SonOfZeus: Created page with "{{Short description|A constructed script to write Meitei language}} {{About|a constructed script for Meitei language|the ancient original script associated with the language|Meitei script}} {{Redirect|Invented Meitei Yelhou Mayek script|for other uses|Meitei Yelhou Mayek (disambiguation){{!}}Meitei Yelhou Mayek}} {{Distinguish|text=the Oriya script}} {{Contains special characters|Indic}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}} {{Use Indian English|date=December..."

2024-02-11T17:05:05Z

Created page with "{{Short description|A constructed script to write Meitei language}} {{About|a constructed script for Meitei language|the ancient original script associated with the language|Meitei script}} {{Redirect|Invented Meitei Yelhou Mayek script|for other uses|Meitei Yelhou Mayek (disambiguation){{!}}Meitei Yelhou Mayek}} {{Distinguish|text=the Oriya script}} {{Contains special characters|Indic}} {{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}} {{Use Indian English|date=December..."

New page

{{Short description|A constructed script to write Meitei language}}
{{About|a [[constructed script]] for [[Meitei language]]|the ancient original script associated with the language|Meitei script}}
{{Redirect|Invented Meitei Yelhou Mayek script|for other uses|Meitei Yelhou Mayek (disambiguation){{!}}Meitei Yelhou Mayek}}
{{Distinguish|text=the [[Oriya script]]}}
{{Contains special characters|Indic}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2023}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2023}}
{{Infobox writing system
| name = Naoriya Phulo script <br /> ({{lang-mni|Naoriya Phulo Mayek}}){{efn|The term "Phulo" is also spelled as "Phullo" with an additional letter "L". But "Phulo" is the correct spelling as it means "flower", derived from the Indo Aryan term "Phul", which has single "L".}}
| altname =
| type = abugida
| qid =

| SHline = 
| SHtype = 
| SHform = 

| typedesc = 
| typedesc-prefix = 
| creator = 
| date = 
| published = 
| time = 20th century AD – present 
| official script = no
| languages = [[Meitei language]] (officially termed as [[Manipuri language|Manipuri]])

| fam1 = 

| fam2 = 
| fam15 =
| print = 
| sisters = [[Meitei Mayek]] ([[traditional Meitei script]]), [[Devanagari script]] and the [[Eastern Nagari script]] ([[Bengali-Assamese script]])
| children = 
| sample = The vowel and consonant letters of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek), a constructed script developed by Naoriya Phulo for writing Meitei language.jpg 
| imagesize = 250px 
| caption = The vowel and consonant letters of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek) 
| direction = 
| direction comment =
| unicode = 
| iso15924 = 
| iso15924 note = 
| footnotes = It is a [[constructed script]] developed by [[:simple:Laininghan Naoriya Phulo|Laininghan Naoriya Phulo]] (1888-1941). 
| ipa-note = 
}}

The '''Naoriya Phulo script''' ({{lang-mni|Naoriya Phulo Mayek}}), also known as the '''Naoria script''' ({{lang-mni|Naoria Mayek}}<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=CIMMAQAAMAAJ&q=Kanglei+Mayek |title=Borderlines |date=2004 |publisher=Binalakshmi Nepram |others=[[University of Michigan]] |pages=23 |language=en |quote=Naoria started its movement to revive Kanglei or Meetei tradition in 1930 from a village cailed Jaribon, Laishramkhul in Cachar in Assam. He developed a script and named it after him. The Naoria Mayek challenged the script imposed and propagated by the Konung in Kangieipak, ...}}</ref>){{efn|The term "Naoriya" is also spelled as "Naoria" removing the letter "y".}}, the '''Invented Meitei Yelhou Mayek script''', or the '''Invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script'''{{efn|The terms "Meitei Yelhou Mayek script" or "Meetei Yelhou Mayek script" are sometimes also used to refer to the general [[Meitei Mayek script]]. So, the term "Invented" is prefixed to refer to the Naoriya Phulo script.}}, is a [[constructed script]], invented by [[:simple:Laininghan Naoriya Phulo|Laininghan Naoriya Phulo]] (1888-1941), to write [[Meitei language]] (officially called [[Manipuri language]]). It is different from the [[Meitei Mayek]], the [[official script]] for Meitei language. It shares many similarities with the [[Devanagari script]] and the [[Eastern Nagari script]] ([[Bengali-Assamese script]]).<ref>{{Cite web |title=নাওরিয়া ফুলো : ঋষি অমা - এলাংম দীনমনী |script-title= |url=http://hueiyenlanpao.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/12.11.2019-B7.pdf |work=hueiyenlanpao.com |language=mni |publication-place=India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=লাইনীংহন নাওরিয়া ফুলো অমসুং মহাক্কী থবকশিং - ইঙো লোইতোংবা মোহেন |url=http://hueiyenlanpao.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/23.08.2019-B7.pdf |work=hueiyenlanpao.com |language=mni |publication-place=India}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=নাওরিয়া ফুলোখী মপোক কুমওনগা মরী লৈননা শৈরেং শৈদান্নবগী থৌরম পাঙথোকখ্রে |url=http://hueiyenlanpao.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/12.08.2017-B4.pdf |website=hueiyenlanpao.com |language=mni}}</ref>

