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	==See also==		==See also==
	~~{{Portal\|India}}~~
	; Exclusive economic zones		; Exclusive economic zones
	* [[Exclusive economic zone of India]]		* [[Exclusive economic zone of India]]

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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox islands
| name = Narcondam Island
| native_name =
| native_name_link =
| native_name_lang =
| sobriquet =
| image_name = Narcondam I- locale.png
| image_size =
| image_caption = Outline map of the [[Andaman Islands]], with the location of Narcondam Island highlighted (red circle).
| image_alt =
| map = India Andaman and Nicobar Islands#Bay of Bengal
| map_caption = Location in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and in the Bay of Bengal
| coordinates = {{coord|13.45|N|94.27|E|region:IN-AN_type:isle_dim:50000_source:GNS-enwiki|display=inline,title}}
| etymology =
| location = [[Bay of Bengal]]
| archipelago = [[Andaman Islands]]
| waterbody = [[Indian Ocean]]
| total_islands = 1
| major_islands = {{hlist|Narcondam}}
| area_km2 = 7.63
| area_footnotes = <ref name="cit">{{cite web|url=http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf|title=Islandwise Area and Population - 2011 Census|publisher=Government of Andaman|access-date=22 September 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828015509/http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf|archive-date=28 August 2017|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| rank =
| length_km = 4
| width_km = 3.0
| coastline_km = 12.22
| elevation_m = 710
| elevation_footnotes = <ref>{{cite enroute|173|2017|274}}</ref>
| highest_mount =
| country = [[India]]
| country_admin_divisions_title = [[List of districts in India#Andaman and Nicobar (AN)|District]]
| country_admin_divisions = [[North and Middle Andaman district|North and Middle Andaman]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_1 = [[Island group]]
| country_admin_divisions_1 = [[Andaman Islands]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_2 = Island sub-group
| country_admin_divisions_2 = [[East Volcano Islands]]
| country_admin_divisions_title_3 = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsil]]
| country_admin_divisions_3 = [[Diglipur|Diglipur Tehsil]]
| country_largest_city = Narcondam Police Station
| country_largest_city_population = 16
| population = 16
| population_as_of = 2016
| population_footnotes =
| population_rank =
| population_rank_max =
| density_km2 = 2.1
| density_rank =
| density_footnotes =
| ethnic_groups = [[Hindu]], [[Andamanese people|Andamanese]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| timezone1_DST =
| utc_offset1_DST =
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 744202<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.india-codes.com/pincodes/a-n-islands-pin-code |title=A&N Islands - Pincodes |date=2016-09-22 |accessdate=2016-09-22 |url-status=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140323224041/http://www.india-codes.com/pincodes/a-n-islands-pin-code |archivedate=2014-03-23 }}</ref>
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 031927 <ref>[http://allcodesindia.in/stdcode/andaman+and+nicobar.php code]</ref>
| website = {{URL|http://www.and.nic.in/}}
| iso_code_type = [[ISO 3166-2:IN|ISO code]]
| iso_code = IN-AN-00<ref>Registration Plate Numbers added to ISO Code</ref>
|additional_info = {{Infobox|child=yes
| label2 = Literacy | data2 = 84.4%
| label3 = Avg. summer temperature| data3 ={{convert|30.2|°C|°F}}
| label4 = Avg. winter temperature| data4 ={{convert|23.0|°C|°F}}
| label5 = [[Human sex ratio|Sex ratio]]| data5 =1.2[[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| label7 = Census Code| data7 = 35.639.0004
| label8 = Official Languages| data8 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]], [[English language|English]]
}}
}}
{{Infobox mountain
| name = Narcondam mountain
| elevation_m = 710
| elevation_ref =
| prominence =
| listing =
| location = [[Andaman Islands]], [[India]]
| type = [[Stratovolcano]]
| age =
| last_eruption = Unknown
}}

'''Narcondam''', India's easternmost Island, is a small [[volcano|volcanic]] island located in the northern [[Andaman Sea]]. The island's peak rises to 710 m [[above mean sea level]], and it is formed of [[andesite]]. It is part of the [[Andaman Islands]], the main body of which lie approximately {{convert|74|km|0|abbr=on}} to the west.The island is part of the [[India]]n [[union territory]] of [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]. The island is small, covering an area of approximately 6.8 square kilometres.<ref>{{cite journal|author1=Yahya, H. S. A. |author2=Zarri, A. A. |year=2002|title=Status, ecology and behaviour of Narcondam Hornbill (''Aceros narcondami'') in Narcondam Island, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India|journal=J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. |volume=99|issue=3|pages=434–445}}</ref> It was classified as a [[dormant volcano]] by the [[Geological Survey of India]].

