42.105.81.32 at 13:50, 4 August 2021

2021-08-04T13:50:01Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=November 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=November 2018}}
{{more citations needed|date=October 2016}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Najafgarh
| settlement_type =
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Delhi
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in India
| coordinates = {{coord|28|36|45|N|76|59|5|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Delhi]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[South West Delhi]]
| established_title = 
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body = Municipal Corporation of Delhi
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| population_total = 1,365,152<ref name="Census2011">{{cite web|title=Census of India 2011 Primary Census Abstract|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/PCA_Highlights/pca_highlights_file/Delhi/DATA_SHEET_PCA_SUB-DISTRICTS_NCT_OF_DELHI.pdf|publisher=Government of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114002057/http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/PCA_Highlights/pca_highlights_file/Delhi/DATA_SHEET_PCA_SUB-DISTRICTS_NCT_OF_DELHI.pdf|archive-date=2013-11-14}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Spoken
| demographics1_info1 = [[Haryanvi]], English [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = 
| postal_code = 110043
| registration_plate =
| blank1_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha]] constituency
| blank1_info_sec1 = West Delhi
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha]] constituency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Najafgarh (Delhi Assembly constituency)|Najafgarh]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = Civic agency
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Municipal Corporation of Delhi|MCD]]
| website =
| footnotes =
| official_name =
}}
'''Najafgarh''' is a city in the [[South West Delhi|South West Delhi district]] of [[National Capital Territory of Delhi]], [[India]]. It is one of the three subdivisions of the Southwest Delhi district.<ref>{{cite web|title=South West District|url=http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_southwest/South+West+District/Home/District+Administration/|website=www.delhi.gov.in|access-date=23 September 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160915182646/http://www.delhi.gov.in/wps/wcm/connect/doit_southwest/South%2BWest%2BDistrict/Home/District%2BAdministration|archive-date=15 September 2016}}</ref> Najafgarh is located at outskirts of south western part of [[Delhi]] sharing its territory with [[Gurgaon|Gurugram]] and [[Bahadurgarh]], [[Haryana]].

==History==
[[File:Mughal amir horseback large c hi.jpg|thumb|140px|right|[[Mirza Najaf Khan]], after whom Najafgarh is named]]
[[File:Battle of Najafgarh.jpg|200px|The [[Battle of Najafgarh]]|thumb|right]]
Najafgarh was named after [[Mirza Najaf Khan]]<ref>{{cite book|last1=Chenoy|first1=Shama Mitra|title=Shahjahanabad: A City of Delhi, 1638–1857|publisher=Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers|isbn=9788121508025|page=109|language=en|year=1998}}</ref><ref name="Delhi Govt Website">[http://delhigovt.nic.in Delhi Govt Website] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100919175447/http://delhigovt.nic.in/ |date=2010-09-19 }}</ref> (1723–1782) the commander-in-chief of the [[Mughal Army]] under King [[Shah Alam II]].<ref>{{cite book|last1=Qanung|first1=K R|last2=Singh|first2=Vir|title=History of the Jats (Upto The Death Of Mirza Najaf Khan, 1782)}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Gupta|first1=Hari Ram|title=A History of the Sikhs, from Nadir Shah's Invasion to the Rise of Ranjit Singh, 1739–1799: Cis-Sutlej Sikhs, 1769–1799|date=1944|publisher=Minerva Book Shop|location=Punjab|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ow8uAAAAMAAJ&q=najafgarh+named+after+mirza+najaf+khan|access-date=23 September 2016|language=en}}</ref> He marched several kilometers from the capital of [[Shahjahanabad]] to establish a military outpost, which would guard Delhi against attacks by [[British East India|British]], [[Rohillas]] and [[Sikhs]]. He built a strong fort,<ref>{{cite book|last1=Burton-Page|first1=John|title=Indian Islamic Architecture: Forms and Typologies, Sites and Monuments|year=2008|url=https://archive.org/details/dli.doa.186|publisher=BRILL|isbn=978-9004163393|language=en}}</ref> in the suburbs beyond the capital city, and settled a small number of the [[Mughal tribe|Mughal]] here. That fort was later named Najafgarh.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Spear|first1=Thomas George Percival|last2=Gupta|first2=Narayani|last3=Sykes|first3=Laura|title=Delhi, its monuments and history|publisher=Oxford University Press|isbn=9780195634600|language=en|year=1994}}</ref> After the death of Najaf Khan, Najafgarh later became a fortified stronghold of the Rohilla [[Afghan (ethnonym)|Afghan]] chieftain [[Zabita Khan]] (b. 1785).<ref>[http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/28802/60250107.pdf?sequence=1 Strategy Framework for Delhi beyond the Commonwealth Games 2010], BY DANNY CHERIAN, 2004 {{webarchive |url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131029222016/http://dspace.mit.edu/bitstream/handle/1721.1/28802/60250107.pdf?sequence=1 |date=29 October 2013 }}</ref>

