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{{short description|Indian writer}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox writer
| name = P. C. Gopalan (Nandanar)
| image =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{birth date|1926|1|5}}
| birth_place = [[Angadipuram]], [[Malabar district|Malabar]], [[Madras Presidency]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1974|4|24|1926|1|5}}
| death_place = [[Palghat]], [[Kerala]], India
| occupation = Novelist, short story writer
| nationality = [[India]]n
| genre = Novel, short Story
| spouse = Radha
| children = 1 son
| relatives = {{ubl|Parameshwaran Tharakan (father)|Nanikkutty Amma (mother)}}
| notableworks =
| awards = 1964 [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel]]
}}
'''P. C. Gopalan''' (1926–1974), popularly known by his [[pseudonym]], '''Nandanar''' was an Indian writer of [[Malayalam literature]]. He was known for his novels and short stories which had the backdrop of the [[Indian Army]] barracks of the 1940s and 1950s as well as for his children's literature. ''Anubhavangal'', ''Ira'', ''Thokkukalkkidayile Jeevitham'', ''Athmavinte Novukal'', ''Ariyappedatha Manushyajeevikal'', ''Anubhoothikalude Lokam'' and a series of stories with Unnikkuttan as the lead character are some of his better known works. He received the [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel]] in 1964 for his work, ''Athmavinte Novukal''.

==Biography==
{{quotebox|align = right|width=22em|''He walked along the crowded street towards the hotel. How crowded the street is! Is the street more crowded today? This time tomorrow, will these people be there on the face of this earth? How many of them will have merged with the eternal truth that is death. Will I be one among them?'' Excerpts from ‘’Life does not end’’, the short story Nandanar wrote just before committing suicide<ref name="പാലക്കാട് തകർന്നുവീണത് നന്ദനാരുടെ അവസാനനിമിഷങ്ങൾക്ക് സാക്ഷിയായ കെട്ടിടം" />}}
P. C. Gopalan was born on January 5, 1926 in a poor family at [[Angadippuram]], a village near [[Perinthalmanna]] in the present-day [[Malappuram district]] in the south Indian state of [[Kerala]] to Parameshwaran Tharakan and Nanikkutty Amma.<ref name="Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal">{{Cite web |url=http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/PROFILES/Nandanar/Html/Nandanargraphy.htm |title=Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal |date=2019-03-10 |website=Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal |access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref> His early schooling was at a local elementary school but due to poverty, he had to abandon his studies after 5th standard. He joined the [[Indian Army]] in 1942 where he served until his superannuation in 1964 after which he worked for three years as the [[National Cadet Corps (India)|National Cadet Corps]] inspector in [[Mysore]]. Returning to Kerala, he joined [[Fertilisers and Chemicals Travancore]] in 1967 as their Public Relations Officer.<ref name="Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal" />

Nandanar was married to Pandathuveettil Radha and the couple had a son, Sudakaran.<ref name="Author Nandanar (P. C. Gopalan) should be honoured">{{Cite web |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hjDEPZN3rUg |title=Author Nandanar (P. C. Gopalan) should be honoured |last=asianetnews |date=2015-05-28 |access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref> He committed suicide on April 24, 1974, at the age of 48, at Commons Lodge, a lodging facility he used to stay at whenever he visited [[Palakkad]], by consuming an overdose of sleeping pills.<ref name="പാലക്കാട് തകർന്നുവീണത് നന്ദനാരുടെ അവസാനനിമിഷങ്ങൾക്ക് സാക്ഷിയായ കെട്ടിടം">{{Cite web |url=https://www.manoramaonline.com/literature/literaryworld/2018/08/03/nandanar-malayalam-writer.html |title=പാലക്കാട് തകർന്നുവീണത് നന്ദനാരുടെ അവസാനനിമിഷങ്ങൾക്ക് സാക്ഷിയായ കെട്ടിടം |website=ManoramaOnline |access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref>

