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	*{{cite book \|last= Various\|title= Encyclopaedia of Indian literature - vol 2\|year=1988\|publisher= Sahitya Akademi\|isbn=81-260-1194-7}}		*{{cite book \|last= Various\|title= Encyclopaedia of Indian literature - vol 2\|year=1988\|publisher= Sahitya Akademi\|isbn=81-260-1194-7}}

	~~==External links==~~		{{Authority control}}
	*[http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/fr/2005/04/15/stories/2005041503420300.htm Poetry from the courtyard]

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	{{DEFAULTSORT:Nagavarma 01}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Nagavarma 01}}
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	[[Category:10th-century Indian Jain poets]]		[[Category:10th-century Indian Jain poets]]
	[[Category:Indian male poets]]		[[Category:Indian male poets]]
			[[Category:950 births]]
			[[Category:1015 deaths]]

imported>Marcocapelle: /* External links */removed grandparent category of Category:10th-century Indian Jain poets

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External links: removed grandparent category of Category:10th-century Indian Jain poets

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{{use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Nāgavarma I
| birth_date = 950 CE <ref name="lived">Bhat (1993), p. 106</ref>
| death_date = 1015 CE <ref name="lived">Bhat (1993), p. 106</ref>
| occupation = Kannada poet, writer, and grammarian
| notable_works = ''Chandōmbudhi'', ''Karnātaka Kādambari''
}}
'''Nāgavarma I''' (c. 990) was a noted [[Jain]] writer and poet in the [[Kannada language]] in the late 10th century. His two important works, both of which are extant, are ''Karnātaka Kādambari'', a ''[[champu]]'' (mixed prose-verse [[metre (poetry)|metre]]) based romance novel and an adaptation of [[Bāṇabhaṭṭa|Bana]]'s Sanskrit ''Kādambari'', and ''Chandōmbudhi'' (also spelt ''Chhandombudhi'', ''lit'', "Ocean of prosody" or "Ocean of metres"), the earliest available work on [[Kannada]] [[prosody (poetry)|prosody]] which Nāgavarma I claims would command the respect even of poet [[Kalidasa]].<ref name="chan">Shastri (1955), p. 357</ref><ref name="prosody">Narasimhacharya (1988), p. 18</ref><ref name="cosmo"/> According to the scholars K.A. Nilakanta Shastri and R. Narasimhacharya, Nāgavarma I belonged to a migrant [[Brahmin]] family originally from [[Vengi]] (in modern [[Andhra Pradesh]]).<ref name="migrant">Narasimacharya (1988), p. 27; Shastri (1955), p. 357</ref> According to the modern Kannada poet and scholar [[Govinda Pai]], Nāgavarma I lived from 950 CE to 1015 CE.<ref name="lived">Bhat (1993), p. 106</ref> So popular was Nāgavarma I's poetic skills that King [[Bhoja]] of [[Malwa]] ([[central India]]) presented him with horses, in appreciation of his poetic skills.<ref name="horses">Narasimhacharya (1988), p. 68</ref>

==Writings==
Nāgavarma I was patronised by King Rakkasa Ganga (also called Rachamalla V, 986–999 CE) of the [[Western Ganga Dynasty]]. According to the scholar Sheldon Pollock, he is the first among as many as five Nāgavarmas' who wrote noted classics in the Kannada language over the succeeding few centuries.<ref name="ganga">Pollock (2006), p. 369</ref> Nāgavarma I became popular during the classical age of [[Kannada literature]]. During this period (9th through 12th century), classics in Kannada language were usually inspired by the great [[Sanskrit language]] epics of India, or were didactic in nature and were derived from Jain lore and legend. Writing on themes that were ''Loukika'' (secular and historical) and ''Agamika'' (religious and legendary) was popular.<ref name="lou">Mugali (2006), p. 179</ref>