During the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], and as a part of the [[Siege of Delhi]],<ref>{{cite book|last1=Edwardes|first1=Michael|title=Battles of the Indian Mutiny.|date=1963|publisher=Pan Books.|location=London|isbn=0-330-02524-4}}</ref> the [[Battle of Najafgarh]] took place on 25 August 1857<ref>{{cite book|last1=Haigh|first1=R. H.|last2=Turner|first2=Philip Wilson|title=John Nicholson, the Battle of Najafgarh and the Siege of Delhi|publisher=Sheffield City Polytechnic, Department of Political Studies|language=en}}</ref> between Indian rebels and [[British Raj]] soldiers.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dalrymple|first1=William|title=The last Mughal : the fall of a dynasty, Delhi, 1857|date=2006|publisher=Penguin, Viking|location=New Delhi|isbn=0-670-99925-3}}</ref> Approximately 800 people were killed.<ref>{{cite book|title=Indian Mutiny 1857 – 58 – Vol. I|publisher=Asian Educational Services|isbn=9788120619937|language=en}}</ref> After the defeat of the Mughal troops in 1857, Delhi came under the control of the British Empire in 1858. Najafgarh became a part of [[Delhi district]]<ref>{{cite web|title="Chapter 1: Introduction": Economic Survey of Delhi, 2005–2006|url=http://delhiplanning.nic.in/Economic%20Survey/ES%202005-06/Chpt/1.pdf|publisher=Planning Department, Government of National Capital Territory of Delhi|access-date=1 October 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161113174155/http://delhiplanning.nic.in/Economic%20Survey/ES%202005-06/Chpt/1.pdf|archive-date=13 November 2016}}</ref> of the Delhi Division of [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab Province]]. Delhi was transferred from the [[North-Western Provinces]] (later the United Provinces) to [[Punjab Province (British India)|Punjab]] by the British Government in 1859.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Gupta|first1=Narayani|title=Delhi Between Two Empires, 1803–1931.|url=https://archive.org/details/delhibetweentwoe0000gupt|url-access=registration|date=1981|publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref>

In 1861, the North-Western Provinces education system was abolished in Delhi,<ref name="sharma" />{{rp|18}} and a new system for schools modelled on the Punjab education system was introduced by W.M. Holroyd, the Inspector of Schools for the [[Ambala Division]].<ref name="sharma">{{cite book|last1=Sharma|first1=Ajay Kumar|title=A History of Educational Institutions in Delhi|date=2011|publisher=Sanbun Publishers|location=New Delhi|isbn=9789380213149|language=en}}</ref>{{rp|47}} New schools were opened at [[Narela]], Najafgarh, [[Mehrauli]] and their suburbs. Several schools were opened in the following decades. The Delhi Normal School was shifted to Najafgarh from [[Kashmiri Gate, Delhi|Kashmere Gate]] in 1911.<ref name="sharma" />{{rp|71}}<ref>{{cite book|title=The Platinum Heritage- 1920–1955|date=1955|publisher=Modern School Booklet|location=New Delhi}}</ref> The Delhi Normal School, with a small attached Model School,<ref>'Final Memorandum by major W.R.M. Holroyd Regarding the Central Training College,' incld. in, Leitner to offg. sec. to the Government of the Punjab, 1 June 1878, no. 354, OIOC P/1148</ref> trained its teachers in closer accordance with European methods than any other Normal School in Northern India.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Allender|first1=Tim|title=Ruling Through Education: The Politics of Schooling in the Colonial Punjab|publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd|isbn=9781932705706|pages=239, 240|language=en|year=2006}}</ref>