== Legacy ==
Nandanr took his pseudonym after [[Nandanar]], one of the 63 [[Nayanars]] in [[Shaivism]]. Considered among the major writers of his generation,<ref name="George1972">{{cite book|author=K. M. George|title=Western Influence on Malayalam Language and Literature|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=MZqqyxVkufQC&pg=PA112-IA1|year=1972|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-0413-3|pages=112–}}</ref> Nandanar wrote six novels, eleven short story anthologies<ref name="List of works">{{Cite web |url=http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/PROFILES/Nandanar/Html/NandanarBooks.htm |title=List of works |date=2019-03-10 |website=Kerala Sahitya Akademi |access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref> and ''Unnikkuttante Lokam'', a book for children which comprises three parts viz. ''Unnikkuttante Oru Divasam'', ''Unnikkuttan Schoolil'' and ''Unnikkuttan Valarunnu''.<ref name="Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal" /> His novels and short stories depict the nostalgic sentiments of army men who leave their families back home<ref name="Lal1992">{{cite book|author=Mohan Lal|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&pg=PA4056|year=1992|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-260-1221-3|pages=4056–}}</ref> as well as lives in the villages of Kerala and the longing of youth of his time in matters of love. Besides works like ''Aathmavinte Novukal'', ''Anubhavangal '', ''Manjakettidam '' and ''Ariyappedatha Manushyajeevikal'',<ref name="Nandanar - Good Reads profile">{{Cite web |url=https://www.goodreads.com/author/show/4324652.Nandanar |title=Nandanar - Good Reads profile |website=goodreads.com |access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref> he also published an autobiographical work, ''Anubhavangal'' details the penury of the writer's childhood.<ref name="The Hindu : Entertainment Thiruvananthapuram - Cinema : A Valluvanadan tale retold">{{Cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/fr/2005/05/27/stories/2005052703700300.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090923084018/http://www.thehindu.com/thehindu/fr/2005/05/27/stories/2005052703700300.htm |url-status=dead |archive-date=2009-09-23 |website=[[The Hindu]] |title=Entertainment Thiruvananthapuram - Cinema : A Valluvanadan tale retold |access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref> as well as two plays, ''Prashnam Avasaanikkunnilla'' and Hsuan Tsang''.<ref name="Biography on Kerala Sahitya Akademi portal" /> He received the [[Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel]] in 1964, his novel, ''Aathmavinte Novukal'', earning him the award.<ref name="Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel">{{Cite web |url=http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/ksa/Awards/novel.htm |title=Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel |date=2019-03-10 |website=Kerala Sahitya Akademi |access-date=2019-03-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131109145935/http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/ksa/Awards/novel.htm |archive-date=9 November 2013 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

== In popular media ==
[[Atayalangal]], the 2008 biopic which received four awards including the Best Director Award for [[M. G. Sasi]] at the 39th [[Kerala State Film Awards]] of 2008<ref name="Adayalangal wins State awards for best Malayalam feature film, best director">{{Cite web |url=https://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-kerala/lsquoAdayalangalrsquo-wins-State-awards-for-best-Malayalam-feature-film-best-director/article15200215.ece |title=Adayalangal wins State awards for best Malayalam feature film, best director |date=2008-04-09 |website=The Hindu |language=en-IN |access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref> is based on ''Anubhavangal'', Nandanar's biographical novel.<ref name="rediff.com: Meet Malayalam cinema's new best director">{{Cite web |url=http://specials.rediff.com/movies/2008/apr/24sd1.htm |title=rediff.com: Meet Malayalam cinema's new best director |website=specials.rediff.com |access-date=2019-03-10}}</ref> The name of the film was changed from ''Anubhavangal''.<ref name="The Hindu : Entertainment Thiruvananthapuram - Cinema : A Valluvanadan tale retold" />

== Bibliography ==
=== Novels ===
{{Div col|colwidth=40em}}
* {{Cite book |title=Aathmaavinte Novukal |last=Nandanar |date=1963 |publisher=Current Books |location=Thrissur |language=Malayalam |oclc=20034023}}
* {{Cite book |title=Manjakettidam |last=Nandanar |date=1968 |publisher=Current Books |location=Thrissur |language=Malayalam |oclc=31119036}}
* {{Cite book |title=Anubhūthikaḷuṭe Lōkaṃ |last=Nandanar |date=1964 |publisher=Current Books |location=Thrissur |language=Malayalam |oclc=30562567}}
* {{Cite book |title=Anubhavagṅaḷ |last=Nandanar |date=1999 |publisher=P K Brothers |location=Kozhikode |oclc=47790718}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://www.goodreads.com/work/best_book/14112864-ayiravallikunninte-thazhvarayil |title=Aayiravallikunninte Thazhvarayil |last=Nandanar |publisher=Green Books |isbn=9788184231137}}
* {{Cite book |url=https://www.goodreads.com/work/best_book/44796051-ariyappedatha-manushyajeevikal |title=Ariyappedatha Manushyajeevikal |last=Nandanar |publisher=Poorna Publications |isbn=8130000415}}
{{div col end}}

