Names for India - Revision history

BernadineMedwort: rd update

2025-08-13T15:32:10Z

rd update

Ajay Kumar: /* Hind / Hindūstān */ Rm peo lang

2023-09-05T17:51:32Z

Hind / Hindūstān: Rm peo lang

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:21, 5 September 2023
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	{{Main\|Hindustan}}		{{Main\|Hindustan}}
	[[File:Darius I statue India.jpg\|thumb\|upright=0.5\|{{center\|1=<big><big>𓉔𓈖𓂧𓍯𓇌</big></big><br><small>''H-n-d-w[[Aleph\|Ꜣ]]-y''</small><br>"India" written in [[Egyptian hieroglyphs]] on the [[:Commons:Category:Statue of Darius I\|Statue of Darius I]], circa 500 BCE.<ref name=NMI>[[National Museum of Iran]] [[:File:Darius I statue list of subject countries.jpg\|notice]]</ref>}}]]		[[File:Darius I statue India.jpg\|thumb\|upright=0.5\|{{center\|1=<big><big>𓉔𓈖𓂧𓍯𓇌</big></big><br><small>''H-n-d-w[[Aleph\|Ꜣ]]-y''</small><br>"India" written in [[Egyptian hieroglyphs]] on the [[:Commons:Category:Statue of Darius I\|Statue of Darius I]], circa 500 BCE.<ref name=NMI>[[National Museum of Iran]] [[:File:Darius I statue list of subject countries.jpg\|notice]]</ref>}}]]
	The words {{transl\|fa\|Hindū}} ({{lang-fa\|هندو}}) and {{transl\|fa\|Hind}} ({{lang-fa\|هند}}) came from [[Indo-Aryan languages\|Indo-Aryan]]/[[Sanskrit]] {{transl\|sa\|Sindhu}} (the [[Indus River]] or its [[Sindh\|region]]). The [[Achaemenid]] emperor [[Darius I]] conquered [[Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley\|the Indus valley]] in about 516 BCE, upon which the Achaemenid equivalent of {{transl\|sa\|Sindhu}}, viz., "''Hindush''" ~~({{wikt-lang\|peo\|𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁}}, {{transl\|peo\|H-i-du-u-š}})~~ was used for the lower Indus basin.<ref name="Eggermont Hindush">{{harvp\|Eggermont, Alexander's Campaigns in Sind and Baluchistan\|1975}}: 'The Persians coined the name of Hindush after the current Sanskrit geographical name of Sindhu. Neither the Old Persian inscriptions, nor the Avesta make use of the word hindu in the sense of "river".'</ref><ref name="Dandamaev Hindush">{{citation \|last=Dandamaev \|first=M. A. \|title=A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ms30qA6nyMsC&pg=PA147 \|year=1989 \|publisher=BRILL \|isbn=90-04-09172-6 \|page=147}}: "The new satrapy, which received the name of Hindush, extended from the centre to the lower part of the Indus Valley, in present-day Pakistan."</ref> The name was also known as far as the Achaemenid province of [[Egypt]] where it was written {{lang\|egy\|𓉔𓈖𓂧𓍯𓇌}} ({{transl\|egy\|H-n-d-wꜣ-y}}) on the [[:Commons:Category:Statue of Darius I\|Statue of Darius I]], circa 500 BCE.<ref name=EI>{{cite book \|last1=Yar-Shater \|first1=Ehsan \|title=Encyclopaedia Iranica \|date=1982 \|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul \|isbn=9780933273955 \|page=10 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vBQZAQAAIAAJ \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Susa, Statue of Darius – Livius \|url=http://www.livius.org/articles/place/susa/susa-photos/susa-statue-of-darius/ \|website=www.livius.org \|language=en}}</ref><ref name=NMI/>		The words {{transl\|fa\|Hindū}} ({{lang-fa\|هندو}}) and {{transl\|fa\|Hind}} ({{lang-fa\|هند}}) came from [[Indo-Aryan languages\|Indo-Aryan]]/[[Sanskrit]] {{transl\|sa\|Sindhu}} (the [[Indus River]] or its [[Sindh\|region]]). The [[Achaemenid]] emperor [[Darius I]] conquered [[Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley\|the Indus valley]] in about 516 BCE, upon which the Achaemenid equivalent of {{transl\|sa\|Sindhu}}, viz., "''Hindush''" was used for the lower Indus basin.<ref name="Eggermont Hindush">{{harvp\|Eggermont, Alexander's Campaigns in Sind and Baluchistan\|1975}}: 'The Persians coined the name of Hindush after the current Sanskrit geographical name of Sindhu. Neither the Old Persian inscriptions, nor the Avesta make use of the word hindu in the sense of "river".'</ref><ref name="Dandamaev Hindush">{{citation \|last=Dandamaev \|first=M. A. \|title=A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ms30qA6nyMsC&pg=PA147 \|year=1989 \|publisher=BRILL \|isbn=90-04-09172-6 \|page=147}}: "The new satrapy, which received the name of Hindush, extended from the centre to the lower part of the Indus Valley, in present-day Pakistan."</ref> The name was also known as far as the Achaemenid province of [[Egypt]] where it was written {{lang\|egy\|𓉔𓈖𓂧𓍯𓇌}} ({{transl\|egy\|H-n-d-wꜣ-y}}) on the [[:Commons:Category:Statue of Darius I\|Statue of Darius I]], circa 500 BCE.<ref name=EI>{{cite book \|last1=Yar-Shater \|first1=Ehsan \|title=Encyclopaedia Iranica \|date=1982 \|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul \|isbn=9780933273955 \|page=10 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vBQZAQAAIAAJ \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Susa, Statue of Darius – Livius \|url=http://www.livius.org/articles/place/susa/susa-photos/susa-statue-of-darius/ \|website=www.livius.org \|language=en}}</ref><ref name=NMI/>

