imported>GünniX: v2.04 - Fix errors for CW project (Reference list missing)

2021-07-29T10:47:47Z

v2.04 - Fix errors for CW project (Reference list missing)

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{{about||the mundu tree|Garcinia dulcis|the ethnic group in Sudan|Mundu people}}
{{Distinguish|Moundou}}
{{Short description|Traditional draped garment for the lower body, worn in South Asia and the Maldives}}
{{more footnotes|date=January 2020}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
[[File:Malabar Christians of 19th century.jpg|thumb|[[Saint Thomas Christians|Nasranis]] or Syrian Christians of Kerala wearing [[Chattayum Mundum|mundu]] (from an old painting). Photo published in the Cochin Government Royal War Efforts Souvenir in 1938.]]
[[File:Raja_Ravi_Varma,_There_Comes_Papa_(1893).jpg|thumb|[[Nair]] woman wearing [[Mundum Neriyathum]], painting by [[Raja Ravi Varma]]]]
[[File:Mundu Dhothi Veshti Kerala Style മുണ്ട്.JPG|thumb|upright|A man wearing mundu and melmundu]]
The '''mundu''' (pronounced {{IPA-ml|muɳɖɨ|}}) is a garment worn around the waist in the [[Indian states]] of [[Kerala]], [[Tamil Nadu]], the [[Lakshadweep]] archipelago, and the [[Indian Ocean]] island nation of [[Maldives]]. It is closely related to [[sarong]]s like [[dhoti]]s and [[lungi]]s. It is normally woven in [[cotton]] and coloured white or cream. The colour is dependent on whether the cotton is bleached or unbleached. A ''khaddar mundu'' is made using handlooms. When unbleached, the mundu is called "''neriyathu''". In modern times, two types of ''mundu'' are prevalent—the single and the double. A single ''mundu'' is wrapped only once around the waist, while the double one is folded in half before wearing. A mundu is usually starched before use.

==Men==
A mundu usually has a line of comparatively thicker cloth woven into it near the border called the ''kara''. The ''kara'' can be coloured and comes in various sizes. There is also double coloured and ornamental ''kara'' (a strip of colour at the end of the mundu).<ref>{{cite web|title=Dresses & Costumes Of Kerala|url=http://www.indfy.com/kerala/dresses.html}}</ref> For more ceremonial occasions (like weddings), a mundu has a golden embroidery known as kasavu. The wearer highlights the 'kara' by carefully folding the end of the mundu. The ''kara'' generally appears on the right-hand side of the person, though styles with the kara on the left side are prevalent.
Unspoken rules of etiquette govern the way the mundu is worn. Men will often fold the garment in half to resemble a short [[skirt]] when working, cycling, etc., but it is considered disrespectful to speak to women or one's social superiors with the mundu folded up this way, revealing the legs from the knee down. When faced with such a social situation, the fold of the mundu is loosened with an imperceptible flick and it flutters down to cover the legs completely. Sometimes a belt will be used; a popular Velcro belt that comes in either green or black has yellow pockets to keep valuables and hold the mundu (or lungi) secure.

The 'melmundu' is an upper garment similar to the '[neriyathu]' or '[thundu]'. that is worn by women; 'mundu' and 'melmundu' are part of the traditional [[Malayali]] costume worn by men.

Despite the considerable influence of western dressing forms in South Indian culture, Hindu traditional ceremonies of Kerala (some Hindu castes in other south Indian states) it is mandatory for the men to wear the Mundu. For Hindu Marriages Men has to wear Mundu along with either shirt or a 'Mel Mundu'.
Mundu along with uthareeyam is worn during religious occasions by Kerala Brahmins.
It is also considered appropriate for men to wear Mundu during their visits to the temples and attending religious functions, though it is not mandatory at all places. However, it is a mandatory requirement to wear mundu and Mel-mundu for men to visit some famous temples in Kerala like the [[Guruvayur Temple]], the [[Padmanabhaswamy Temple]]) etc. For the convenience of the devotees, temple managements do provide these on rent bear the temple premises itself.

==Women==
A variant called a [[mundum-neriyathum]] is used more often by women. The ''mundum-neriyathum'' is a set of two mundus, both having matching ''kara''. The set contains a lower garment similar to those worn by men. The upper mundu, worn with a blouse, is wrapped once around the waist and upper body and left hanging from the left shoulder, resembling a [[saree]]. This is often called a set-mundu. This is usually worn during festivals or special occasions.

In [[Kerala]], a ''veshti'' is a small piece of cloth (generally put on the shoulders) along with a mundu, for formal occasions.

==Kerala Lungi==
In [[Kerala]], the lungi, also called ''Kaili'' or ''Kalli Mundu'', is worn by both men and women. Labourers prefer to wear lungis while working. Most men in Kerala use lungi as casual wear or as a house dress, as it is quite comfortable to wear. Lungis are generally colourful, and with varying designs. They are not worn during occasions such as weddings or other religious ceremonies. Saffron-coloured lungis ('kaavi mundu') are also commonly worn by men.

==See also==
* [[Lungi]]
* [[Mundum Neriyathum]]
* [[Sarong]]
* [[Toga]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{commons category|Mundu}}
# South India By Richard Plunkettx. {{ISBN|1-86450-161-8}}
# Female Ascetics: Hierarchy and Purity in an Indian Religious Movement By Wendy Sinclair-Brull page number 170. {{ISBN|0-7007-0422-1}}
# The Syrian Christians of Kerala By S. G. Pothan.

{{Clothing in South Asia}}

[[Category:Indian clothing]]
[[Category:Skirts]]
[[Category:Culture of Karnataka]]

Mundu - Revision history

imported>GünniX: v2.04 - Fix errors for CW project (Reference list missing)