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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=May 2022}}
{{multiple issues|{{notability|Music|date=March 2017}}
{{original research|date=March 2017}}
{{unreliable sources|date=March 2017}}}}
[[File:Nagphani.jpg|thumb|A nagphani]]
The '''musical instruments of Rajasthan''' include:<ref name=a>{{cite web|url=http://www.rajasthantravelguide.com/rajasthan-tourism/music-dance.html|title=Rajasthan Music & Dance, Rajasthan Musical Instruments, Rajasthan Travel Guide|author=Cyberpark Team|work=rajasthantravelguide.com|access-date=2015-01-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140811174504/http://www.rajasthantravelguide.com/rajasthan-tourism/music-dance.html|archive-date=2014-08-11|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name=b>{{cite web|url=http://www.rajtourism.com/html/raj_tour/instuments.htm|title=instruments - rajasthan|work=rajtourism.com}}</ref> [[ravanahatha]], kamayacha, [[Sarangi|Sindhi sarangi]], [[Morsing|morchang]], [[algoze]], [[Mashak|bin]], nagphani,<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nagphani {{!}} Nepal or India |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/500781 |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art |language=en}}</ref> [[Bankia (instrument)|bankia]], tarpi, chautara, [[ghara]], jantar, [[Chikara (instrument)|chikara]], [[ektara]], [[Bansuri|murali]], [[Pungi|murli]], gujari sarangi,<ref>{{Citation |title=RAJASTHANI FOLK MUSICAL INSTRUMENT - GUJARI or SARANGI | date=29 June 2012 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9t9LanZ_CRA |access-date=2024-03-19 |language=en}}</ref> deru, bapang, bhapang and [[khartal]].

==List of Rajasthani musical instruments==
===Algoza===
[[Alghoza]], also known as Algoza is a traditional double-flute woodwind instrument prominent in the folk music of Sindhi, Kutchi, Saraiki, Punjabi, Rajasthani, and Baloch cultures. It consists of two beak flutes—one producing the melody and the other providing a continuous drone. These flutes are either bound together or held side by side while playing. The instrument requires a constant stream of air, as both flutes are blown simultaneously to create a rhythmic and melodic soundscape.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2022-08-13 |title=Punjab: Witness of partition, Algoza exponent Chuhar Khan, having faced abject penury, laid to rest |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/chandigarh/punjab-witness-of-partition-algoza-exponent-chuhar-khan-having-faced-abject-penury-laid-to-rest/articleshow/93546501.cms |access-date=2025-04-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

===Bin===
Bin is the [[Rajasthani languages|Rajasthani]] word for [[mashak]], which means bagpipes in Hindi. They are a type of bagpipe native to Rajasthan, and are similar to the [[Alghoza|algoza]]. Its name also means water bag, as the bag was originally used to carry water. The bin is also heavily used in Kumaon, Garhwal, and parts of [[Uttar Pradesh]].<ref>{{Cite AV media |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hSFJsZyrOsM |title=Shyopat Julia {{!}} The Tale of a Rajasthani Bagpiper {{!}} Mashak {{!}} I Believe Art Matters: Folk Edition |date=2022-08-26 |last=Teamwork Arts |access-date=2024-08-09 |via=YouTube}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Mashak |url=https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/mashak/agHvyMPWnbm32g |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=Google Arts & Culture |language=en}}</ref>

===Bhapang===
Bhapang is an instrument that looks like a drum, but uses string. They are made from gourd shells, and use a flexible cloth to cover the gourd, like goat skin. Then strings hang from the skin and are tied at the middle of the 2 shells. A bamboo stick is then used to produce pitches.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Bhapang The Musical Instrument |url=https://aathun.com/instruments/bhapang-the-musical-instrument/ |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=आथुन {{!}} Aathun |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=The bhapang - a variable tension string instrument from Rajasthan | date=8 November 2011 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NxsUjW1ku2c |access-date=2024-03-19 |language=en}}</ref>

===Chautara===
[[File:Chautara 01.jpg|thumb|An image of a decorated chautara along with a human figure.]]
The Chautara, as shown from its name, has four strings and is similar to the tanpura in its use. It is made of light wood and used as an accompaniment in singing.

===Deru===
A corn hand percussion instrument that is like the bhapang. The drum is made from mango wood, and the drum's sides have skin covering them. Strings are attached, and the player uses these to change pitch.<ref>{{Citation |title=RAJASTHANI FOLK MUSICAL INSTRUMENT - DERU | date=19 September 2010 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LHzEHowMC7E |access-date=2024-03-19 |language=en}}</ref>

===Jantar===
A type of [[veena]], with 2 resonators. These resonators are made of gourd or wood. The rest of the jantar uses wood, steel, and horsehair, traditionally. It is considered an early form of veena, and is closest to the Rudra veena and Saraswati veena.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Jantar The Musical Instrument |url=https://aathun.com/instruments/jantar-the-musical-instrument/ |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=आथुन {{!}} Aathun |language=en-US}}</ref>