	{{multiple image\|perrow=1\|total_width=200\|caption_align=center		{{multiple image\|perrow=1\|total_width=200\|caption_align=center

Ajay Kumar: Updated

2023-09-05T17:30:50Z

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2022-05-04T04:47:43Z

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imported>Kautilya3: Undid revision 1041007289 by आदर्श (talk); WP:LEADCITE

2021-08-28T10:56:03Z

Undid revision 1041007289 by आदर्श (talk); WP:LEADCITE

← Older revision		Revision as of 16:26, 28 August 2021
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	{{Short description\|Various names used for India}}		{{Short description\|Various names used for India}}
			{{redirect\|Bharata (term)\|other uses of "Bharata"\|Bharata (disambiguation)}}
	{{for\|a list\|Names of India in its official languages}}		{{for\|a list\|Names of India in its official languages}}
	{{India topics sidebar}}		{{India topics sidebar}}
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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2020}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=April 2020}}
	[[File:India 78.40398E 20.74980N.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|right\|The geographic region containing the [[Indian subcontinent]].]]		[[File:India 78.40398E 20.74980N.jpg\|thumb\|300px\|right\|The geographic region containing the [[Indian subcontinent]].]]
	The [[Republic of India]] has two principal short names in both official and popular English usage, each of which is historically significant, "India" and "Bharata". The first article of the [[Constitution of India]] states that "India, that is Bharat, shall be a union of states," implicitly codifying "India" and "Bharata" as equally official short names for the Republic of India. A third name, "Hindustān", is sometimes an alternative name for the region comprising most of the modern [[Indian states]] of the subcontinent when Indians speak among themselves. The usage of "Bhārat", "Hindustān", or "India" depends on the context and language of conversation.		The [[Republic of India]] has two principal short names in both official and popular English usage, each of which is historically significant, "India" and "Bharata". The first article of the [[Constitution of India]] states that "India, that is Bharat, shall be a union of states," implicitly codifying "India" and "Bharata" ([[ISO 15919\|ISO]]: ''Bhārata'' ; [[Hindi\|Hindī]]: '''भारत''') as equally official short names for the Republic of India. A third name, "Hindustān", is sometimes an alternative name for the region comprising most of the modern [[Indian states]] of the subcontinent when Indians speak among themselves. The usage of "Bhārat", "Hindustān", or "India" depends on the context and language of conversation.

