Nagachandra - Revision history

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	{{Infobox person		{{Infobox person
	\| title = ''Abhinava Pampa''		\| title = ''Abhinava Pampa''
			\| image = Indian Republic Day celebration 217th flower show 2025, Lalbagh, Bangalore 73.jpg
			\| caption = Sculpture of the poet in [[Lal Bagh]], Bangalore, in January 2025
	\| birth_date = 11th century CE		\| birth_date = 11th century CE
	\| death_date = 12th century CE		\| death_date = 12th century CE
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	\| works = ''Mallinatha-Purana'', ''Rama-Chandra-Charita-Purana''		\| works = ''Mallinatha-Purana'', ''Rama-Chandra-Charita-Purana''
	}}		}}

	{{Kannada poets in Hoysala Empire}}		{{Kannada poets in Hoysala Empire}}
	{{Jainism}}		{{Jainism}}

	'''Nagachandra''' or '''Abhinava Pampa''' was a 12th-century poet in the [[Kannada language]].		'''Nagachandra''' or '''Abhinava Pampa''' was a 12th-century poet in the [[Kannada language]].

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	==Works==		==Works==
	He wrote his ''magnum opus'', a Jain version of the Hindu epic [[Ramayana]] called ''Ramachandra Charitapurana'' (or ''Pampa Ramayana'').{{sfn\|Upinder Singh\|2016\|p=29}} Written in the traditional ''champu'' metre and in the ''Pauma charia'' tradition of Vimalasuri, it is the earliest extant version of the epic in the Kannada language.<ref name="sins"/> The work contains 16 sections and deviates significantly from the original epic by [[Valmiki]]. Nagachandra represents King [[Ravana]], the villain of the Hindu epic, as a tragic hero, who in a moment of weakness commits the sin of abducting [[Sita]] (wife of the Hindu god Rama) but is eventually purified by her devotion to [[Rama]]. In a further deviation, Rama's loyal brother [[Lakshmana]] (instead of Rama) kills Ravana in the final battle.<ref name="sins">Sahitya Akademi (1988), p. 1180</ref> Eventually, Rama takes ''jaina-diksha'' (converts to ''[[Digambara monk]]''), becomes an ascetic and attains ''[[nirvana]]'' (enlightenment). Considered a complementary work to the ''Pampa Bharatha'' of [[Adikavi Pampa]] (941, a Jain version of the epic Mahabharata), the work earned Nagachandra the honorific "Abhinava Pampa" ("new Pampa").<ref name="nirvana">Sastri (1955), pp. 357–358</ref> Only in the Kannada language do Jain versions exist of the Hindu epics, the [[Mahabharata]] and Ramayana, in addition to their ~~Brahminical~~ version.<ref name="rama">Narasimhacharya (1988), p. 66</ref>		He wrote his ''magnum opus'', a Jain version of the Hindu epic [[Ramayana]] called ''Ramachandra Charitapurana'' (or ''Pampa Ramayana'').{{sfn\|Upinder Singh\|2016\|p=29}} Written in the traditional ''champu'' metre and in the ''Pauma charia'' tradition of Vimalasuri, it is the earliest extant version of the epic in the Kannada language.<ref name="sins"/> The work contains 16 sections and deviates significantly from the original epic by [[Valmiki]]. Nagachandra represents King [[Ravana]], the villain of the Hindu epic, as a tragic hero, who in a moment of weakness commits the sin of abducting [[Sita]] (wife of the Hindu god Rama) but is eventually purified by her devotion to [[Rama]]. In a further deviation, Rama's loyal brother [[Lakshmana]] (instead of Rama) kills Ravana in the final battle.<ref name="sins">Sahitya Akademi (1988), p. 1180</ref> Eventually, Rama takes ''jaina-diksha'' (converts to ''[[Digambara monk]]''), becomes an ascetic and attains ''[[nirvana]]'' (enlightenment). Considered a complementary work to the ''Pampa Bharatha'' of [[Adikavi Pampa]] (941, a Jain version of the epic Mahabharata), the work earned Nagachandra the honorific "Abhinava Pampa" ("new Pampa").<ref name="nirvana">Sastri (1955), pp. 357–358</ref> Only in the Kannada language do Jain versions exist of the Hindu epics, the [[Mahabharata]] and Ramayana, in addition to their Vedic version.<ref name="rama">Narasimhacharya (1988), p. 66</ref>

