Pianino.XMC.PL: adding a info nd citations.

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{{Infobox royalty
| name = Nand Kunverba
| image = Maharani of Gondal.jpg
| image_size =
| caption =
| succession = [[Maharani]] of [[Gondal State|Gondal]]
| reign = 4 June 1882 – 1936
| coronation =
| suc-type =
| spouse = [[Bhagvatsinhji]]
| issue = {{ubl|Bhojirajji|Bhupatsinhji|Kiritsinhji|Leilaba Kunverba|Ba Kunverba}}
| full name =
| regnal name =
| house = {{ubl|{{flagicon image|Drapeau_Dharampur.png}} [[Dharampur State|Dharampur]] (by birth)|{{flagicon image|Coat_of_arms_of_Gondal_State.svg}} [[Gondal State|Gondal]] (by marriage)}}
| father = [[Narandevji]]
| mother =
| birth_date = 1867
| birth_place = [[Dharampur State|Dharampur]]
| death_date = 9 March 1936
| death_place = [[Mumbai]]
| occupation =
| signature_type =
| signature =
| religion = Hinduism
}}
'''Nand Kunverba''' (1867 – 9 March 1936) was the [[Maharaja|Maharani]] of [[Gondal State|Gondal]] from 1881 until her death in 1936 through her marriage to [[Bhagvatsinhji]].

== Biography ==
She was born in 1867 to [[Narandevji|Nanrandevji]].<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last=Harris |first=Russell |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Bw1uAAAAMAAJ |title=The Lafayette Studio and Princely India: The Full Feature |date=2005 |publisher=Lustre Press, Roli Books |isbn=978-81-7436-359-6 |pages=91–92 |language=en}}</ref> She was one of the [[Bhagvatsinhji]]'s four wives.<ref name=":4" /> She was the first high-ranking [[Rajput]] lady to break with the [[purdah]] system.<ref name=":7">{{Cite book |last=St. Nihal Singh |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.277513 |title=Sree Bhagavat Sinhjee the maker of modern Gondal |date=1934 |publisher=St. Nihal Singh |pages=8,31,160,165,167,243}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dumasia |first=Naoroji M. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Mh8I2GAdFWEC |title=The Aga Khan and his Ancestors: A Biographical and Historical Sketch |publisher=Readworthy |isbn=978-93-5018-152-2 |pages=350 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite book |last=Peters Thos |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.1492 |title=Who's Who In India Burma Ceylon (1938) |date=1938 |publisher=The Sun Publishing House, Poona |pages=60}}</ref>

She became the first wife of an Indian ruling chief and the first [[Rajput]] lady to set aside caste prejudices and cross the [[Kala pani (taboo)|Kala Pani]] when she joined her husband on a world tour in 1889–90.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Milne |first=J. Hogarth |url=https://archive.org/details/greatbritaininco00milnuoft |title=Great Britain in the coronation year; being a historical record of the crowning of Their Imperial Majesties King George the Fifth and Queen Mary .. |date=1914 |publisher=London W.H. Allen |others=Robarts - University of Toronto |pages=192}}</ref><ref name=":1">{{Cite book |last=Jessrajsingh Seesodia |url=https://archive.org/details/rajputsfightingr00jessrich |title=The Rajputs: a fighting race; a short account of the Rajput race, its warlike past, its early connections with Great Britain, and its gallant services at the present moment at the front |date=1915 |publisher=London, East and West, ltd. |others=University of California Libraries |pages=130}}</ref> The purpose of this trip was her serious illness, which led the doctors to advise her to go to [[England]] for a change, so her husband, [[Bhagvatsinhji]], took her there for her health.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":1" /> She stayed there for two years.<ref name=":0" /> She stayed in [[Edinburgh]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/aclarch0000269a296 |title=ACL-ARCH 00269 Indian Princes And The Crown |pages=184}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Vadivelu |first=A. |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ministry.05831 |title=The ruling chiefs, nobles and zamindars of India |date=1915 |publisher=G. C. Loganadham Bros, Madras |pages=243,245}}</ref>

In recognition of her efforts to uplift the women of India, [[Queen Victoria]] personally invested her with the [[Order of the Crown of India|Imperial Order of the Crown of India]] in 1892,<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite book |last=Hubbard |first=Louisa Maria |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qKcMAAAAYAAJ |title=The Englishwoman's Year Book and Directory for the Year ... |last2=Janes |first2=Emily |last3=Mitton |first3=Geraldine Edith |date=1900 |publisher=F. Kirby, Publisher |pages=187–188 |language=en}}</ref> making her the first recipient in [[Kathiawar]] and one of the few women in [[India]] to receive this honor at that time.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":1" /> She and her husband attended the opening of the Imperial Institute by [[Queen Victoria]] in 1893.<ref name=":3" /><ref>{{Cite web |title=The Imperial Institute {{!}} Making Britain |url=https://www5.open.ac.uk/research-projects/making-britain/content/imperial-institute |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=www5.open.ac.uk}}</ref>