	"Bhārat", the name for India in several Indian languages, is variously said to be derived from the name of either [[Bharata (Mahabharata)\|Dushyanta's son Bharata]] or [[Bharata Chakravartin\|Rishabha's son Bharata]].<ref name="Roshen_2010">{{cite book \|author=Roshen Dalal \|title=The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pNmfdAKFpkQC&pg=PA57 \|year=2010 \|publisher=Penguin Books India \|isbn=978-0-14-341517-6 \|pages=57 }}</ref> At first the name Bhārat referred only to the western part of the [[Ganges\|Gangetic Valley]] in [[North India]], but was later more broadly applied to the [[Indian subcontinent]] and the region of [[Greater India]], as was the name "India". Today it refers to the contemporary [[Republic of India]] located therein. The name "India" is originally derived from the name of the river Sindhu ([[Indus River]]) and has been in use in Greek since [[Herodotus]] (~~4th~~ century BCE). The term appeared in [[Old English]] as early the 9th century and reemerged in [[Modern English]] in the 17th century.		"Bhārat", the name for India in several Indian languages, is variously said to be derived from the name of either [[Bharata (Mahabharata)\|Dushyanta's son Bharata]] or [[Bharata Chakravartin\|Rishabha's son Bharata]].<ref name="Roshen_2010">{{cite book \|author=Roshen Dalal \|title=The Religions of India: A Concise Guide to Nine Major Faiths \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pNmfdAKFpkQC&pg=PA57 \|year=2010 \|publisher=Penguin Books India \|isbn=978-0-14-341517-6 \|pages=57 }}</ref> At first the name Bhārat referred only to the western part of the [[Ganges\|Gangetic Valley]] in [[North India]], but was later more broadly applied to the [[Indian subcontinent]] and the region of [[Greater India]], as was the name "India". Today it refers to the contemporary [[Republic of India]] located therein. The name "India" is originally derived from the name of the river Sindhu ([[Indus River]]) and has been in use in Greek since [[Herodotus]] (5th century BCE). The term appeared in [[Old English]] as early the 9th century and reemerged in [[Modern English]] in the 17th century.

	==India==		==India==
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	The earliest recorded use of Bhāratavarṣa in a geographical sense is in the [[Hathigumpha inscription]] of King [[Kharavela]] (first century BCE), where it applies only to a restrained area of northern India, namely the part of the [[Ganges\|Gangetic Valley]] west of [[Magadha]].<ref>[[D. N. Jha\|Dwijendra Narayan Jha]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=dqDgBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA11 ''Rethinking Hindu Identity''] (Routledge: 2014), p.11</ref><ref>[[Upinder Singh]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=t6A4DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA253 ''Political Violence in Ancient India''], p.253</ref> In the Sanskrit epic, the ''[[Mahabharata]]'' (200 BCE to 300 CE), a larger region of North India is encompassed by the term, but much of the [[Deccan Plateau\|Deccan]] and [[South India]] are still excluded.<ref>D.N. Jha (2014), p.11</ref>		The earliest recorded use of Bhāratavarṣa in a geographical sense is in the [[Hathigumpha inscription]] of King [[Kharavela]] (first century BCE), where it applies only to a restrained area of northern India, namely the part of the [[Ganges\|Gangetic Valley]] west of [[Magadha]].<ref>[[D. N. Jha\|Dwijendra Narayan Jha]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=dqDgBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA11 ''Rethinking Hindu Identity''] (Routledge: 2014), p.11</ref><ref>[[Upinder Singh]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=t6A4DwAAQBAJ&pg=PA253 ''Political Violence in Ancient India''], p.253</ref> In the Sanskrit epic, the ''[[Mahabharata]]'' (200 BCE to 300 CE), a larger region of North India is encompassed by the term, but much of the [[Deccan Plateau\|Deccan]] and [[South India]] are still excluded.<ref>D.N. Jha (2014), p.11</ref>