His ''Karnataka Kadambari'' is not considered a direct translation of the Sanskrit original. Written in a smooth flowing language, it has an originality of its own.<ref name="flow">Sahitya Akademi (1987), p. 620</ref> ''Chandombudhi'', the earliest work on the science of [[Prosody (poetry)|prosody]] (''Chandonusasana'') is important from the point of establishing a relationship between native (''desi'') folk metrical forms of Kannada and the dominant Sanskritic literary culture that had descended on [[medieval]] [[Karnataka]]. It was written at a time when the Sanskrit textual production had won mainstream (''margam'') appeal and its scholars were held in high esteem. The text also conveys that popularity of a Kannada writing was based on the types of native compositions used. The text overall tries to reconcile local literary traditions with the mainstream Sanskrit cosmopolitan.<ref name="cosmo">Nagaraj (2003), p. 339</ref>

Nāgavarma I devoted an entire section of the ''Chandombudhi'' to native Kannada metres and called it ''Kannadavisayajati''.<ref name="vogue"/> He mentions the native ''shatpadi'' (six-line verse) metre, more than two centuries before it was hugely popularised by the [[Hoysala]] poet [[Raghavanka]] in the 1225 CE.<ref name="ragha">Sahitya Akademi (1988), p. 1181</ref> He also dwells at length on metres that were common to Sanskrit and Kannada and calls the section ''samavrtta'', metres (''vrtta'') inherited from Sanskrit and very much in vogue among the classical poets of Kannada language.<ref name="vogue">Nagaraj (2003), p. 340</ref> According to Nāgavarma I, some native metrical forms such as the ''ragale'' and ''dandaka'' that were later to become popular in Kannada have similarities with [[Prakrit]] language metres.<ref name="vogue"/>

==Notes==
{{Reflist|2}}

==References==
*{{cite book |last=Sastri|first= Nilakanta K. A.|title= A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar|orig-year=1955|year=2002|publisher= Indian Branch, Oxford University Press|location= New Delhi|isbn= 0-19-560686-8}}
*{{cite book |last= Mugali|first= R.S.|title=The Heritage of Karnataka |orig-year=2006|year=2006|publisher= Lightning Source Inc|isbn=1-4067-0232-3}}
*{{cite book |last = Pollock | first = Sheldon | author-link = Sheldon Pollock | title = The Language of Gods in the World of Men: Sanskrit, Culture and Power in Pre-modern India | year = 2006 | publisher = Berkeley and London: University of California Press. Pp. 703 | isbn = 0-520-24500-8 | url = https://books.google.com/books?id=0UCh7r2TjQIC}}
*{{cite book |last= Bhat|first=M. Thirumaleshwara |title= Govinda Pai |year=1993|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=81-7201-540-2}}
*{{cite book |last= Narasimhacharya|first= R|title= History of Kannada Literature|url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.489059|orig-year=1934|year=1988|publisher= Government Press. Reprinted by Asian Educational Services, New Delhi|location= Mysore|isbn= 81-206-0303-6}}
*{{cite book |last=Nagaraj |first=D.R.|editor=Sheldon I. Pollock|title=Literary Cultures in History: Reconstructions from South Asia |orig-year=2003|year=2003|publisher=Berkeley and London: University of California Press. Pp. 1066|chapter=Critical Tensions in the History of Kannada Literary Culture|chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xowUxYhv0QgC&q=critical+tensions+in+history+kannada+literary+culture&pg=PA323| pages= 323–383|isbn=0-520-22821-9}}
*{{cite book |last= Various|title= Encyclopaedia of Indian literature - vol 1|year=1987|publisher= Sahitya Akademi|isbn=81-260-1803-8}}
*{{cite book |last= Various|title= Encyclopaedia of Indian literature - vol 2|year=1988|publisher= Sahitya Akademi|isbn=81-260-1194-7}}

==External links==
*[http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/fr/2005/04/15/stories/2005041503420300.htm Poetry from the courtyard]

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Nagavarma 01}}
[[Category:Poets from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Kannada poets]]
[[Category:10th-century Indian Jain poets]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]

Nagavarma I - Revision history

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imported>Marcocapelle: /* External links */removed grandparent category of Category:10th-century Indian Jain poets