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	<title>Nagpuri people - Revision history</title>
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		<title>-&gt;Dev0745: /* Marriage tradition */</title>
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		<summary type="html">&lt;p&gt;&lt;span class=&quot;autocomment&quot;&gt;Marriage tradition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;New page&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;div&gt;{{distinguish|text = people from [[Nagpur]], a city in [[Maharashtra]]}} &lt;br /&gt;
{{Short description|Ethnolinguistic group}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2019}}&lt;br /&gt;
{{infobox ethnic group&lt;br /&gt;
| group = Nagpuri/Nagpuria/Sadan&lt;br /&gt;
| image = &lt;br /&gt;
| flag = &lt;br /&gt;
| caption = &lt;br /&gt;
| population = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;{{Circa|4 million|lk=yes}}&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; &amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language_MTs.html|title=Statement 1: Abstract of speakers&amp;#039; strength of languages and mother tongues - 2011|publisher=Office of the Registrar General &amp;amp; Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=2018-07-07}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=https://www.ethnologue.com/language/sck|title=Sadri|website=Ethnologue}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| popplace = [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]]&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;([[Jharkhand]], [[Bihar]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]]), [[West Bengal]], [[Assam]]&lt;br /&gt;
| langs = [[Sadri language|Nagpuri]] • [[Hindi]]  &lt;br /&gt;
| religions = &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Predominantly:&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{hlist|[[File:Om.svg|15px]][[Hinduism]]}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Minorities:&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{hlist|[[File:Dharma Wheel.svg|18px]] [[Buddhism]]|[[File:Christian cross.svg|12px]] [[Christianity]]|[[File:Allah-green.svg|15px]] [[Islam]]}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| related = &amp;lt;br&amp;gt;{{hlist|Other [[Indo-Aryan peoples]]}}&amp;lt;br&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
| native_name = &lt;br /&gt;
| native_name_lang = &lt;br /&gt;
}}&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nagpuri&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039; or &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nagpuria&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, historically referred to as &amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;Sadan&amp;#039;&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, are an [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] [[ethnolinguistic group]] who traditionally speak [[Sadri language|Nagpuri]] as their native language and reside in western [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]] region  of Indian state  [[Jharkhand]], [[Bihar]], [[Chhattisgarh]] and [[Odisha]].&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Sadani / Sadri&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=http://www.southasiabibliography.de/uploads/Sadri.htm|title=Sadani / Sadri|website=Southasiabibliography.de|access-date=8 September 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190108210219/http://www.southasiabibliography.de/uploads/Sadri.htm|archive-date=8 January 2019|url-status=dead}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Etymology==&lt;br /&gt;
Historically the native speaker of Sadri/Nagpuri language are known as &amp;#039;&amp;#039;[[Sadan people|Sadan]]&amp;#039;&amp;#039;. Sadan means non-tribal Indo-Aryan language speaker who  traditionally speak [[Sadri language|Nagpuri]], [[Khortha language|Khortha]], [[Panchpargania language|Panchpargania]] and [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]].&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Sadani / Sadri&amp;quot;/&amp;gt; The name &amp;quot;Nagpuri&amp;quot; has been propagated by poets and writers. In recent years the  native speaker of Sadri/Nagpuri language are known as &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Nagpuri&amp;#039;&amp;#039; in western study.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Gyh-BwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT206|title=Shadows in the Field: New Perspectives for Fieldwork in Ethnomusicology|isbn=9780199886708|last1=Barz|first1=Gregory F.|last2=Cooley|first2=Timothy J.|date=9 September 2008}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== History ==&lt;br /&gt;
=== Prehistoric era ===&lt;br /&gt;
Stone tools, [[microlith]]s discovered from Chota Nagpur plateau region which are from Mesolithic and Neolithic period.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6PcADgAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PT14|title=India – Pre- historic and Proto-historic periods|first=India-Pre- historic and Proto-historic|last=periods|date=4 November 2016|publisher=Publications Division Ministry of Information &amp;amp; Broadcasting|isbn=9788123023458|access-date=8 September 2018|via=Google Books}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