	Bhārata has been used as a self-ascribed name by some people of the Indian subcontinent and the Republic of India.<ref>Article 1 of the English version of the [[Constitution of India]]: "India that is Bharat shall be a Union of States."</ref> The designation ''Bhārata'' appears in the official Sanskrit name of the country, ''Bhārata Gaṇarājya''. The name is derived from the ancient Hindu [[Puranas]], which refer to the land that comprises India as ''Bhāratavarṣa'' (~~Sanskrit:~~ भारतवर्ष, lit~~. ''~~country of Bharata'') and uses this term to distinguish it from other ''varṣa''s or continents.<ref name="pargiter">{{Citation\|title=Ancient Indian Historical Tradition\|last=Pargiter\|first=F. F.\|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass\|place=Delhi\|year=1922\|page=131}}</ref> For example, the [[Vayu Purana]] says "''he who conquers the whole of Bhāratavarṣa is celebrated as a samrāt'' (Vayu Purana 45, 86)."<ref name="pargiter p.40">{{Citation\|title=Ancient Indian Historical Tradition\|last=Pargiter\|first=F. F.\|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass\|place=Delhi\|year=1922\|pages=ff. 8 p. 40}}</ref>		Bhārata has been used as a self-ascribed name by some people of the Indian subcontinent and the Republic of India.<ref>Article 1 of the English version of the [[Constitution of India]]: "India that is Bharat shall be a Union of States."</ref> The designation ''Bhārata'' appears in the official Sanskrit name of the country, ''Bhārata Gaṇarājya''. The name is derived from the ancient Hindu [[Puranas]], which refer to the land that comprises India as ''Bhāratavarṣa'' ({{Lang-sa\|भारतवर्ष\|lit=country of Bharata}}) and uses this term to distinguish it from other ''varṣa''s or continents.<ref name="pargiter">{{Citation\|title=Ancient Indian Historical Tradition\|last=Pargiter\|first=F. F.\|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass\|place=Delhi\|year=1922\|page=131}}</ref> For example, the [[Vayu Purana]] says "''he who conquers the whole of Bhāratavarṣa is celebrated as a samrāt'' (Vayu Purana 45, 86)."<ref name="pargiter p.40">{{Citation\|title=Ancient Indian Historical Tradition\|last=Pargiter\|first=F. F.\|publisher=Motilal Banarsidass\|place=Delhi\|year=1922\|pages=ff. 8 p. 40}}</ref>

	The Sanskrit word ''bhārata'' is a vṛddhi derivation of ''Bharata'', which was originally an epithet of [[Agni]]. The term is a verbal noun of the Sanskrit root bhr-, "to bear/to carry", with a literal meaning of to be maintained (of [[fire]]). The [[root (linguistics)\|root]] ''bhr'' is cognate with the English verb ''to bear'' and Latin ''ferō''. This term also means "one who is engaged in search for knowledge". ''Barato'', the [[Esperanto]] name for India, is also a derivation of ''Bhārata''		The Sanskrit word ''bhārata'' is a [[vṛddhi]] derivation of ''Bharata'', which was originally an epithet of [[Agni]]. The term is a verbal noun of the Sanskrit root bhr-, "to bear/to carry", with a literal meaning of to be maintained (of [[fire]]). The [[root (linguistics)\|root]] ''bhr'' is cognate with the English verb ''to bear'' and Latin ''ferō''. This term also means "one who is engaged in search for knowledge". ''Barato'', the [[Esperanto]] name for India, is also a derivation of ''Bhārata''

