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'''Nagpuri literature''' refers to literature in the [[Nagpuri language]], the language of [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]] and [[Odisha]]. The earliest literature started in the nagpuri language when the [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi]] king and king of [[Ramgarh Raj]] started writing poetry in the 17th century. Since then, various literature has been written.<ref name="auto1">{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/giant-new-chapter-for-nagpuri-poetry/cid/362632|title=Giant new chapter for Nagpuri poetry|website=telegraphindia|date=5 November 2012|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref> Although in the present century, Nagpuri was never considered worthy of literary development. But some dedicated writers have engaged in writing short stories, plays and poetry.<ref name="research gate 2020">{{Cite web|url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/342833425|title=JOURNAL OF CRITICAL REVIEWS A Study of the Special Features of Nagpuri Language of Jharkhand|publisher=research gate|date=July 2020|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref>

==History==
===Early modern period===
According to findings of manuscripts, literary works in the Nagpuri language started in the reign of [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi]] and [[Ramgarh Raj]]. Only the identity of King [[Raghunath Shah]] and King of Ramgarh, [[Dalel Singh (king)|Dalel Singh]], have established who were king in the 17th century. They were writing poetry. These literature are in [[Devnagari]] and [[Kaithi script]].<ref name="auto1"/><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2014/state-editions/bid-to-save-language-treasure-by-dr-keshri.html|title=Bid to save language treasure by Dr Keshri|website=dailypioneer|date=30 March 2014|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref>

===Late modern period===
Some poets of the late modern period were Hanuman Singh, Jaigovind Mishra, Barju Ram Pathak, [[Ghasi Ram Mahli]], Das Mahli, Mahant Ghasi and Kanchan. There were also great writers like Pradumn Das and Rudra Singh.<ref name="Jharkhand Samanya Gyan 2016">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1TCcDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA244|title=Jharkhand Samanya Gyan 2016|isbn=9789351866848|last1=Ranjan|first1=Manish|date=January 2016|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.prabhatkhabar.com/news/nagpuri-cinema/nagpuri-artist-singer-mahavir-nayak-nagpuri-raga-ragini-preserving/1325460.html|title=नागपुरी राग-रागिनियों को संरक्षित कर रहे महावीर नायक|website=prabhatkhabar|date=24 September 2022|access-date=17 September 2019}}</ref>

*Hanuman Singh and Barju Ram Pathak were poets in 19th century. Hanuman Singh was 40 years older than Barjuram. Barju Ram Pathak was caretaker of Mahamaya temple of Hapamuni village in Gumla district which was constructed by king [[Gajghat Rai]] in 9th century. His wife and children were killed by tribal insurgent in [[Kol rebellion]] between 1831 and 1833. They also demolished Mayamaya temple. The poetry of Hanuman Singh and Barjuram Pathak reflect Vaishnav and Shivaism tradition such as poetry on Lord Ram, Krishna and Shiva.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya">{{Cite web|url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.322091/2015.322091.Nagpuri-Sisth_djvu.txt|title=Nagpuri Shist Sahitya|access-date=24 September 2022}}</ref>
*"Nagvanshavali" (1876), genealogy of [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur]] written by Beniram Mahta is a historical work in nagpuri.<ref name="Jharkhand Samanya Gyan 2016"/>
*[[Ghasi Ram Mahli]] was a prominent poet who has written "Nagvanashavali", "Durgasaptasati", "Barahamasa", "Vivha Parichhan" etc.<ref name="Jharkhand Samanya Gyan 2016"/>
*Drugpal Deogharia wrote ''Nal Damayanti Charit'', ''Mahaprabhu Basudev Charit''.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/>
*Mahlidas wrote ''Sudama Charit''.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/>
*Jaigovind Mishra wrote ''Lanka Kand''.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/>
*Jagnivas Narayan Tiwari wrote ''Ras Tarangini'' which is unpublished which contain 600 songs.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/>
* Dhaniram Bakshi was singer and writer. He published his books as well as several other writers and helped in preservation many works from going extinct.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/>
*The writing of prose in nagpuri language was started by Christian missionaries. Missionary Peter Shanti Naurangi was prominent among them.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/>
*E.H.Whitley wrote ''Notes on the Ganwari dialect of Lohardaga, Chhota Nagpur'' in 1896, which is considered the start of writing prose in nagpuri language.<ref name="Prabhat Prakashan Hindi">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=u8NAEAAAQBAJ&pg=PA215|title=JPSC Mains Paper-III History and Geography (Hindi): Dr. Manish Ranjan (IAS)|isbn=978-9390906833|author=Dr. Manish Ranjan|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan|date=2021}}</ref>

