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	==Early life and education==		==Early life and education==

	Patni was born in 1942 in Delhi, India to a Jain Business family. He attended the University of Roorkee (presently known as the Indian ~~Institutes~~ of Technology (IIT), Roorkee) and graduated with a Bachelors in Electrical Engineering in 1964.<ref name=SL1>Sharma, The Long Revolution (book) {{full citation needed\|date=July 2019}}</ref>		Patni was born in 1942 in Delhi, India to a Jain Business family. He attended the University of Roorkee (presently known as the Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Roorkee) and graduated with a Bachelors in Electrical Engineering in 1964.<ref name=SL1>Sharma, The Long Revolution (book) {{full citation needed\|date=July 2019}}</ref>

	He then received a fellowship from the Grass Foundation <ref name=SL1 /> to study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, MA, arriving in the US in 1964—the year before the Immigration and Naturalisation Act of 1965 started Indian emigration to the US in earnest.<ref>Chakravorty et al, The Other One Percent: Indians in America</ref> Patni obtained a Masters in Electrical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (SM 1966) and an SM from the Sloan School of Management (SM 1969).		He then received a fellowship from the Grass Foundation <ref name=SL1 /> to study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, MA, arriving in the US in 1964—the year before the Immigration and Naturalisation Act of 1965 started Indian emigration to the US in earnest.<ref>Chakravorty et al, The Other One Percent: Indians in America</ref> Patni obtained a Masters in Electrical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (SM 1966) and an SM from the Sloan School of Management (SM 1969).

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{{Use Indian English|date=July 2015}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2015}}
'''Narendra Kumar Patni''' (9 March 1942 – 3 June 2014) was an entrepreneur and IT visionary who founded [[Patni Computer Systems]]<ref name=":0">{{cite news |last1=Divekar |first1=Aditi |title=Narendra Patni, pioneer of India's IT revolution, is dead |url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/narendra-patni-pioneer-of-india-s-it-revolution-is-dead-114060500851_1.html |work=Business Standard India |date=6 June 2014}}</ref> and helped establish the overall Indian IT industry.<ref>{{cite news |title=Pioneer of IT outsourcing, Patni Computer Systems founder Narendra Patni passes away |url=http://www.firstpost.com/business/corporate-business/pioneer-of-it-outsourcing-patni-computer-systems-founder-narendra-patni-passes-away-1973799.html |work=Firstpost}}</ref>
He is considered a "pioneer of India's information technology (IT) services revolution"<ref name=":0" /> and a "doyen of the industry"<ref>{{cite web |last1=Charlie |first1=Adith |title=The first poster boy of Indian IT industry |url=http://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/the-first-poster-boy-of-indian-it-industry/article6090053.ece |website=@businessline |language=en}}</ref> Patni was listed in the Forbes list of India's 40 Richest in 2005.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/business/lists/2005/77/CZLJ.html|title=Narendra Patni, India's 40 Richest - Forbes.com|website=www.forbes.com|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref>

Patni was the founder and CEO of [[Patni Computer Systems]], (PTI, PATNI) with headquarters in Kendall Square, Cambridge and Mumbai, India. Patni Computer Systems employed 18,000 people around the world and was listed on the Bombay and New York Stock Exchanges.

Narendra Patni graduated in Electrical Engineering from the [[Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee]] and had a master's degree in Electrical Engineering from [[Massachusetts Institute of Technology]]. He also held an [[MBA]] from the [[MIT Sloan School of Management]].<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.zdnet.com/outsourcing-pioneer-and-it-icon-narendra-patni-passes-away-7000030431/ |title=Outsourcing pioneer and IT icon Narendra Patni passes away |publisher=ZDNet |date=2014-06-11 |accessdate=2014-07-18 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140714153408/http://www.zdnet.com/outsourcing-pioneer-and-it-icon-narendra-patni-passes-away-7000030431/ |archivedate=14 July 2014 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Patni divided his time between Mumbai, India and Boston, MA.

He died on 3 June 2014 in Boston, MA.

==Early life and education==

Patni was born in 1942 in Delhi, India to a Jain Business family. He attended the University of Roorkee (presently known as the Indian Institutes of Technology (IIT), Roorkee) and graduated with a Bachelors in Electrical Engineering in 1964.<ref name=SL1>Sharma, The Long Revolution (book) {{full citation needed|date=July 2019}}</ref>

He then received a fellowship from the Grass Foundation <ref name=SL1 /> to study at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in Cambridge, MA, arriving in the US in 1964—the year before the Immigration and Naturalisation Act of 1965 started Indian emigration to the US in earnest.<ref>Chakravorty et al, The Other One Percent: Indians in America</ref> Patni obtained a Masters in Electrical Engineering at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (SM 1966) and an SM from the Sloan School of Management (SM 1969).

==Career==

At MIT Patni met Jay W. Forrester, inventor of magnetic core memory, who became his lifelong mentor. After graduating from MIT Patni joined Forrester Consulting Group, which applied "systems analysis approach to complex corporate systems" <ref name=SL1 />

In 1972, Patni was president of Forrester Consulting Group, which advised companies and government agencies on technology issues. It was at this time that Patni and his wife Poonam began to conceptualise and test the idea of "offshoring" technology services.