==Etymology==
The name Narcondam could have been derived from the Tamil word ''naraka-kundram (நரககுன்றம்)'',<ref>{{Cite journal
| volume = s5-7
| issue = 42
| pages = 441–456
| last = Washington
| first = H. S.
| title = The lavas of Barren Island and Narcondam
| journal = American Journal of Science
| date = 1924-06-01
| doi=10.2475/ajs.s5-7.42.441
}}</ref> meaning "a pit of Hell," although this may be the result of confusion between it and Barren Island.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0600-001 |title=Narcondum |accessdate=2010-04-21 |publisher=The National Museum of Natural History }}</ref>

==History==
Until 1986 [[Burma]] claimed sovereignty over the island. This claim was given up on reaching agreement with India on the delimitation of the [[maritime boundary]] between the two nations in the Andaman Sea, the Coco channel and the Bay of Bengal.<ref>Charney, Jonathan I. & Alexander, Lewis M.; ''International maritime boundaries, Volumes 2-3''; American Society of International Law, Report 6-3, pg. 1329-1336; Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 1998</ref>
<ref>[https://books.google.com/books?id=Vl3GWhO8RSUC&pg=PA145&lpg=PA145&dq=Narcondam+Island+(Police+post)&source=bl&ots=65tQS7QrPt&sig=1eYv7N8seH_rhWhlAOTveqCe1PU&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjcsODllqPPAhXDtRQKHemmB3gQ6AEITDAH#v=onepage&q&f=false Book]</ref>
There is a [[lighthouse]] on the slopes of Narcondam, established 1983.
<ref name="light">{{cite web|url=http://www.dgll.nic.in/LightHouse.aspx?Consent_id=215&Module_id=16&LocationId=10&LangId=1|publisher=www.dgll.nic.in|title=Government of India, Directorate General of Lighthouses and Lightships.|accessdate=2016-10-18}}</ref>

==Geography==
The island lies {{convert|256|km|0|abbr=on}} northeast from [[Port Blair]]. Further to the south west (approximately {{convert|150|km|0|abbr=on}}) lies the [[active volcano]] island of [[Barren Island (Andaman Islands)|Barren Island]]. Narcondam Island is about {{convert|260|km|abbr=on}} miles from [[Burma]], and is almost {{convert|1300|km|abbr=on}} miles from [[Vishakhapatnam]] (part of the mainland of [[India]]). It belongs to the [[East Volcano Islands]]. The island is small, having an area of {{convert|7.63|km2|abbr=on}}.

The island is largely forested. The island is formed from a volcano, which had not known to have been active in recent times, until on 8 June 2005 there were reports of "mud and smoke" being ejected from the volcano. The [[2004 Indian Ocean earthquake]] is thought to have caused magma to move underground and may be related to the current activity. If the reports were accurate this would alter the scientific status of Narcondam to [[active volcano|active]].
Narcondam Island holds the easternmost point of the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]].

===Narcondam Mountain===
Narcondam Island's volcanic mountain, at 710 meters is the second tallest point in the [[Andaman and Nicobar Islands]], the first being [[Saddle Peak (Andaman Islands)|Saddle Peak]], [[North Andaman Island]] at 752 meters.