In 1947, Najafgarh became a part of [[Independence Day (India)|independent India]] and fell under the [[States and union territories of India|union territory]] of Delhi. [[Najafgarh (Delhi Assembly constituency)|Najafgarh Assembly Constituency]] was established in 1993 when the [[Delhi Legislative Assembly|Delhi legislative assembly]] was re-established after the Constitution (Sixty-ninth Amendment Act, 1991) came into force. This declared the Union Territory of Delhi to be formally known as National Capital Territory of Delhi.<ref>{{cite web|title=THE CONSTITUTION (Sixty-ninth Amendment) Act, 1991|url=http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend69.htm|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160821020032/http://indiacode.nic.in/coiweb/amend/amend69.htm|archive-date=2016-08-21}}</ref> [[Najafgarh (Delhi Assembly constituency)|Najafgarh]] is now one of the most populous electoral regions in the [[National Capital Region of India]] (NCR). Najafgarh is surrounded by 70 villages bordering Haryana. The borders are {{convert|10|km|mi}} to {{convert|15|km|mi}} from the main Najafgarh Market.

==Geography==
[[File:Najafgarh - Aerial View - New Delhi 2016-08-04 5775.JPG|Aerial View of Najafgarh|thumb|right]]
[[File:Najafgarh Drain - Aerial View - New Delhi 2016-08-04 5780.JPG|thumb|200px|left|Aerial View of [[Najafgarh Drain]]]]
Najafgarh is located at {{Coord|28.60|N|76.98|E|}}<ref>{{cite web|title=Najafgarh, New Delhi, Delhi, India Map Lat Long Coordinates|url=http://www.latlong.net/place/najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-india-15870.html|website=www.latlong.net|access-date=23 September 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923183638/http://www.latlong.net/place/najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-india-15870.html|archive-date=23 September 2016}}</ref> in the [[South West Delhi district]] in the [[NCT of Delhi]]. Najafgarh is situated {{convert|29|km|mi}} Southwest of the New Delhi City Centre and {{convert|10|km|mi}} northwest to the district headquarters at [[Dwarka, Delhi|Dwarka]]. It has an average elevation of {{convert|218|m|abbr=on}} above mean Sea Level.<ref>{{cite web|title=Elevation of Najafgarh, New Delhi, Delhi, 110043 with altitude and height|url=http://elevationmap.net/gaushala-rd-jatav-mohalla-dharampura-najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-110043-india?latlngs=(28.612758704805795,76.9857109359375)|access-date=23 September 2016|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160923193453/http://elevationmap.net/gaushala-rd-jatav-mohalla-dharampura-najafgarh-new-delhi-delhi-110043-india?latlngs=%2828.612758704805795%2C76.9857109359375%29|archive-date=23 September 2016}}</ref> [[Najafgarh Drain]], the continuation of the [[Sahibi River]] and an elongation of the [[Najafgarh Lake]] is the Indian capital's most polluted body of water<ref>{{cite news|title=Najafgarh basin is Delhi's most polluted area|url=http://www.indianexpress.com/news/najafgarh-basin-delhis-most-polluted-area/558870/|access-date=23 September 2016|work=www.indianexpress.com|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100119214020/http://www.indianexpress.com/news/najafgarh-basin-delhis-most-polluted-area/558870/|archive-date=19 January 2010}}</ref> due to the direct inflow of untreated sewage from surrounding populated areas. A January 2005 report by the [[Central Pollution Control Board]] classifies this drain, with 13 other highly polluted wetlands, under category ‘‘D’’ for assessing the water quality of wetlands in wildlife habitats.<ref>{{cite web|title=Blot across the Capital: Najafgarh most polluted|url=http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=138509|website=cities.expressindia.com|access-date=23 September 2016}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Environment minister raises a stink over Najafgarh jheel|url=http://cities.expressindia.com/fullstory.php?newsid=118627|access-date=23 September 2016|work=cities.expressindia.com}}{{Dead link|date=April 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Najafgarh drain 11th among highly polluted industrial clusters|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-25/pollution/28101026_1_industrial-clusters-industrial-hubs-najafgarh-drain|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110912184105/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2009-12-25/pollution/28101026_1_industrial-clusters-industrial-hubs-najafgarh-drain|url-status=dead|archive-date=12 September 2011|work=[[The Times of India]]|access-date=23 September 2016}}</ref>