They returned to India in 1893, visiting the [[United States]], [[Japan]], [[China]], [[Australia]], and [[Sri Lanka]] on their way.<ref name=":5" /><ref name=":3" /> She recorded her travels in a book called ''Go-Mandal Parikramana'' or ''A Tour Round the World''.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" /> In 1903, she performed the Laksha Chandi yagna, for which [[Brahmin|Brahmins]] came from near and far to [[Gondal, India|Gondal]], and she received, lodged, and fed them at her expense while they engaged in performing the [[Homa (ritual)|havan]] and received [[dakṣiṇā]] according to their respective duties.<ref name=":7" /> She was elected president of the reception committee for the third [[Gujarati Sahitya Parishad]] held in [[Rajkot]] on 28 October 1909.<ref name=":3" /><ref name=":9" />

She founded the Bhagvatsinhji Orphanage, named after her husband, and funded it herself to care for all the orphans in [[Gondal State|Gondal]] until they turned eight, after which they were moved to the Bai Saheb Ba Asylum, maintained by the Durbar.<ref name=":9">{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/sim_living-age_1911-08-26_270_3503 |title=The Living Age 1911-08-26: Vol 270 Iss 3503 |date=1911-08-26 |publisher=Open Court Publishing Co |others=Internet Archive |pages=532 |language=English}}</ref>

== Family ==

=== Marriage ===
She married [[Bhagvatsinhji]] on 4 June 1882 when he also took three other wives.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":6">{{Cite book |last=Dave |first=Harikrishna Lalshankar |url=https://archive.org/details/shorthistoryofgo00dave/ |title=A short history of Gondal |date=1889 |publisher=Bombay : Printed at the Education Society's Press |others=University of California Libraries |pages=139–140,166}}</ref>

=== Children ===
On 8 January 1883, she gave birth to Bhojirajji, who was declared the [[Heir apparent|heir]] to the throne of [[Gondal State|Gondal]].<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":6" /> Besides him, she had other children, including Bhupatsinhji, Kiritsinhji, Leilaba Kunverba and Ba Kunverba.<ref name=":7" /><ref name=":6" /> All her children were educated in [[England]] or [[Scotland]].<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.7701 |title=Wh oʼs Who in India (illustrated) |date=2019 |publisher=The Sun Publishing House, Poona |pages=86}}</ref>

== Death ==
She died in [[Mumbai]] on 9 March 1936.<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |title=Rani of Gondal 1 |url=http://lafayette.org.uk/gon7083.html |access-date=2024-11-03 |website=lafayette.org.uk}}</ref> After her death, a [[memorial]] was planned to be established in [[Mumbai]].<ref name=":10">{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DQgnAQAAIAAJ |title=The Feudatory and zemindari India |date=1938 |pages=238 |language=en}}</ref> It was to include a shrine at the [[Banganga Tank]] and a fund for the cremation of the poor.<ref name=":10" /> The suggestion to create the memorial was made to [[Bhagvatsinhji]] by M. M. Pakvasa.<ref name=":10" />

== Honours ==
{| class="wikitable"
|+
!Country
!Year
!Honour
!'''Ribbon'''
!Post-nominal letters
|-
|{{flagu|United Kingdom|name=United Kingdom}}
|1892
|[[Order of the Crown of India|Imperial Order of the Crown of India]]
|[[File:UK_Order_of_the_Crown_of_India_ribbon.svg|70x70px]]
|CI
|-
|{{flagu|United Kingdom|name=United Kingdom}}
|1911<ref name=":8" />
|[[King George V Coronation Medal]]
|[[File:UK_King_George_V_Coronation_Medal_ribbon.svg|70x70px]]
|
|-
|{{flagu|United Kingdom|name=United Kingdom}}
|1935<ref name=":8" />
|[[King George V Silver Jubilee Medal]]
|[[File:UK_King_George_V_Silver_Jubilee_Medal_ribbon.svg|70x70px]]
|
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Kunverba, Nand}}
[[Category:1867 births]]
[[Category:1936 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian queens consort]]

Nand Kunverbaiji - Revision history

Pianino.XMC.PL: adding a info nd citations.