==Administration==
Narcondam Island belongs to the [[North and Middle Andaman district|North and Middle Andaman]] administrative [[Districts of India|district]],<ref name="census">{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011-VillageDirectory/Directory/short_code_rural_35.pdf|title=Village Code Directory: Andaman & Nicobar Islands|publisher=Census of India|accessdate=16 January 2011}}</ref> and is part of [[Diglipur]] [[Tehsils of India|Taluk]].<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf |title=Tehsils |access-date=22 September 2016 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170828015509/http://andssw1.and.nic.in/ecostat/basicstatPDF2013_14/1.Demogrpahy.pdf |archive-date=28 August 2017 |url-status=dead }}</ref> The village is near the [[Police]] station.

==Transportation==
Narcondam Island is accessible through ships that run from Diglipur. A helicopter facility is also available.

== Demographics ==
There is only 1 village.
According to the [[2011 census of India]], the Island has 1 household. The effective literacy rate (i.e. the literacy rate of population excluding children aged 6 and below) is 100%.<ref name="census_2011">{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3500_PART_B_DCHB_ANDAMAN%20&%20NICOBAR%20ISLANDS.pdf |title=District Census Handbook - Andaman & Nicobar Islands |work=[[2011 Census of India]] |publisher=Directorate of Census Operations, Andaman & Nicobar Islands |accessdate=2015-07-21 |url-status=dead |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150801173328/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/3500_PART_B_DCHB_ANDAMAN%20%26%20NICOBAR%20ISLANDS.pdf |archivedate=2015-08-01 }}</ref>

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|+ Demographics (2011 Census)<ref name="census_2011"/>
! !! Total !! Male !! Female
|-
| Population || 16|| 16|| 0
|-
| Children aged below 6 years || 0|| 0|| 0
|-
| [[Scheduled caste]] || 0 || 0 || 0
|-
| [[Scheduled tribe]] || 16|| 16|| 0
|-
| Literates || 16|| 16|| 0
|-
| Workers (all) || 16|| 16|| 0
|-
| Main workers (total) || 16|| 16|| 0
|}
The 16 residents (all supervisory police personnel) are all living in a single household on the northeast corner.
They harvest coconuts and bananas on a small plantation near the post.

==Tourism==

=== Scuba diving at Narcondam ===
The waters surrounding Narcondam Island are a diving destination. Narcondam's prime dive sites include rocky ridges and steep slopes like Chimneys, Ooh La La and Lighthouse Reef, where massive barrel sponges, huge gorgonian fans and lush soft corals thrive. Fish life can include Napoleon wrasse, ''bumphead parrotfish'' and mantas, as well as occasional whitetip and gray reef sharks. Another special place is HQ Pinnacle, where a submerged rock formation acts as a magnet for dogtooth tuna and hundreds of bigeye trevally. For a more tranquil setting, several bays around the island offer gently sloping terrain populated with fields of hard corals and colorful reef fish.

The island is very remote and diving is accessible only via a live-aboard.

==Fauna==
[[File:Narcondam hornbill.jpg|thumb|right|A Narcondam hornbill]]

About 25-32 bird species, both resident and migratory, have been recorded from the island. Of these, the most famous is the [[Narcondam hornbill]] (''Rhyticeros narcondami''), a threatened [[hornbill]] that is [[Endemism|endemic]] to the island. The closest living relative of the bird is the [[Blyth's hornbill]] (''Rhyticeros plicatus''). It has the smallest range of any Asian hornbill and only has a population of between 300 to 650 individuals, but still has a stable population.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|last=International)|first=BirdLife International (BirdLife|date=2020-08-20|title=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species: Rhyticeros narcondami|url=https://www.iucnredlist.org/en|access-date=2021-05-04|website=IUCN Red List of Threatened Species}}</ref>