== Demographics ==
As of 2011 India census, the population of Najafgarh is 1,365,152.<ref name="Census2011"/> Female sex Ratio is of 872 against Delhi's average of 868. Moreover, the Child Sex Ratio in Najafgarh is around 832 compared to Delhi's average of 871.<ref name="Census2011"/> The majority of the inhabitants are locals others are from Haryana, [[Uttrakhand]], [[Punjab]], [[Himachal Pradesh]], [[Bihar]] and [[Uttar Pradesh]]. The literacy rate is 88.1%.<ref name="Census2011"/> [[Schedule Caste]] (SC) constitutes 12.60% of total population in Najafgarh.

== Politics ==
Pravesh Verma of BJP is the MP from this constituency while [[Kailash Gahlot]], Advocate of the [[Aam Aadmi Party]] is MLA and Parliamentary Secretary, Government of NCT of Delhi from this region. Mr. Gahlot defeated former MLA Bharat Singh of the INLD in the [[2015 Delhi Legislative Assembly election]]

==Transport==
[[Indira Gandhi International Airport]] is the nearest international Airport to Najafgarh.

Najafgarh is connected by roads with major destinations all over Delhi and Haryana. The [[Delhi Transport Corporation|DTC (Delhi Transport Corporation)]] and DIMTS (Delhi Multi-Model Transit System) provide bus services from Najafgarh Bus Terminal to the other parts of Delhi.

==Notable Persons==
There are many notable persons from Najafgarh:
*[[Chaudhary Brahm Prakash|Ch. Brahm Prakash Yadav]]: first chief minister of Delhi.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Puri|first1=Yogesh|title=Party Politics in the Nehru Era: A Study of Congress in Delhi|publisher=National Book Organisation|isbn=9788185135724|page=147|language=en|year=1993}}</ref>
*[[Virender Sehwag]]: Indian Cricketer, born in Najafgarh<ref>{{cite book|last1=Garg|first1=Chitra|title=Indian Champions: Profiles of Famous Indian Sportspersons|publisher=Rajpal & Sons|isbn=9788170288527|page=191|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Fq1wdzqhu6kC&q=sehwag+born+in+najafagrh&pg=PA191|access-date=23 September 2016|language=en|year=2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|last1=Sen|first1=Ronojoy|title=Nation at Play: A History of Sport in India|publisher=Columbia University Press|isbn=9780231539937|page=276|language=en|date=27 October 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Dwivedi|first1=Sandeep|title=The unlikely makeover of Virender Sehwag|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/the-unlikely-makeover-of-virender-sehwag/|access-date=23 September 2016|publisher=The Indian Express|date=11 January 2014|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161202123412/http://indianexpress.com/article/sports/cricket/the-unlikely-makeover-of-virender-sehwag/|archive-date=2 December 2016}}</ref>
*[[Sushil Kumar (wrestler)|Sushil Kumar]]: Indian wrestler, born in Baprola Village, Najafgarh<ref>{{cite news|title=Man from Baprola achieved what 'Pocket Dynamo' did 56 years ago – The Times of India|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/man-from-baprola-achieved-what-pocket-dynamo-did-56-years-ago/articleshow/15012468.cms|access-date=23 September 2016|work=The Times Of India|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112174834/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/news/man-from-baprola-achieved-what-pocket-dynamo-did-56-years-ago/articleshow/15012468.cms|archive-date=12 January 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Sushil's journey: From mud pits to Olympic podiums|url=http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/article3758096.ece|access-date=23 September 2016|work=The Hindu|publisher=The Hindu|date=12 August 2012|language=en-IN|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160217224545/http://www.thehindu.com/sport/other-sports/article3758096.ece|archive-date=17 February 2016}}</ref>
* [[Krishna Yadav]] won the [[Nari Shakti Puraskar]] for her business here.

== See also ==
* [[Mirza Najaf Khan]]
* [[Najafgarh drain]], Delhi
* [[Najafgarh drain bird sanctuary]], Delhi
* [[Najafgarh Lake]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{Neighborhoods of Delhi}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Delhi]]
[[Category:District subdivisions of Delhi]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in South West Delhi district]]

Najafgarh - Revision history

42.105.81.32 at 13:50, 4 August 2021