== History ==
The invented script of Naoriya Phulo of [[Cachar]] was sometimes interpreted as a divine gift. According to a legend, it was presented to him in his [[trance]] along with a text named the "Shakok Salai Thiren" (written in this script). During the 1930s, using his own invented script, Naoriya Phulo challenged the then [[official script]] for Meitei language.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Moirangthem Kirti |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LVpuAAAAMAAJ&q=naoriya+phulo+script |title=Recent Researches in Oriental Indological Studies: Including Meiteilogy |date=1998 |publisher=Parimal Publications |pages=101 |language=en |quote=The challenge to official script came in the thirties of this century in the person of Naoriya Phulo of Cachar who was not only a gifted founder of Apokpa Marup (Meetei Revivalist school) but also a far sighted originator of Meitei script and desanskritised words. He invented a script and numerals as a divine gift in his trance and got a Purana called Shakok Salai Thiren said to be written in this script. |author-link=Moirangthem Kirti Singh}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=What's in name? |url=https://www.ifp.co.in/editorial/whats-in-name |access-date=2023-01-28 |website=[[Imphal Free Press]] |language=en |quote=For the record, controversy with regard to the script is not a new thing. It had been raging since the first half of 20th century with the coming of a revivalist movement led by Naoriya Phulo. He had then challenged the script officially recognised by the Royal Palace with his own set of alphabets.}}</ref>
Naoriya Phulo and his organization named "Apokpa Marup" used to claim the newly invented script as the original old script for Meitei language. However, the claim was later discarded.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Ningthoukhongjam |first=Urmila |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aF4OAQAAMAAJ&q=naoriya+phulo+script |title=The Student Movement in Manipur |date=2007 |publisher=Akansha Publishing House |isbn=978-81-8370-141-9 |location=India |pages=142 |language=en |quote=The political motive of the Meetei Marup founded by Naoriya Phulo of Cachar District of Assam is also obvious when it invented certain new characters and claimed to be the original old script . Later , the character were discarded ...}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Wahengbam Ibohal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=S_4dAAAAMAAJ&q=naoriya+phullo+script |title=The History of Manipur: An early period |date=1986 |publisher=Manipur Commercial Company |location=India |pages=500 |language=en |quote=It may be mentiond here that some of the revivalist groups specially the followers of Naoriya Phullo claimed a script to have been used by the Meiteis in early days.}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Wahengbam Ibohal |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.463276/page/n501/mode/2up?q=Naoriya+phullo |title=The History Of Manipur |publisher=[[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Internet Archive]] |location=India |pages=500 |language=en |quote=It may be mentiond here that some of the revivalist groups specially the followers of Naoriya Phullo claimed a script to have been used by the Meiteis in early days. They circulated leaflets to the general public and the Meitei Mayek...}}</ref>
In the year 1973, they demanded their invented script to be adopted as the "Meitei script".<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Wahengbam Ibohal |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.463276/page/n501/mode/2up?q=Naoriya+phullo |title=The History Of Manipur |publisher=[[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Internet Archive]] |location=India |pages=501 |language=en }}</ref>

== Comparison to other scripts ==
<gallery>
File:Transliterations of "Meetei Yelhou Mayek" in Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek), traditional Meitei Mayek script, Bengali script (Eastern Nagari script) and Devanagari script.jpg|[[Transliteration]]s of the term "Meetei Yelhou Mayek" in Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek), [[traditional Meitei Mayek script]], [[Bengali script]] ([[Eastern Nagari script]]) and [[Devanagari]].

