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{{Short description|King of Gujarat from 1175 to 1178}}
{{Use Indian English|date=June 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2024}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Mularaja II
| succession = King of Gujarat
| reign = c. 1175 – 1178
| predecessor = [[Ajayapala (Chaulukya dynasty)|Ajayapala]]
| successor = [[Bhima II]]
| father = [[Ajayapala (Chaulukya dynasty)|Ajayapala]]
| mother = [[Naiki Devi]]
| dynasty = [[Chaulukya]]
}}

'''Mularaja''' ({{reign|1175|1178 CE}}), also known as ''Bala Mularaja'' ({{lit|Child Mularaja}}), was an Indian king from the [[Chaulukya dynasty]] of [[Gujarat]]. He ruled the present-day Gujarat and surrounding areas from his capital [[Anahilapataka]] (modern Patan). He ascended the throne as a child, and his mother [[Naiki Devi]] acted as the [[regent]] during his short reign. The Chaulukyas repulsed a [[Ghurid]] invasion when he was 13 years old. The [[Paramara dynasty|Paramara]] king [[Vindhyavarman]] made attempts to evict the Chaulukyas from [[Malwa]] during his reign, and succeeded in regaining control of Malwa either during Mularaja's lieftime or shortly after his death.

== Early life ==

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Mularaja succeeded his father [[Ajayapala (Chaulukya dynasty)|Ajayapala]] on the Chaulukya throne.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=131}}

His mother [[Naikidevi]] was the daughter of one Paramardin. According to one theory, this Paramardin was the [[Kadambas of Goa|Goa Kadamba]] king Shivachitta Paramadideva (1148–1179 CE). Another theory identifies him with the [[Chandela]] king [[Paramardi]]. The second theory is based on the identification of "Kakaḍādaha" with similar-sounding "Gāḍāraghaṭṭa".{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=131}} The Chandela-era Garra inscription mentions that a Chandela warrior named Rauta Pape lost his life in a battle at Kakaḍādaha.{{sfn|Sisirkumar Mitra|1977|p=129}} According to the 14th century chronicler [[Merutunga]], Naikidevi fought the Muslims at Gāḍarāraghaṭṭa.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=131}} This appears to be same as Kasahrada, where a Chaulukya army defeated the [[Ghurid]]s in 1178 CE.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=136}}

Mularaja ascended the throne as a young child after his father's death. His mother Naikidevi acted as the regent during his short reign.{{sfn|Tripat Sharma|1987|p=123}}

== Battle of Kasahrada ==

{{further|Battle of Kasahrada}}

== Rebellion in Malwan ==

The [[Paramara dynasty|Paramara]] kingdom of [[Malwa]] had come under Chaulukya control during the reign of Mularaja's predecessors. During Mularaja's reign, a [[famine]] occurred in Gujarat. Taking advantage of this, the Paramara king [[Vindhyavarman]] made attempts to regain control of Malwa.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=136}}

The Chaulukya general Kumara was in-charge of the operations against Vindhyavarman. According to ''Surathotsava'', written by Kumara's son [[Someshvara (13th-century poet)|Someshvara]], Kumara defeated Vindhyavarman. After his victory, Kumara destroyed Vindhyavarman's town Gogasthana, sank a well where the Paramara palace once stood, and plundered Malwa.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=136}}

Vindhyavarman was ultimately successful in regaining control of Malwa. According to historian [[R. C. Majumdar]], he accomplished this during the reign of Mularaja.{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1977|p=328}} However, A. K. Majumdar believes that Malwa remained under Chaululkya control during Mularaja's reign.{{sfn|Asoke Kumar Majumdar|1956|p=136}}

== Famine ==

According to [[Someshvara (13th-century poet)|Someshvara]]'s ''Surathotsava Mahakavya'', there was a severe famine during the reign of Mularaja II, and Someshvara's father - the royal priest Kumara - convinced the king to give the citizens a tax break during this period. Someshvara states that Kumara also served as a military commander, and repulsed an invasion by the Paramara king [[Vindhyavarman]]. Kumara destroyed the Paramara city of Goga-sthana, and dug a well on the cite of Vindhya's palace. He obtained a great amount of wealth from the Paramara kingdom of Malava, and donated it at Gaya during a shraddha ceremony. He also defeated a mlechchha army near Rajnisara (or Ranisara).<ref>{{cite book |author=B.J. Sandesara |author-link=Bhogilal Sandesara |title=Literary Circle of Mahāmātya Vastupāla and its Contribution to Sanskrit Literature |series=Singhi Jain Series |year=1953 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5tljAAAAMAAJ |page=46 }}</ref>

== Death ==

Mularaja died at a very young age in 1178 CE, and was succeeded by his brother [[Bhima II]].{{sfn|R. C. Majumdar|1977|p=334}}

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

=== Bibliography ===
{{ref begin}}
* {{cite book |author=Ashok Kumar Srivastava |title=The Chahamanas of Jalor |publisher=Sahitya Sansar Prakashan |year=1979 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.547206 |oclc=12737199 }}
* {{cite book |author=Asoke Kumar Majumdar |title=Chaulukyas of Gujarat |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ffAdAAAAMAAJ |publisher=Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan |year=1956 |oclc=4413150 }}
* {{cite book |author=Dasharatha Sharma |title=Early Chauhān Dynasties |publisher=S. Chand / Motilal Banarsidass |year=1959 |isbn=9780842606189 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n4gcAAAAMAAJ }}
* {{cite book |author=R. B. Singh |title=History of the Chāhamānas |publisher=N. Kishore |year=1964 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=TKs9AAAAIAAJ |oclc=11038728 }}
* {{cite book |author=R. C. Majumdar |author-link=R. C. Majumdar |title=Ancient India |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=1977 |isbn=9788120804364 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=XNxiN5tzKOgC&pg=PA327 }}
* {{cite book |author=Sisirkumar Mitra |title=The Early Rulers of Khajurāho |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=irHN2UA_Z7gC&pg=PA113 |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=1977 |isbn=9788120819979 }}
* {{cite book |author=Tripat Sharma |title=Women in Ancient India, from 320 A.D. to C. 1200 A.D. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VlAqAAAAYAAJ |year=1987 |publisher=Ess Ess |isbn=978-81-7000-028-0 }}
{{ref end}}

{{Chaulukya dynasty}}

[[Category:Chaulukya kings]]
[[Category:12th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Chaulukya dynasty]]
[[Category:1178 deaths]]

Mularaja II - Revision history

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