As Narcondam is a small volcanic island, not connected to any significant land mass, terrestrial [[Mammal|mammalian]] fauna is of low diversity. However, the [[Small flying fox|island flying fox]] (''Pteropus hypomelanus'') and [[Sikkim rat]] (''Rattus andamanensis'') are the most common native mammals on this island. An unidentified small bat was also seen on a survey.<ref name=":1">{{Cite journal|last1=Raman|first1=T. R. Shankar|last2=Mudappa|first2=Divya|last3=Khan|first3=Tasneem|last4=Mistry|first4=Umeed|last5=Saxena|first5=Ajai|last6=Varma|first6=Kalyan|last7=Ekka|first7=Naveen|last8=Lenin|first8=Janaki|last9=Whitaker|first9=Romulus|date=2013|title=An expedition to Narcondam: observations of marine and terrestrial fauna including the island-endemic hornbill|url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/24097967|journal=Current Science|volume=105|issue=3|pages=346–360|jstor=24097967|issn=0011-3891}}</ref> [[Introduced species|Introduced]] [[Goat|goats]] (''Capra aegagrus hircus''''')''' and [[Cat|cats]] (''Felis catus'') were formerly present on the island, threatening native fauna, but almost all of them have since been removed.<ref name=":0" /> In 2020, a new species of ''[[Crocidura]]'' [[shrew]] was discovered on the island, which was described in 2021 as the [[Narcondam shrew]] (''Crocidura narcondamica''). It and the Narcondam hornbill are presently the only two known [[Endemism|endemic]] fauna of the island.<ref>{{Cite journal|last1=Kamalakannan|first1=Manokaran|last2=Sivaperuman|first2=Chandrakasan|last3=Kundu|first3=Shantanu|last4=Gokulakrishnan|first4=Govindarasu|last5=Venkatraman|first5=Chinnadurai|last6=Chandra|first6=Kailash|date=2021-05-03|title=Discovery of a new mammal species (Soricidae: Eulipotyphla) from Narcondam volcanic island, India|journal=Scientific Reports|language=en|volume=11|issue=1|pages=9416|doi=10.1038/s41598-021-88859-4|pmid=33941819|pmc=8093265|issn=2045-2322|doi-access=free}}</ref>

There are several species of reptile on the island. The most common reptile on the island is the [[Sphenomorphus maculatus|spotted forest skink]] (''Sphenomorphus maculatus''), which closely resembles populations of the species from [[northeast India]]. [[Eutropis tytleri|Tytler's skink]] (''Eutropis tytleri''), a large [[skink]] endemic to the Andamans, is also common on the island, with the Narcondam variants being slightly smaller than those on the main Andamans. The [[Andaman Islands day gecko]] (''Phelsuma andamanensis''), [[Cyrtodactylus rubidus|Andaman bent-toed gecko]] (''Cyrtodactylus rubidus''), [[Andaman giant gecko]] (''Gekko verrauxi''), and [[Cnemaspis andersonii|Anderson's day gecko]] (''Cnemaspis andersonii''), which are all [[gecko]] species endemic to the Andaman-[[Coco Islands|Coco]] island chain, have also been found on Narcondam. The [[Asian water monitor|Andaman water monitor]] (''Varanus salvator andamanensis'') is the only large predator on the island and preys on the Narcondam hornbill, especially its young. The [[Chrysopelea paradisi|paradise flying snake]] (''Chrysopelea ornata'') has been reported from the island in past surveys. The [[blue-lipped sea krait]] (''Laticauda laticaudata'') is seen in the waters around Narcondam Island.<ref name=":1" />

===Narcondam Island Wildlife Sanctuary===
Narcondam Island Wildlife Sanctuary is notified as a protected reserve by the government of India. It is also listed on the [[UNESCO]]'s tentative [[Lists of World Heritage Sites]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5914/|title=Narcondam Island|publisher=}}</ref> The island was notified as a sanctuary to protect and monitor the Narcondam hornbill.

==Flora==
Narcondam Island is almost entirely covered with [[Tropical Evergreen forests of India|evergreen and moist deciduous forest]]. Grassy slopes dominate the southern and southeast aspects of the hill ([[BirdLife International]] 2001). The island is covered with tropical evergreen forest, semi-evergreen forest, moist deciduous forest, littoral forest and [[Mangrove|mangrove forest]] (Pande et al. 1991). The island bears old, dead and decaying trees, interlaced with thorny creepers and luxuriantly flowering tall trees (Yahya and Zarri 2002a). The flora on the higher reaches of the hill is mostly evergreen and consists of ''[[Dipterocarpus]]'', ''[[Sideroxylon]]'' and ''[[Ficus]]'' trees. However, some deciduous species such as ''[[Bombax insigne]]'' are also present. The vegetation towards the summit is mostly Moist Evergreen with several epiphytes. The lower hills following the shoreline have both deciduous and evergreen trees such as ''[[Terminalia catappa]]'', ''[[Terminalia bialata|T. bialata]]'' and ''[[Caryota mitis]]''. The shoreline has some [[introduced species]] such as [[coconut]] and [[banana]].