===Contemporary period===
Some writer in contemporary period are [[Praful Kumar Rai]], [[Sahani Upendra Pal Singh]], [[:hi:शिवअवतार_चौधरी|Shiv Avtar Choudhary]], [[Lal Ranvijay Nath Shahdeo]], [[Bisheshwar Prasad Keshari]], [[Girdhari Ram Gonjhu]], [[Bhuneshwar Anuj]] and [[Shakuntala Mishra]].<ref name="Samanya Gyan">{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=kFmxDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA195|title=Jharkhand Samanya Gyan|isbn=9789351867982|last1=Ranjan|first1=Manish|date=19 August 2002|publisher=Prabhat Prakashan }}</ref>

*Baldev Prasad Sahu written ''Lav Kush Charit'' poetry.<ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/><ref name="laharnews">{{cite news|url=https://laharnews.com/?p=7370|title=प्रफुल्ल कुमार राय की जयंती पर वक्ताओं ने कहा- संस्कृति की रक्षा के लिए मातृभाषा को सम्मान देना जरुरी|website=laharnews|date=February 2022|access-date=6 October 2022|language=Hindi}}</ref>

Nagpuri taught in [[Ranchi University]] and other Universities of Jharkhand since 1980s. The study in regional and tribal languages in Ranchi University was started by Bishweswar Pradesh Keshri and [[Ram Dayal Munda]] during 1980s.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/RU-gold-medallist-to-promote-Nagpuri-lang/articleshow/50666891.cms|title=RU gold medallist to promote Nagpuri lang|website=timesofindia|date=21 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.telegraphindia.com/jharkhand/nagpuri-call-for-culture/cid/562024|title=Nagpuri call for culture|website=telegraphindia|date=25 July 2008}}</ref> Although Nagpuri was never considered worthy of literatary development, in present time a small but dedicated writers have engaged in writing short stories, plays and poetry.<ref name="research gate 2020"/>

==Author and work==
There are around 645 known nagpuri poets and writers whose manuscripts and books have been available since the 17th century.<ref name="auto1"/>
Works of some poets and writers in the nagpuri language are as follows:<ref name="Prabhat Prakashan Hindi"/><ref name="Nagpuri Shist Sahitya"/>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Author !! Works
|-
| [[Raghunath Shah]] || first known poet in nagpuri language, mostly composed devotional poetry
|-
| Beniram Mehta || Nagvanshavali (1876)
|-
| [[Ghasi Ram Mahli]] || Nagpuri Fag Satak, Lalana Ranjana, Durga Saptasati, Nagvanshavali Jhumar
|-
| Kanchan || Sudama Charitra, Krishna Charitra, Mahabharat, Lanka Kand, Usha Haran
|-
| Drugpal Ram Deogharia || Nal Charita, Korambe Upakhyan
|-
| E.H Whitley || Notes on Ganwari dialects of Lohardaga, Chotanagpur (grammar), 1896
|-
| Konrad Bookout|| Grammar of the Nagpuria Sadani language
|-
| Ramtahal Ram || Geet Nagpuria Jhumar (1945)
|-
| Dhaniram Bakshi || Jitiya Kahani, Fogli budhia kar Kahani, Narad Moh Lila, Karam Mahatmay, Sri Krishna Charit, Domkach geet (1957)
|-
| Baraik Mahadev Singh || Desi Jhumar
|-
| [[Praful Kumar Rai]] || Son Jhair (collection of stories), Barkha, Barkha Bund, Nagpuri Kavi, Awsar ni mile bujhu, Kilkila
|-
| [[Bisheshwar Prasad Keshari]] || Nerua Lota urf Sanskritit Abdharna (nibandh), Thakur Vishwanath Sahi, Kanti
|-
| [[Bhuneshwar Anuj]] || Nagpuri Lok Sahitya
|-
| [[Sahani Upendra Pal Singh]]|| Mewar Keshri, Amba Manjar, Ulahana
|-
|[[Shravan Kumar Goswami]]|| Nagpuri Vyakran, Seva aur Nokri, Teteir Kar Chhaon, Du Dair Bis Phool
|-
| [[Girdhari Ram Gonjhu]] || Mahabali Radhe Kar Balidan, Akhra Nindaye Gelak
|-
| Naimuddin Mirdaha || Menjur Painkh
|-
| Baraik Iswari Prasad Singh || Kaka kar Kahani
|-
| Kali Kumar Suman || Khukhri Rugda
|-
| [[Shakuntala Mishra]] || Nagpuri Sadani Vyakaran, Sadani Nagpuri-Hindi Sabdkosh, Sato Nadi Par
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Indian literature]]
[[Category:Literature by language]]
[[Category:Indian literature by language]]
[[Category:Nagpuri language]]
[[Category:Nagpuri culture]]

Nagpuri literature - Revision history

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