briṭiśa mulakamāṁ (ī. sa. 1915 thī 1931)|last1=Rameśakāṁta Go. Parīkha|page=16}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book|last=Hardiman|first=David|pp=62-63|title=Peasant Nationalists of Gujarat, Kheda District 1917–1934|publisher=Oxford University Press|location=Delhi|year=1981}}.</ref>

Narsinhbhai wrote books on bomb-making under misleading titles such as ''Vanaspatinī Davāo'' ("Herbal Medicines"), ''Nāhavānā Sābu'' ("Bathing Soap"), and ''Kasarata'' ("Exercise"). The police eventually discovered these books in [[Navsari]] and traced their origins to Narsinhbhai, Mohanlal Pandya, and Punjabhai Bhatt. In Punjabhai's trial, Narsinhbhai committed perjury to ensure his acquittal, for which Narsinhbhai was sentenced to two months in prison. Narsinhbhai himself was put on trial but was acquitted thanks to the legal defense by [[Vithalbhai Patel]]. Evidence gathered by the British showed that many bureaucrats of [[Baroda State]] were anti-British revolutionaries, and so the Maharaja [[Sayajirao Gaekwad III]] exiled Narsinhbhai from the state for five years.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

After being released from prison, Narsinhbhai became aware that the British authorities were going to have him arrested again and sent to the [[Cellular Jail]] in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. With the police hot on his trail, Narsinhbhai successively fled to [[Pondicherry]] in [[French India]], [[Colombo]] in [[British Ceylon]], and [[Mwanza]] in [[German East Africa]]. In [[Jinja, Uganda|Jinja]], located in the [[Protectorate of Uganda]] Narsinbhai became friends with [[Charles Freer Andrews]] and from him became acquainted with the philosophy of [[Mahatma Gandhi]].<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /><ref name=":2" />

Narsinhbhai returned to the Kheda district in 1920 and became a [[Gandhians|Gandhian]]. He pushed for social reform in his Patidar caste, arguing against the marriage of older men to younger girls and the practice of dowry, and argued for women's freedom and equality. Narsinbhai was an atheist.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":2" />

Narsinbhai participated in the [[Salt March]] for which he served a six-month prison sentence.<ref name=":0" />

== References ==
{{reflist|group=lower-alpha}}

[[Category:Indian activists]]
[[Category:Indian revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Salt March]]
[[Category:1874 births]]
[[Category:1945 deaths]]

Narsinhbhai Patel - Revision history

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