The site of their initial tests, Patni's residence at 10 St Paul Street, Cambridge, "could qualify as a historic landmark"<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|url=http://archive.boston.com/business/articles/2004/05/25/at_the_center_of_a_culture_shift/|title=At the center of a culture shift - The Boston Globe|website=archive.boston.com|language=en|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref> as this is where Narendra and Poonam experimented with converting data from paper documents to computer databases without relying on any oral communications.<ref name=SL1 /> Patni was convinced of the economic impact that this business model could have and set up Data Conversion, Inc, in October 1972.<ref name=":1" />

Poonam Patni based herself in Pune, India and set up a team of about 20 programmers who entered data into Flexowriter machines for early clients, who included Lexis Nexis, the American Film Institute, and the American Mathematical Society. The paper tape was then converted into magnetic tape and entered into a computer. "At one point of time, DCI was typesetting almost half of the journals published in north-east USA."<ref name=SL1 /> Initially, the paper tape was produced in India and shipped back to the US. A more efficient method was to avoid the paper tape and enter the data directly into computers, on magnetic media.<ref name=SL1 />

[[Patni Computer Systems]] was founded in 1976. This marked the beginning of an evolution in Patni's model from offshore data conversion services to software development services. Initial clients were Data General, Raheja Constructions, and ACC. Patni Computers also became a distributor and later licensed manufacturer of [[Data General]] computers.

In 1977, Patni appointed NR Narayana Murthy to head the software division, who eventually left Patni Computers in 1980 along with six colleagues and went on to found [[Infosys]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/info-tech/The-first-poster-boy-of-Indian-IT-industry/article20793906.ece|title=The first poster boy of Indian IT industry|last=Charlie|first=Adith|website=@businessline|language=en|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref>

In 1999, Patni Computer Systems was restructured as a "pure software operation" It became a "separate entity from PCS Industries Limited".<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/patni-computer-systems-ltd/infocompanyhistory/companyid-16222.cms|title=Patni Computer Systems History {{!}} Patni Computer Systems Information - The Economic Times|website=economictimes.indiatimes.com|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref> In 2001 the software (PATNI) and hardware (PCS Technologies) divisions were separated entirely in branding as well. With the Patni Computer Systems, the software company, being branded as PATNI.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.rediff.com/money/2007/nov/05it1.htm|title=Narendra Patni: The original IT man|website=www.rediff.com|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref>

[[General Atlantic Partners]], a leading global private equity company, invested $100 million in Patni Computer Systems in 2002. It was "one of the most substantial investments made in any Indian software company by an international private investment group and [was] the largest made by General Atlantic in Asia."<ref name="Correspondent">{{Cite news|last=Correspondent|first=Our Staff|url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-business/general-atlantic-to-invest-100-m-in-patni-computers/article27869188.ece|title=General Atlantic to invest $100 m in Patni Computers|date=2002-09-13|work=The Hindu|access-date=2020-03-23|language=en-IN|issn=0971-751X}}</ref>

Patni Computers listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) and National Stock Exchange of India in January 2004. It issued ADRs on the NYSE (ticker: PTI) in December 2005.<ref name="Correspondent"/>

In 2011 software firm [[iGate]] acquired a majority stake in PCS for $1.2 billion.<ref name="Reuters">{{Cite news|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/us-patni-idUSTRE70930620110110|title=iGate, Apax to buy majority stake in Patni for $1.2 billion|date=2011-01-10|work=Reuters|access-date=2020-03-23|language=en}}</ref> This deal was "the second-largest in the high technology sector in terms of deal value, after Oracle Corp's acquisition of majority stake in India's i-flex solutions for more than $1.5 billion, according to Thomson Reuters data."<ref name="Reuters"/> At the time of its acquisition, Patni Computer Systems was the sixth-largest software exporter in India.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Divekar|first=Aditi|url=https://www.business-standard.com/article/companies/narendra-patni-pioneer-of-india-s-it-revolution-is-dead-114060500851_1.html|title=Narendra Patni, pioneer of India's IT revolution, is dead|date=2014-06-06|work=Business Standard India|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref>

==Personal life==

Patni was married for 42 years to Poonam Kapur, who was born in Lucknow, India and emigrated to the US in 1972.<ref name=":1" /> She divides her time between Boston and Mumbai. His son Anirudh (born 1976) is a graduate of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania. Daughter Ambika (born 1979) is a graduate of Harvard University and the London Business School.

A lover of all kinds of music, ranging from Joan Baez to jazz to classical Hindi ghazals, Patni attended the Woodstock music festival in 1969.<ref name=":1" /> He served on the Board of Trustees and was a significant benefactor for Siddhachalam, a major Jain ashram complex and pilgrimage point in New Jersey.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.siddhachalam.org/protected-documents/general-body-past-trustees/|title=Charter Members' Council – Former Trustees {{!}} Siddhachalam|website=www.siddhachalam.org|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref>

==Other==

Patni founded the N.K. Patni Charitable Trust in India and the Patni Family Foundation in the US. Both are active in supporting education and medicine. In 2016, the Patni Family Foundation was a significant funder of the SRCC Children's hospital in Mumbai, India—the largest such facility in Asia.

In 2008, the Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee honoured Narendra Kumar Patni with the Distinguished Alumni Award for Corporate Development, Administration and Entrepreneurship.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.iitr-heritagefund.org/distinguished-alumni-awards|title=Distinguished Alumni - IITRHF|website=www.iitr-heritagefund.org|access-date=2020-03-23}}</ref>

He also received the Light of India Lifetime Achievement Award for Business Leadership in New York in 2012.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eLcoGR2yhAc|title=Narendra Patni honored at Remit2India The Light of India Awards|last=|first=|date=|website=|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=}}</ref>

Narendra Patni died from complications relating to surgery on 3 June 2014.

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Patni, Narendra}}
[[Category:MIT School of Engineering alumni]]
[[Category:MIT Sloan School of Management alumni]]
[[Category:1942 births]]
[[Category:2014 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian Jains]]
[[Category:Indian chief executives]]

Narendra Patni - Revision history

->Qu1xand: /* Early life and education */ Fixed typo

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