===Kamayacha===
The seventeen-string [[Kamancheh|kamayacha]], or khamaycha, is a string instrument constructed out of a piece of [[mango]] wood, featuring a round resonator covered in [[goat]] leather. It is also related to the [[sarangi]] and chikara, but has its own unique sound.<ref>{{Cite news |title=Rajasthani Manganiars to play 700-year-old instrument Kamaycha at Goa music fest |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/goa/rajasthani-manganiars-to-play-700-year-old-instrument-kamaycha-at-monte-music-fest/articleshow/117466387.cms |access-date=2025-04-20 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>
[[File:Sound of desert.jpg|thumb|The man on the left is playing the sarangi. The man on the right is playing the kamayacha.]]
Three of its strings are made of goat [[intestine]], while the other fourteen are made of steel.<ref>{{cite web
|title=Tribes of Rajasthan
|url=https://saxonianfolkways.wordpress.com/tag/tribes-of-rajasthan/
|website=A World’s Heritage Of Native Music
|accessdate=2025-04-21
|author=RAM Chandrakausika
|date=2013-06-03}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=https://aathun.com/kamayacha-the-musical-instrument/
|title=Kamayacha: The Musical Instrument
|website=Aathun
|access-date=2025-04-21}}</ref> It is a key presence in [[Rajasthani folk music]], and is heard in [[Jaisalmer]] and [[Barmer district|Barmer]]. [[Sakar Khan]], who received [[Padma Shri]] for his work with kamayacha, and [[Dapu Khan]] are some of its most well-known players.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sakar Khan |url=https://folkways.si.edu/sakar-khan/india-world/music/album/smithsonian |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=Smithsonian Folkways Recordings |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-07-29 |title=Dapu Khan – the khamaicha legend |url=https://melvenblog.wordpress.com/2021/07/29/dapu-khan-the-khamaicha-legend/ |access-date=2024-08-09 |website=melven |language=en}}</ref>

===Khartal===
[[Khartal]] also known as Kartals are a traditional percussion instrument used in Rajasthan, consisting of a pair of thin, hard wooden pieces. They are similar in function to percussion bones and are commonly used in folk music and devotional performances.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Jain |first=Sanket |date=2024-09-08 |title='This is what makes me happy' |url=https://www.nationalheraldindia.com/culture/this-is-what-makes-me-happy-says-one-of-rajasthans-last-khartal-makers |access-date=2025-04-20 |website=National Herald |language=en}}</ref>

===Pungi===
Murali is also known as bansuri, and Murli is known as [[Pungi]]. The [[bansuri]] is the Indian flute made of [[bamboo]]. The pungi is the instrument that was once used by snake charmers, but still used by musicians today. It is made out of bamboo with a gourd at its top.<ref>{{Citation |title=RAJASTHANI FOLK MUSICAL INSTRUMENT- MURALI | date=21 August 2010 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wmK7APN0OBo |access-date=2024-03-19 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last= |title=The Bansuri: the humble bamboo reed of cowherds |url=https://www.darbar.org/article/the-bansuri-the-humble-bamboo-reed-of-cowherds |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=Darbar Arts Culture and Heritage Trust}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=What is a bansuri? | date=2 June 2011 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Md4y8wpo-sY |access-date=2024-03-19 |language=en}}</ref>

===Nagphani===
Nagphani is a traditional wind instrument belonging to the [[Kumaon region]] in Uttarakhand. This is also played in Gujarat and Rajasthan. It is shaped like a serpent (Nag means serpent in [[Sanskrit]], thus giving it the name) with a metal tongue painted with bright colours. This instrument resembles a snake with a round and open mouth, is made of copper and bronze and is smaller in size than other wind instruments.<ref>{{cite web
|title=Nagphani |url=https://artsandculture.google.com/asset/nagphani/4QG3FXrlZfW6AQ?hl=en&avm=4
|website=Google Arts & Culture
|access-date=20 April 2025
}}</ref> It is used by tantrik ritual performers. Nagphani was also played during battles to boost the morale of the troops and is occasional during weddings and gatherings.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Nagphani {{!}} Nepal or India |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/500781 |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art |language=en}}</ref>

===Raavanhatha===
[[File:Ravanhatha cmdt.jpg|thumb|Indian Ravanhatha at the Casa Museo Del Timple, Lanzarote, Spain]]
[[Ravanahatha|Raavan hatha]], or 'Raavan's hand' is a [[string instrument]] modelled from a legend telling the story of Raavan came upon his death by Lord [[Rama]] in [[Sri Lanka]]. Fifteen metallic pegs run along the stem of the instrument representing Raavan's fifteen fingers. The two wooden pegs behind the stem represent his thumbs. The coconut base represents the shoulder and the strings represent the nerves.

===Sarangi===
[[File:Mashak, Indian Bagpipe.jpg|thumb|An image of mashak, the traditional Indian bagpipe.]]
There are two instruments which are known as [[sarangi]] in Rajasthan. The first is Sindhi sarangi. It is the real sarangi with many strings, pegs, and the sound of a human voice. It resembles a Western violin. The Gujari sarangi is shaped like a smaller Ravanahatha, but is called a sarangi.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Sarangi {{!}} Indian |url=https://www.metmuseum.org/art/collection/search/503204 |access-date=2024-03-19 |website=The Metropolitan Museum of Art |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=RAJASTHANI FOLK MUSICAL INSTRUMENT- SINDHI SARANGI | date=24 August 2010 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=A9Ml90o7PY8 |access-date=2024-03-19 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Citation |title=RAJASTHANI FOLK MUSICAL INSTRUMENT - GUJARI or SARANGI | date=29 June 2012 |url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9t9LanZ_CRA |access-date=2024-03-19 |language=en}}</ref>

==References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Indian musical instruments]]
[[Category:Culture of Rajasthan]]

Musical instruments of Rajasthan - Revision history

Sarada22: created a post more to come.