	According to the Puranas, this country is known as Bharatavarsha after [[Bharata Chakravartin\|Bharata]], the son of [[Rishabhanatha\|Rishabha]].He was a Kshatriya born in Ikshvaku Dynasty(Solar Dynasty).(Reference -Champat Rai Jain 1929, p. 92). This has been mentioned in Vishnu Purana (2,1,31), Vayu Purana (33,52), Linga Purana (1,47,23), Brahmanda Purana (14,5,62), Agni Purana (107,11–12), Skanda Purana, Khanda (37,57) and Markandaya Purana (50,41), all using the designation ''Bharata Varsha''.		According to the Puranas, this country is known as Bharatavarsha after [[Bharata Chakravartin\|Bharata]], the son of [[Rishabhanatha\|Rishabha]].He was a Kshatriya born in Ikshvaku Dynasty(Solar Dynasty).(Reference -Champat Rai Jain 1929, p. 92). This has been mentioned in Vishnu Purana (2,1,31), Vayu Purana (33,52), Linga Purana (1,47,23), Brahmanda Purana (14,5,62), Agni Purana (107,11–12), Skanda Purana, Khanda (37,57) and Markandaya Purana (50,41), all using the designation ''Bharata Varsha''.
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	[[File:Jambudiipasi.jpg\|thumb\|The name ''Jambudīpasi'' for "India" ([[Brahmi script]]) in the Sahasram [[Minor Rock Edict]] of [[Ashoka]], circa 250 BCE.<ref>{{cite book \|title=Inscriptions of Asoka. New Edition by E. Hultzsch \|date=1925 \|pages=169–171 \|url=https://archive.org/stream/InscriptionsOfAsoka.NewEditionByE.Hultzsch/HultzschCorpusAsokaSearchable#page/n345 \|language=sa}}</ref>]]		[[File:Jambudiipasi.jpg\|thumb\|The name ''Jambudīpasi'' for "India" ([[Brahmi script]]) in the Sahasram [[Minor Rock Edict]] of [[Ashoka]], circa 250 BCE.<ref>{{cite book \|title=Inscriptions of Asoka. New Edition by E. Hultzsch \|date=1925 \|pages=169–171 \|url=https://archive.org/stream/InscriptionsOfAsoka.NewEditionByE.Hultzsch/HultzschCorpusAsokaSearchable#page/n345 \|language=sa}}</ref>]]

	[[Jambudvipa]] (~~[[Sanskrit]]:~~ जम्बुद्वीप ''Jambu-dvīpa~~'', lit. "berry island"~~) was used in ancient scriptures as a name of India before Bhārata became the official name. The derivative ''Jambu Dwipa'' was the historical term for India in many [[Southeast Asia]]n countries before the introduction of the English word "India". This alternate name is still used occasionally in Thailand, Malaysia, Java and Bali to describe the Indian Subcontinent. However, it also can refer to the whole continent of Asia.		[[Jambudvipa]] ({{Lang-sa\|जम्बुद्वीप\|lit=berry island\|translit=Jambu-dvīpa}}) was used in ancient scriptures as a name of India before Bhārata became the official name. The derivative ''Jambu Dwipa'' was the historical term for India in many [[Southeast Asia]]n countries before the introduction of the English word "India". This alternate name is still used occasionally in Thailand, Malaysia, Java and Bali to describe the Indian Subcontinent. However, it also can refer to the whole continent of Asia.

	==Tianzhu==		==Tianzhu==
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	In ancient times, the Japanese and some other Asian peoples, especially devout Buddhists, traditionally used "Tenjiku" and its related terms to designate India as their "heavenly centre", referring to the sacred origins of [[Buddhism]] in the [[Indian subcontinent]].<ref>[http://www.kamit.jp/01_introdctn/invi_eng.htm An Invitation to Indian Architecture]</ref><ref>[https://www.thenationalnews.com/how-the-japan-india-alliance-could-redraw-the-political-map-1.344356 How the Japan-India alliance could redraw the political map]</ref>		In ancient times, the Japanese and some other Asian peoples, especially devout Buddhists, traditionally used "Tenjiku" and its related terms to designate India as their "heavenly centre", referring to the sacred origins of [[Buddhism]] in the [[Indian subcontinent]].<ref>[http://www.kamit.jp/01_introdctn/invi_eng.htm An Invitation to Indian Architecture]</ref><ref>[https://www.thenationalnews.com/how-the-japan-india-alliance-could-redraw-the-political-map-1.344356 How the Japan-India alliance could redraw the political map]</ref>