During [[Neolithic]] period, agriculture started in South Asia. Several neolithic settlements have found in sites such as [[Jhusi]], [[Lahuradewa]], [[Mehergarh]], [[Bhirrana]], [[Rakhigarhi]], [[Koldihwa]], [[Chopani Mando]] and [[Chirand]].&lt;br /&gt;
During the 2nd millennium BC, the use of Cooper tools had spread in the Chotanagpur plateau region and these find-complexes known as [[Copper Hoard Culture]] associated with [[Ochre Coloured Pottery culture]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Paul Alan Yule|Paul Yule]], Addenda to &amp;quot;The Copper Hoards of the Indian Subcontinent: Preliminaries for an Interpretation&amp;quot;, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Man and Environment&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 26.2, 2002, 117–120 http://archiv.ub.uni-heidelberg.de/savifadok/volltexte/2009/510/.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Indus Valley Civilization, Late Phase (1900-1300 BCE).svg|thumb|[[Copper Hoard Culture|Cooper hoard]] objects have been discovered in Chotanagpur region which are from 2nd millenium BCE during [[Indus Valley Civilisation]], Late Phase (1900-1300 BCE)]] &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
In [[Palamu district]] at the confluence of [[Son River|Son]] and [[North Koel River|North Koel]] river in Kabra-Kala mound various antiquities and art objects have been found which are from Neolithic to Medieval period and the [[Sherd|pot-sherds]] of [[Redware]], [[Black and red ware culture|black and red ware]], black ware,  [[Slipware|black slipped ware]] and [[Northern Black Polished Ware|NBP ware]]   are from [[Chalcolithic]] to late medieval period.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.asiranchi.org/activities-kabrakala.html|title=KABRA – KALA|website=www.asiranchi.org|access-date=15 April 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131008093453/http://www.asiranchi.org/activities-kabrakala.html|archive-date=8 October 2013|url-status=dead}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Ancient period ===&lt;br /&gt;
The use of Iron tools and pottery had spread in Chotanagpur plateau region during 1400 BCE according to carbon dating of Iron slag and pottery which have found in [[Singhbhum district]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=H3lUIIYxWkEC&amp;amp;pg=PA220|title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century|first=Upinder|last=Singh|year=2008|publisher=Pearson Education India|isbn=9788131711200|access-date=8 September 2018|via=Google Books}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; During the [[Vedic period]], several [[janapada]]s emerged in northern India. Parts of western India was dominated by tribes who had a slightly different culture, considered non-Vedic by the mainstream Vedic culture prevailing in the [[Kuru Kingdom|Kuru]] and [[Panchala]] kingdoms. Similarly, there were some tribes in the eastern regions of India considered to be in this category. There were many   kingdom existing in the north such as [[Madra Kingdom|Madra]], [[Salva (India)|Salva]] and in the east such as [[Kikata Kingdom|Kikata]],  [[Nishadas]] who were not following [[Historical Vedic religion|Vedic religion]].&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
Around {{circa|1200}}–1000 BCE, [[List of Rigvedic tribes|Vedic Aryans]] spread eastward to the fertile western [[Ganges]] Plain and adopted [[Iron Age|iron tools]] which allowed for clearing of forest and the adoption of a more settled, agricultural way of life. {{sfn|Stein|2010|p=50}}{{sfn|Witzel|1995|p=3-5}}{{sfn|Samuel|2010|p=49-52}} During this time, the central Ganges Plain dominated by a related but non-Vedic Indo-Aryan culture. The end of the Vedic period witnessed the rise of cities and large states (called [[mahajanapada]]s) as well as [[śramaṇa]] movements (including [[Jainism]] and [[Buddhism]]) which challenged the Vedic orthodoxy.{{sfn|Flood|1996|p=82}} &lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Mahajanapadas (c. 500 BCE).png|thumb|[[Magadha]] and other Mahajanapadas in the Post Vedic period]]&lt;br /&gt;
According to Bronkhorst, the sramana culture arose in [[greater Magadha]], which was Indo-European, but not Vedic. In this culture, [[Kshatriya]]s were placed higher than [[Brahmin]]s, and it rejected [[Vedic priesthood|Vedic]] authority and rituals.{{sfn|Bronkhorst|2007}}{{sfn|Long|2013|p=chapter II}} These Sramana religions did not worship the [[Rigvedic deities|Vedic deities]], practiced some form of [[asceticism]] and [[meditation]] ([[jhana]]) and tended to construct round burial mounds (called [[stupas]] in Buddhism).&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Bronkorst, J; Greater Magadha: Studies in the Culture of Early India&amp;#039;&amp;#039; (2007), p. 3&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Some parts of Nagpuri speaking region was part of [[Magadha]] Mahajanpada.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