=== Short stories ===
{{Div col|colwidth=40em}}
* {{Cite book |title=Oru Varṣhakālarāthr̲i. |last=Nandanar |date=1969 |publisher=Sāhitya Pravartraka Sahakaraṇasaṃghaṃ |language=Malayalam |oclc=31068705}}
* {{Cite book |title=Konnappookkaḷ |last=Nandanar |date=1971 |publisher=Sāhityapr̲avarttaka Sahakaraṇasaṅghaṃ |location=Kōṭṭayaṃ |language=Malayalam |oclc=31119089}}
* {{Cite book |title=Ira. |last=Nandanar |date=1972 |publisher=Sāhityapravarttaka Sahakaraṇasaṅghaṃ |location=Kōṭṭayaṃ |oclc=31433529}}
* {{Cite book |title=Oru Sauhr̥udasandarśanaṃ |last=Nandanar |date=1974 |publisher=Sāhityapr̲avarttaka Sahakaraṇasaṅghaṃ |location=Kōṭṭayaṃ |oclc=30929027}}
* {{Cite book |title=Niṣhkalaṅkathayuṭe Aathmāv |last=Nandanar |date=1981 |publisher=Poorna Publications |location=Kozhikode |language=Malayalam |oclc=10457963}}
* {{Cite book |title=Jeevithattinte Pon Naāḷaṅgaḷ |last=Nandanar |date=1981 |publisher=Poorna Publications |location=Kozhikode |language=Malayalam |oclc=12016337}}
* {{Cite book |title=Thōkkukaḷkkiṭayile Jeevithaṃ |last=Nandanar |date=1993 |publisher=Current Books |isbn=9788124000748 |location=Ciṅgavanaṃ; Kōṭṭayaṃ |oclc=32842122}}
* {{Cite book |title=Nandanārude Kathakal |last=Nandanar |date=1999 |publisher=Current Books |location=Kōṭṭayaṃ |oclc=44774932}}
* {{Cite book |title=Sampuoorṇṇakathakaḷ |last=Nandanar |date=2007 |publisher=Poorna Publications |isbn=9788130006307 |location=Kozhikode |oclc=273841430}}
* {{Cite book |title=Nantanāruṭe paṭṭāḷakkathakaḷ: kathakaḷ |last=Nandanar |date=2011 |publisher=Grand Books |location=Kōṭṭayaṃ |oclc=769743756}}
{{div col end}}

=== Children's literature ===
* {{Cite book |title=Uṇṇikkuṭṭant̲e Lōkaṃ |last=Nandanar |date=1973 |publisher=P. Radha ; National Book Stall |location=Kōṭṭayaṃ |language=Malayalam |oclc=8627909}}
* {{Cite book |title=Uṇṇikkuṭṭan Vaḷarunnu |last=Nandanar |date=1969 |publisher=Sāhityapr̲avarttaka Sahakaraṇasaṅghaṃ |location=Kōṭṭayaṃ |language=Malayalam |oclc=31119149}}

=== Translations into other languages ===
* {{Cite book |title=Sigh for the dawn |last=Nandanar |last2=N. Kunju (translator)|date=2000 |publisher=Vishv Books |location=New Delhi |language=English |oclc=5867622}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{IMDb name|nm8018302}}
* {{Cite web |url=http://www.keralasahityaakademi.org/sp/Writers/PROFILES/Nandanar/Html/Nandanar.htm |title=Portrait commissioned by Kerala Sahitya Akademi |date=2019-03-10 |website=Kerala Sahitya Akademi |access-date=2019-03-10}}

{{Malayalam Literature |state=collapsed}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nandanar}}
[[Category:1926 births]]
[[Category:1974 suicides]]
[[Category:Malayalam-language writers]]
[[Category:Malayalam novelists]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sahitya Akademi Award in Malayalam]]
[[Category:Malayalam short story writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian novelists]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian short story writers]]
[[Category:Indian male short story writers]]
[[Category:Indian male novelists]]
[[Category:People from Malappuram district]]
[[Category:Novelists from Kerala]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dramatists and playwrights]]

Nandanar (author) - Revision history

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