	The current [[Chinese language\|Chinese]] word for India is {{lang\|zh-Latn\|{{visible anchor\|Yìndù}}}} ({{lang\|zh-Hani\|印度}}), first used by the seventh-century monk and traveller [[Xuanzang]].<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Khair \|first1=Tabish \|title=Other Routes: 1500 Years of African and Asian Travel Writing \|date=2006 \|publisher=Signal Books \|isbn=9781904955115 \|page=36}}</ref> Similar to Hindu and Sindhu, the term {{lang\|zh-Latn\|Yìn}} was used in classical Chinese much like the English ''Ind''.		The current [[Chinese language\|Chinese]] word for India is {{lang\|zh-Latn\|{{visible anchor\|Yìndù}}}} ({{lang\|zh-Hani\|印度}}), first used by the seventh-century monk and traveller [[Xuanzang]].<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Khair \|first1=Tabish \|title=Other Routes: 1500 Years of African and Asian Travel Writing \|date=2006 \|publisher=Signal Books \|isbn=9781904955115 \|page=36}}</ref> Similar to Hindu and Sindhu, the term {{lang\|zh-Latn\|Yìn}} 狼之印 was used in classical Chinese much like the English ''Ind''.

	==Hodu==		==Hodu==

Hembram Bakhul: Created page with "{{Short description|Various names used for India}} {{for|a list|Names of India in its official languages}} {{India topics sidebar}} {{Use Indian English|date=April 2020}} {{U..."

2021-07-03T06:48:47Z

Created page with "{{Short description|Various names used for India}} {{for|a list|Names of India in its official languages}} {{India topics sidebar}} {{Use Indian English|date=April 2020}} {{U..."