During 4th Century BCE region was ruled by [[Nanda Empire]].&lt;br /&gt;
In Mauryan period, this region ruled by a number of states, which were collectively known as the Atavika (forest) states. These states accepted the suzerainty of the [[Maurya empire]] during [[Ashoka]]&amp;#039;s reign (c. 232 BCE). [[Samudragupta]], while marching through the present-day Chotanagpur region, directed the attack against the kingdom of [[Dakshina Kosala]] in the Mahanadi valley.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book | url=https://archive.org/details/personalgeograph00sharuoft | page=[https://archive.org/details/personalgeograph00sharuoft/page/258 258] |title = Personal and Geographical Names in the Gupta Inscriptions| publisher=Concept Publishing Company |last1 = Sharma|first1 = Tej Ram|year = 1978}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Medieval period===&lt;br /&gt;
During medieval period [[Nagvanshi dynasty|Nagvanshi]] and [[Ramgarh Raj]] were ruling in the region. During 10th century, 12th Nagvanshi king [[Bhim Karn]] shifted his capital to [[Khukhragarh]] after defeating [[Raksel dynasty|Raksel]] of [[Surguja district|Surguja]] when they invaded the region. Then Bhim Karn captured territory as far as Surguja and Palamu.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
=== Modern period ===&lt;br /&gt;
In 1585, During reign of Nagvanshi king [[Madhu Singh (king)|Madhu Singh]], the [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] invaded Khukhragarh, then Nagvanshi rulers became vassal of Mughals. Nagvanshi were independent during weak Mughal rule. After the [[Battle of Plassey]], the region comes under influence of [[East India Company]]. Chero and Nagvanshi ruler then became tributaries to East India company.&lt;br /&gt;
[[File:Nawratan gadh.jpg|thumb|[[Navratangarh|Navratangarh fort]]]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Bakhtar Say]] and [[Mundal Singh]], two landowners from [[Gumla district|Gumla]], fought against the British East India company in 1812 against tax imposition on farmers. British hanged them in [[Kolkata]].&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;timesofindia&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/Raghubar-honours-Simdega-patriots/articleshow/51869527.cms|title=Raghubar honours Simdega patriots|website=timesofindia|date=18 April 2016|access-date=28 November 2019}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The other princely states in Chota Nagpur Plateau, came within the [[sphere of influence]] of the [[Maratha Empire]], but they became tributary States of East India Company as a result of the [[Anglo-Maratha Wars]] known as [[Chota Nagpur Tributary States]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=http://www.southasiaarchive.com/Content/sarf.100009/231191|title = Gazetteer - Chota Nagpur Tributary States Gazetteer. Statistics, 1901-02 - South Asia Archive}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
[[Thakur Vishwanath Shahdeo]] and [[Pandey Ganpat Rai]] led rebels against British East India Company in [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857 rebellion]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.avenuemail.in/ranchi/cm-pays-tribute-thakur-vishwanath-sahdeo-birth-anniversary/111524/|title=cm pays tribute thakur vishwanath sahdeo birth anniversary|website=avenuemail|date=13 August 2017}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Tikait Umrao Singh]],  [[Sheikh Bhikhari]],  Nadir Ali, Jai Mangal Singh played pivotal role in Indian Rebellion of 1857.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=https://news.webindia123.com/news/articles/India/20160108/2765171.html|title=JPCC remembers freedom fighters Tikait Umrao Singh, Sheikh Bhikari|website=webindia123|date=8 January 2016}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
After the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], the [[Company rule in India|rule]] of the British [[East India Company]] was transferred to the Crown in the person of [[Queen Victoria]].&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|last=Kaul|first=Chandrika|title=From Empire to Independence: The British Raj in India 1858–1947|url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/history/british/modern/independence1947_01.shtml|access-date=22 November 2018}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
After Indian independence in 1947, the rulers of the states chose to accede to the [[Dominion of India]]. [[Changbhakar]], [[Jashpur State|Jashpur]], [[Korea State|Koriya]], [[Surguja State|Surguja]] and [[Udaipur State, Chhattisgarh|Udaipur]] later became part of [[Madhya Pradesh]] state, but [[Gangpur State|Gangpur]] and [[Bonai]] became part of [[Orissa, India|Orissa]] state, and [[Kharsawan State|Kharsawan]] and [[Saraikela State|Saraikela]] part of [[Bihar]] state.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;Eastern States Agency. List of ruling chiefs &amp;amp; leading personages Delhi: &amp;#039;&amp;#039;Agent to Governor-General, Eastern States,&amp;#039;&amp;#039; 1936&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Region under Kings of [[Nagvanshi dynasty|Nagvansh]] and [[Ramgarh Raj|Ramgarh]] became parts of Bihar state. In November 2000, the new states of [[Chhattisgarh]] and [[Jharkhand]] separated from Madhya Pradesh and Bihar, respectively.&lt;br /&gt;