	==Notes==		==Notes==
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	[[Category:12th-century Indian Jain poets]]		[[Category:12th-century Indian Jain writers]]
			[[Category:12th-century Indian poets]]
			[[Category:12th-century Jain poets]]
			[[Category:Medieval Indian Jain poets]]
	[[Category:Indian male poets]]		[[Category:Indian male poets]]
	[[Category:People from Bijapur, Karnataka]]		[[Category:People from Bijapur, Karnataka]]
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	~~{{en-Wikipedia}}~~

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2021-06-02T23:24:44Z

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{{short description|12th century Kannada poet}}
{{use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
{{use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| title = ''Abhinava Pampa''
| birth_date = 11th century CE
| death_date = 12th century CE
| occupation = Poet
| works = ''Mallinatha-Purana'', ''Rama-Chandra-Charita-Purana''
}}
{{Kannada poets in Hoysala Empire}}
{{Jainism}}
'''Nagachandra''' or '''Abhinava Pampa''' was a 12th-century poet in the [[Kannada language]].

==Biography==
Nagachandra, a scholar and the builder of the Mallinatha Jinalaya (a Jain temple in honor of the 19th Jain [[tirthankar]], [[Māllīnātha]], in [[Bijapur, Karnataka]]), wrote ''Mallinathapurana'' (1105), an account of the evolution of the soul of the Jain saint. According to some historians, King [[Veera Ballala I]] was his patron.<ref name="ramachandra">Kamath (2001), p. 133</ref>

==Works==
He wrote his ''magnum opus'', a Jain version of the Hindu epic [[Ramayana]] called ''Ramachandra Charitapurana'' (or ''Pampa Ramayana'').{{sfn|Upinder Singh|2016|p=29}} Written in the traditional ''champu'' metre and in the ''Pauma charia'' tradition of Vimalasuri, it is the earliest extant version of the epic in the Kannada language.<ref name="sins"/> The work contains 16 sections and deviates significantly from the original epic by [[Valmiki]]. Nagachandra represents King [[Ravana]], the villain of the Hindu epic, as a tragic hero, who in a moment of weakness commits the sin of abducting [[Sita]] (wife of the Hindu god Rama) but is eventually purified by her devotion to [[Rama]]. In a further deviation, Rama's loyal brother [[Lakshmana]] (instead of Rama) kills Ravana in the final battle.<ref name="sins">Sahitya Akademi (1988), p. 1180</ref> Eventually, Rama takes ''jaina-diksha'' (converts to ''[[Digambara monk]]''), becomes an ascetic and attains ''[[nirvana]]'' (enlightenment). Considered a complementary work to the ''Pampa Bharatha'' of [[Adikavi Pampa]] (941, a Jain version of the epic Mahabharata), the work earned Nagachandra the honorific "Abhinava Pampa" ("new Pampa").<ref name="nirvana">Sastri (1955), pp. 357–358</ref> Only in the Kannada language do Jain versions exist of the Hindu epics, the [[Mahabharata]] and Ramayana, in addition to their Brahminical version.<ref name="rama">Narasimhacharya (1988), p. 66</ref>

==Notes==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
* {{citation |last=Singh |first=Upinder |author-link=Upinder Singh |title=A History of Ancient and Early Medieval India: From the Stone Age to the 12th Century |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Pq2iCwAAQBAJ |publisher=[[Pearson Education]] |date=2016 |isbn=978-93-325-6996-6 |ref={{sfnref|Upinder Singh|2016}} }}
*{{cite book |last= Narasimhacharya|first= Ramanujapuram|title= History of Kannada Literature|url= https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.489059|orig-year=1934|year=1988|publisher= Government Press. Reprinted by Asian Educational Services, New Delhi|location= Mysore|isbn= 81-206-0303-6}}
*{{cite book |last= Kamath|first= Suryanath U.|title= A concise history of Karnataka : from pre-historic times to the present|orig-year=1980|year= 2001|publisher= Jupiter books|location= Bangalore|oclc= 7796041 |lccn= 80905179}}
*{{cite book |last= Sastri|first= K.A. Nilakanta|title= A history of South India from prehistoric times to the fall of Vijayanagar|orig-year=1955|year=2002|publisher= Indian Branch, Oxford University Press|location= New Delhi|isbn= 0-19-560686-8}}
*{{cite book |last= Various|editor=Amaresh Datta|title= Encyclopaedia of Indian literature – vol 2|orig-year=1988|year=1988|publisher= Sahitya Akademi|isbn=81-260-1194-7}}
{{Jainism topics}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:12th-century Indian Jain poets]]
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:People from Bijapur, Karnataka]]
[[Category:Poets from Karnataka]]

{{Jainism-stub}}
{{India-poet-stub}}