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← Older revision		Revision as of 23:21, 5 September 2023
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	{{Main\|Hindustan}}		{{Main\|Hindustan}}
	[[File:Darius I statue India.jpg\|thumb\|upright=0.5\|{{center\|1=<big><big>𓉔𓈖𓂧𓍯𓇌</big></big><br><small>''H-n-d-w[[Aleph\|Ꜣ]]-y''</small><br>"India" written in [[Egyptian hieroglyphs]] on the [[:Commons:Category:Statue of Darius I\|Statue of Darius I]], circa 500 BCE.<ref name=NMI>[[National Museum of Iran]] [[:File:Darius I statue list of subject countries.jpg\|notice]]</ref>}}]]		[[File:Darius I statue India.jpg\|thumb\|upright=0.5\|{{center\|1=<big><big>𓉔𓈖𓂧𓍯𓇌</big></big><br><small>''H-n-d-w[[Aleph\|Ꜣ]]-y''</small><br>"India" written in [[Egyptian hieroglyphs]] on the [[:Commons:Category:Statue of Darius I\|Statue of Darius I]], circa 500 BCE.<ref name=NMI>[[National Museum of Iran]] [[:File:Darius I statue list of subject countries.jpg\|notice]]</ref>}}]]
	The words {{transl\|fa\|Hindū}} ({{lang-fa\|هندو}}) and {{transl\|fa\|Hind}} ({{lang-fa\|هند}}) came from [[Indo-Aryan languages\|Indo-Aryan]]/[[Sanskrit]] {{transl\|sa\|Sindhu}} (the [[Indus River]] or its [[Sindh\|region]]). The [[Achaemenid]] emperor [[Darius I]] conquered [[Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley\|the Indus valley]] in about 516 BCE, upon which the Achaemenid equivalent of {{transl\|sa\|Sindhu}}, viz., "''Hindush''" ~~({{wikt-lang\|peo\|𐏃𐎡𐎯𐎢𐏁}}, {{transl\|peo\|H-i-du-u-š}})~~ was used for the lower Indus basin.<ref name="Eggermont Hindush">{{harvp\|Eggermont, Alexander's Campaigns in Sind and Baluchistan\|1975}}: 'The Persians coined the name of Hindush after the current Sanskrit geographical name of Sindhu. Neither the Old Persian inscriptions, nor the Avesta make use of the word hindu in the sense of "river".'</ref><ref name="Dandamaev Hindush">{{citation \|last=Dandamaev \|first=M. A. \|title=A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ms30qA6nyMsC&pg=PA147 \|year=1989 \|publisher=BRILL \|isbn=90-04-09172-6 \|page=147}}: "The new satrapy, which received the name of Hindush, extended from the centre to the lower part of the Indus Valley, in present-day Pakistan."</ref> The name was also known as far as the Achaemenid province of [[Egypt]] where it was written {{lang\|egy\|𓉔𓈖𓂧𓍯𓇌}} ({{transl\|egy\|H-n-d-wꜣ-y}}) on the [[:Commons:Category:Statue of Darius I\|Statue of Darius I]], circa 500 BCE.<ref name=EI>{{cite book \|last1=Yar-Shater \|first1=Ehsan \|title=Encyclopaedia Iranica \|date=1982 \|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul \|isbn=9780933273955 \|page=10 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vBQZAQAAIAAJ \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Susa, Statue of Darius – Livius \|url=http://www.livius.org/articles/place/susa/susa-photos/susa-statue-of-darius/ \|website=www.livius.org \|language=en}}</ref><ref name=NMI/>		The words {{transl\|fa\|Hindū}} ({{lang-fa\|هندو}}) and {{transl\|fa\|Hind}} ({{lang-fa\|هند}}) came from [[Indo-Aryan languages\|Indo-Aryan]]/[[Sanskrit]] {{transl\|sa\|Sindhu}} (the [[Indus River]] or its [[Sindh\|region]]). The [[Achaemenid]] emperor [[Darius I]] conquered [[Achaemenid conquest of the Indus Valley\|the Indus valley]] in about 516 BCE, upon which the Achaemenid equivalent of {{transl\|sa\|Sindhu}}, viz., "''Hindush''" was used for the lower Indus basin.<ref name="Eggermont Hindush">{{harvp\|Eggermont, Alexander's Campaigns in Sind and Baluchistan\|1975}}: 'The Persians coined the name of Hindush after the current Sanskrit geographical name of Sindhu. Neither the Old Persian inscriptions, nor the Avesta make use of the word hindu in the sense of "river".'</ref><ref name="Dandamaev Hindush">{{citation \|last=Dandamaev \|first=M. A. \|title=A Political History of the Achaemenid Empire \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ms30qA6nyMsC&pg=PA147 \|year=1989 \|publisher=BRILL \|isbn=90-04-09172-6 \|page=147}}: "The new satrapy, which received the name of Hindush, extended from the centre to the lower part of the Indus Valley, in present-day Pakistan."</ref> The name was also known as far as the Achaemenid province of [[Egypt]] where it was written {{lang\|egy\|𓉔𓈖𓂧𓍯𓇌}} ({{transl\|egy\|H-n-d-wꜣ-y}}) on the [[:Commons:Category:Statue of Darius I\|Statue of Darius I]], circa 500 BCE.<ref name=EI>{{cite book \|last1=Yar-Shater \|first1=Ehsan \|title=Encyclopaedia Iranica \|date=1982 \|publisher=Routledge & Kegan Paul \|isbn=9780933273955 \|page=10 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vBQZAQAAIAAJ \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite web \|title=Susa, Statue of Darius – Livius \|url=http://www.livius.org/articles/place/susa/susa-photos/susa-statue-of-darius/ \|website=www.livius.org \|language=en}}</ref><ref name=NMI/>

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