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== Communities ==&lt;br /&gt;
Various communities in Chota Nagpur Plateau traditionally speak the Nagpuri language, including the [[Ahir]], Binjhia, Bhogta, [[Chik Baraik]], Ghasi, Jhora, [[Kudumi Mahato|Kudmi]], [[Kurmi]], [[Kewat]], [[Kharwar]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W5dVaq4_cLoC&amp;amp;pg=PA119|title=Encyclopaedia of Scheduled Tribes in Jharkhand|isbn=9788178351216|last1=Minz|first1=Diwakar|last2=Hansda|first2=Delo Mai|year=2010}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Kumhar]], [[Lohar|Lohra]], [[Mahli tribe|Mahli]], [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi]], [[Rautia]],&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal &amp;amp; Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; [[Teli]] and Turi among others.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=https://slideplayer.com/slide/4455653/|title=1 Paper for 3 rd SCONLI 2008 (JNU, New Delhi) Comparative study of Nagpuri Spoken by Chik-Baraik &amp;amp; Oraon&amp;#039;s of Jharkhand Sunil Baraik Senior Research Fellow.|website=slideplayer.com}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
==Language==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Main|Sadri language}}&lt;br /&gt;
Nagpuri language/dialect is native to western and central Chota Nagpur plateau region. It is spoken by around 12 million people, 5 million as native language and 7 million as second language. &lt;br /&gt;
Nagpuri belongs to [[Bihari languages|Bihari]] group of [[Indo-Aryan languages]].&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;auto&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite web|url=https://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=31537|title=Review of Bronkhorst, Johannes, Greater Magadha: Studies in the Culture of Early India|first=Alexander|last=Wynne|date=1 July 2011|website=H-net.org|access-date=8 September 2018}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KnPoYxrRfc0C&amp;amp;pg=PA4387|title=Encyclopaedia of Indian Literature: Sasay to Zorgot|isbn=9788126012213|last1=Lal|first1=Mohan|year=1992}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  According to professor Keshri Kumar Singh, Nagpuri is descendant of  [[Magadhi Prakrit]]. According to Dr. Sravan Kumar Goswami, Nagpuri had evolved from [[Ardhamagadhi Prakrit]].&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Samanya Gyan&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kFmxDwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA195|title=Jharkhand Samanya Gyan|isbn=9789351867982|last1=Ranjan|first1=Manish|date=19 August 2002}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Its literary tradition started around the 17th century.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;[[Paul Brass|Brass Paul R.]], &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Politics of India Since Independence&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, Cambridge University Press, pp. 183&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi]] king [[Raghunath Shah]] and King of [[Ramgarh Raj|Ramgarh]], [[Dalel Singh (king)|Dalel Singh]] were poet.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=https://m.telegraphindia.com/states/jharkhand/giant-new-chapter-for-nagpuri-poetry/cid/362632|title=giant new chapter for nagpuri poetry|website=telegraphindia|date=5 November 2012}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;  Hanuman Singh, Jaigovind Mishra, Barju Ram, [[Ghasiram Mahli]] and Das Mahli were prominent peot.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/news/nagpuri-cinema/nagpuri-artist-singer-mahavir-nayak-nagpuri-raga-ragini-preserving/1325460.html|title=नागपुरी राग-रागिनियों को संरक्षित कर रहे महावीर नायक|website=prabhatkhabar|date=4 September 2019|access-date=17 September 2019}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1TCcDAAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA244|title=Jharkhand Samanya Gyan|isbn=9789351866848|last1=Ranjan|first1=Manish|date=January 2016}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
== Culture ==&lt;br /&gt;
===Music and dance===&lt;br /&gt;