File:Transliterations of "Phudoktaba Mayek" in Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek), traditional Meitei Mayek script, Bengali script (Eastern Nagari script) and Devanagari script.jpg|Transliterations of "Phudoktaba Mayek" in Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek), traditional Meitei Mayek script, Bengali script and Devanagari

File:Transliterations of "Thingdaba Mayek" in Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek), traditional Meitei Mayek script, Bengali script (Eastern Nagari script) and Devanagari script.jpg|Transliterations of the term "Thingdaba Mayek" in Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek), traditional Meitei Mayek script, Bengali script and Devanagari

File:Transliterations of "Cheitap Taakpa" in Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek), traditional Meitei Mayek script, Bengali script (Eastern Nagari script) and Devanagari script.jpg|Transliterations of "Cheitap Taakpa" in Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek), traditional Meitei Mayek script, Bengali script and Devanagari
</gallery>
According to some scholars like Wahengbam Ibohal, the invented script of Naoriya Phulo seems to be a modified version of [[Devanagari script]], using some letters of the generally approved [[Meitei script]] and [[Bengali script]]. There was no proper evidence of that script being used in any certain periods of history.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Singh |first=Wahengbam Ibohal |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.463276/page/n501/mode/2up?q=Naoriya+phullo |title=The History Of Manipur |publisher=[[Digital Library of India]] |others=[[Internet Archive]] |location=India |pages=501 |language=en }}</ref>
== Vowels ==
{|class="wikitable"
! Naoriya Phulo Letters {{small|(along with Bengali equivalents)}}
! Name(s) of the letter(s)
! [[Meitei Mayek]] equivalents
! [[Eastern Nagari]] equivalents
! [[Devanagari]] equivalents
! Latin equivalents
|-
| [[File:The letter "OM" (O) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| OM
| {{script|mtei|ꯑꯣ}}
| {{script|beng|ও}}
| {{script|deva|ओ}}
| {{script|latn|O}}
|-
| [[File:The letter "ARA" (A) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| ARA
| {{script|mtei|ꯑ}}
| {{script|beng|অ}}
| {{script|deva|अ}}
| {{script|latn|A}}
|-
| [[File:The letter "IRA" (I) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| IRA
| {{script|mtei|ꯏ}}
| {{script|beng|ই}}
| {{script|deva|इ}}
| {{script|latn|I}}
|-
| [[File:The letter "RIK" (R̥) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| RIK
| not available
| {{script|beng|ঋ}}
| ?
| {{script|latn|R̥}}
|-
| [[File:The letter "UN" (U) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| UN
| {{script|mtei|ꯎ}}
| {{script|beng|উ}}
| {{script|deva|उ}}
| {{script|latn|U}}
|-
| [[File:The letter "AANG" (A) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| AANG
| {{script|mtei|ꯑꯥ}}
| {{script|beng|আ}}
| {{script|deva|आ}}
| {{script|latn|A}}
|-
| [[File:The letter "EENG" (Ī) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| EENG
| {{script|mtei|ꯏ}}
| {{script|beng|ঈ}}
| {{script|deva|ई}}
| {{script|latn|Ī}}
|-
| [[File:The letter "YEM" (Ē) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| YEM
| {{script|mtei|ꯑꯦ}}
| {{script|beng|এ}}
| {{script|deva|ए}}
| {{script|latn|Ē}}
|-
| [[File:The letter "YEI" (EI) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| YEI
| {{script|mtei|ꯑꯩ}}
| {{script|beng|ঐ}}
| {{script|deva|ऐ}}
| {{script|latn|EI}}
|-
| [[File:The letter "OUM" (OU) of the Naoriya Phulo script (invented Meetei Yelhou Mayek script) with its Bengali equivalent letter.jpg|thumb|150px]]
| OUM
| {{script|mtei|ꯑꯧ}}
| {{script|beng|ঔ}}
| {{script|deva|औ}}
| {{script|latn|OU}}
|}

== See also ==
* [[List of constructed scripts]]
* [[Naoriya Pakhanglakpa Assembly constituency]]
* [[Naoriya Pakhanglakpa]]

== Notes ==
{{Notelist}}
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
== External links ==
{{Commonscat|Naoriya Phulo script}}

{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Abugida writing systems]]
[[Category:Constructed scripts]]
[[Category:Meitei language]]

Naoriya Phulo script - Revision history