==Facilities==

===Radar station===
The [[Indian Coast Guard]] proposed the construction of a coastal surveillance radar installation on Narcondum Island and had requested for the release of 0.64 ha of forest area for the purpose. This was turned down by the MOEF of UPA govt as it would endanger the population of endemic hornbills while other alternative sites existed for the siting of the radar.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.downtoearth.org.in/content/moef-says-no-radar-installation-narcondam-hornbill-habitat |title=MoEF says no to radar installation in Narcondam hornbill habitat |last1=Shrivastava |first1=Kumar Sambhav |date=6 September 2012 |website=Down To Earth |publisher=Centre for Science & Environment, India |accessdate=31 May 2013}}</ref>
As of 10 June 2014, MOEF has given clearance for the Radar station. Union minister for environment and forests, Prakash Javadekar gave the approval.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/environment/developmental-issues/green-nod-for-radar-station-at-narcondam-in-andamans/articleshow/36411949.cms|title=Green nod for radar station at Narcondam in Andamans|work=The Economic Times}}</ref> However, the plan was subsequently modified and as of 2020, no radar installation has been built on the island.<ref name=":0" />

==Image gallery==
<gallery widths=180>
File:Narcondam island.jpg|Narcondam island south view
File:Narcondam_1885.jpg|Topography of the island
</gallery>

==See also==
{{Portal|India}}
; Exclusive economic zones
* [[Exclusive economic zone of India]]
* [[Exclusive economic zone of Indonesia]]
* [[Exclusive economic zone of Malaysia]]
* [[Exclusive economic zone of Thailand]]
* [[India–Myanmar barrier#Look-East Connectivity|India's Look-East Connectivity projects]]
* [[Sabang, Indonesia|Sabang strategic port development]], India-Indonesia project
* [[Kaladan Multi-Modal Transit Transport Project|Sittwe Port]], India-Myanmar project
* [[Dawei Port Project]] in Myanmar

; Etreme points
* [[Indira Point]], India's southernmost point of Andaman Nicobar Islands group
* [[Rondo Island]], Indonesia's northernmost island is closest to Indira Point
* [[Landfall Island]], India's northernmost island of Andaman Nicobar Islands group
* [[Coco Islands]], Myanmar's islands in Andaman sea just north of India's Prearis Island
* [[Extreme points of India]]
* [[Extreme points of Indonesia]]
* [[Outline of Myanmar#Extreme|Extreme points of Myanmar]]
* [[Extreme points of Bangladesh]]
* [[Geography of Thailand#Extreme|Extreme points of Thailand]]
* [[Borders of India]]

; Other topics
* [[List of volcanoes in India]]
* [[List of endangered animals in India]]
* [[List of World Heritage Sites in India]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category|Narcondam Island}}
{{Wikivoyage|Narcondam Island}}
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050728121303/http://www.gsi.gov.in/mudvol.htm Geological Survey of India]
* {{cite gvp|vn=260001|name=Narcondum}}
* [http://www.volcanolive.com/narcondum.html Volcano live]
* [http://www.volcanodiscovery.com/volcano-tours/657.html Volcano discovery]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20050311160355/http://www.indiadaily.com/breaking_news/19210.asp India daily]
* [http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/volcano.cfm?vnum=0600-001 Global Volcanism Program]

{{North and Middle Andaman district |state=collapsed}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Narcondam Island}}
[[Category:Islands of North and Middle Andaman district]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in North and Middle Andaman district]]
[[Category:Volcanoes of India]]
[[Category:Volcanoes of the Indian Ocean]]
[[Category:Active volcanoes]]
[[Category:Important Bird Areas of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands]]

Narcondam Island - Revision history

BrooksPrather at 10:09, 30 October 2025

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

imported>Vsmith: /* Transportation */