The Nagpuri people have their own styles of dance.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Colours of culture&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{cite news |url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2017/state-editions/colours-of-culture-blossom-at-nagpuri-dance-workshop.html |work=The Daily Pioneer |title=Colours of culture blossom at Nagpuri dance workshop |date=1 June 2017 |first=Arya |last=Sharan |access-date=9 October 2018}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Some Nagpuri folk dances are {{transl|sck|[[jhumair]]}}, {{transl|sck|[[Mardani Jhumair|mardani jhumair]]}}, {{transl|sck|janani jhumair}}, {{transl|sck|[[domkach]]}}, {{transl|sck|[[lahasua]]}}, {{transl|sck|angnai}}, {{transl|sck|faguwa}}, {{transl|sck|sanjhi}}, {{transl|sck|adhratiya}}, {{transl|sck|bhinsariya}}, {{transl|sck|and painki}}.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;democratic world&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=http://democraticworld.in/component/k2/item/603-out-of-the-dark|title=Out of the Dark|website=democratic world|date=7 June 2014}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; Painki is ceremonial martial folk dance performed in marriage and functions.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bhaskar&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/gumla/news/go-on-the-trail-as-told-by-saqar-mundal-singh-062023-4307550.html|title=बख्तर साय मुंडल सिंह के बताए राह पर चलें|website=bhaskar|access-date=5 December 2019}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
The musical instruments used in folk music and dance include [[dhol]], [[Madal|mandar]], [[Bansuri|bansi]], [[Naqareh|nagara]], [[Dhak (instrument)|dhak]], [[shehnai]], [[khartal]], and narsinga.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;democratic world&amp;quot;/&amp;gt; [[Akhara|Akhra]] is important part of Nagpuri culture which is village ground where people dance.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;dailypioneer.com&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2018/state-editions/talk-on-nagpuri-folk-music-at-ignca.html|title=talk on nagpuri folk music at ignca|website=daily Pioneer|date=7 November 2018}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Festival===&lt;br /&gt;
[[Karam (festival)|Karam]] and [[Jivitputrika|Jitia]] are major festival celebrated among Nagpuri people.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;dailypioneer.com&amp;quot;/&amp;gt; Other major festivals are Asari, Nawakhani, [[Sohrai]]/[[Bandna]], and [[Holi|Fagun]]. [[Sacred grove]] called Gram Than or [[Sarna sthal|Sarna]] is a place where village deity resides according to traditional belief, the offering to Gaon Khut/Gram Deoti takes place twice a year before sowing of seeds and harvesting crops  for good harvest.&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;br /&gt;
===Religion===&lt;br /&gt;
The deities reverence in Nagpuri tradition are Surjahi (Sun), Chand (Moon). Other deities are [[Gramadevata|Gram Deoti]] (village deity), Bar Pahari (hill deity) and Gaurea (cattle deity) etc. The people worship these deities at home themselves during festivals. In home, rituals performed by head of family and in community festival the rituals performed by village priest  &amp;quot;Pahan&amp;quot; and his assistant &amp;quot;Pujar&amp;quot;.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;chikbaraik.org&amp;quot;/&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=W5dVaq4_cLoC&amp;amp;pg=PA67|title=Chik Baraik|isbn=9788178351216|access-date=27 August 2019|last1=Minz|first1=Diwakar|last2=Hansda|first2=Delo Mai|year=2010}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;bhaskar&amp;quot;/&amp;gt; The Nagpuri religious tradition is based on local [[Folk religion|folk tradition]] and is non-vedic [[Indo-Aryan peoples|Indo-Aryan]] tradition which was prevailed in middle Gangetic plain before migration of [[List of Rigvedic tribes|Vedic Aryan]] into the region.  According to June McDaniel, folk hinduism is based on local traditions and cults of local [[deities]] and is the oldest, non-literate system. It is pre-vedic tradition extending back to prehistoric times, or before  written of Vedas.&amp;lt;ref name=junemcdaniel6&amp;gt;June McDaniel &amp;quot;Hinduism&amp;quot;, in John Corrigan, &amp;#039;&amp;#039;The Oxford Handbook of Religion and Emotion&amp;#039;&amp;#039;, (2007) Oxford University Press, 544 pages, pp. 52–53 {{ISBN|0-19-517021-0}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; &lt;br /&gt;
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According to ancient texts during [[Vedic period]], [[Historical Vedic religion|Vedic religion]] was centred around North-Western Indian subcontinent particularly [[Kuru Kingdom|Kuru]] and [[Panchala]] Mahajanpada. Several tribes who were living in border of Brahmanical India including Magadha, [[Madra Kingdom|Madra]], [[Salva (India)|Salva]], [[Kikata Kingdom|Kikata]], [[Nishadas]] and [[Shakya]], the clan of [[Gautama Buddha]] were following non-vedic culture.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;Levman2013&amp;quot;&amp;gt;Levman, Bryan Geoffrey (2013). [https://journals.equinoxpub.com/BSR/article/view/17899/pdf &amp;quot;Cultural Remnants of the Indigenous Peoples in the Buddhist Scriptures&amp;quot;], Buddhist Studies Review 30 (2), 145-180. ISSN (online) 1747-9681.&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt; The influence of Vedic religion reached in these region after arrival of [[Brahmin]] perhaps   during post [[Maurya Empire|Mauryan period]]. The [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi]] rulers constructed several temples during their reign and invited Brahmin from different parts of the country for priestly duty.&amp;lt;ref&amp;gt;{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kFmxDwAAQBAJ&amp;amp;pg=PA12|title=Jharkhand Samanya Gyan|isbn=9789351867982|access-date=22 December 2019|last1=Ranjan|first1=Manish|date=19 August 2002}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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===Marriage tradition===&lt;br /&gt;
Nagpuri marriage is unique.  Prior to marriage, the boy’s relatives go to girl’s home to see and negotiate for marriage and token amount (bride price) is paid by the boy’s family to the girl’s family as part of the marriage expenses called damgani.&lt;br /&gt;
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The process of marriage starts with giving of [[Sari]] by boy&amp;#039;s family to girl&amp;#039;s family. Damgani, panbandhi, matikoran (worship of [[gramadevata]]), madwa and dalhardi, nahchhur, amba biha, panikotan, baraat, pairghani, [[sindoor]] dan (Vermilion giving), harin marek (hunting deer), chuman (giving gifts),  etc are the activities and rituals of marriage accompanied by music of [[Naqareh|Nagara]], [[Dhak (instrument)|Dhak]] and [[Shehnai]] played by traditionally musicians of Ghasi community. There are different songs for different marriage rituals. [[Domkach]], Pairghani (welcome ceremony) dance performed during marriage. Wedding performed by &amp;#039;&amp;#039;thakur/[[Nai (caste)|Nai]] (barber)&amp;#039;&amp;#039; and the village priest called &amp;#039;&amp;#039;pahan&amp;#039;&amp;#039; in matikoran. Traditionally nagpuri wedding conducted without a Brahmin priest.&amp;lt;ref name=&amp;quot;chikbaraik.org&amp;quot;&amp;gt;{{Cite web|url=http://chikbaraik.org/culture.html|title=Culture and Tradition of Chik Baraik Community|website=chikbaraik.org}}&amp;lt;/ref&amp;gt;&lt;br /&gt;
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== Notable people ==&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Jay Prakash Singh Bhogta]], M.L.A from Chatra&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Satyanand Bhogta]], Former Agriculture minister of Jharkhand&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ram Tahal Choudhary]], former Member of Parliament&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ganesh Ganjhu]], M.L.A from Simaria&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Deepika Kumari]], International Archer&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ghasiram Mahli]], Poet&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mukund Nayak]], folk artist&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nandlal Nayak]], Music composer&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Nikki Pradhan]], Field hockey player&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Pushpa Pradhan]], Field hockey player&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Vimla Pradhan]], Former Social welfare and tourism minister of Jharkhand&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Dhiraj Prasad Sahu]], MP of Rajya sabha&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Shiv Prasad Sahu]], former Member of Parliament&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Bakhtar Say]], freedom fighter&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Raghunath Shah]], Nagvanshi king and poet&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Ani Nath Shahdeo]], King of Barkagarh&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Gopal Sharan Nath Shahdeo]], Prince and former M.L.A from Hatia&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lal Chintamani Sharan Nath Shahdeo]], Last Nagvanshi king&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lal Pingley Nath Shahdeo]], Jurist and Political activist&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lal Ranvijay Nath Shahdeo]], Lawyer, writer, poet and political activist&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Lal Vijay Shahdeo]], director&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Vishwanath Shahdeo]], Freedom fighter in 1857 rebellion&lt;br /&gt;
*[[Mundal Singh]], freedom fighter&lt;br /&gt;
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== References ==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Reflist}}&lt;br /&gt;
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==External links==&lt;br /&gt;
{{Commons category|Nagpuri people}}&lt;br /&gt;
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{{authority control}}&lt;br /&gt;
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[[Category:Indo-Aryan peoples]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Ethnic groups in India]]&lt;br /&gt;
[[Category:Ethnic groups in Jharkhand]]&lt;/div&gt;</summary>
		<author><name>-&gt;Dev0745</name></author>
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