Muhammad Khan Bangash - Revision history

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← Older revision		Revision as of 01:22, 11 June 2022
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	~~{{notability\|Biographies\|date=June 2014}}~~
	{{Infobox royalty		{{Infobox royalty
	\| embed =		\| embed =
	\| name = Nawab Muhammad Khan Bangash		\| name = Nawab Muhammad Khan Bangash
	\| title = [[Nawab]] of [[Farrukhabad]] <br/> [[Nawab]] Of [[Allahabad\|Allahbad]] <br/> [[Nawab]] Of [[Malwa Subah\|Malwa]] <br/> [[Viceroy]] of [[Assam]] ~~<br/>~~		\| title = [[Nawab]] of [[Farrukhabad]] <br/> [[Nawab]] Of [[Allahabad\|Allahbad]] <br/> [[Nawab]] Of [[Malwa Subah\|Malwa]] <br/> [[Viceroy]] of [[Assam]]
	\| titletext = [[Sardar]]<br/>Ghazanfar Jang		\| titletext = [[Sardar]]<br/>Ghazanfar Jang
	\| more =		\| more =
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	\| regent =		\| regent =
	\| reg-type =		\| reg-type =
	\| succession1 = [[Nawab]] Of [[Allahabad district\|~~Allahbad~~]]		\| succession1 = [[Nawab]] Of [[Allahabad district\|Allahabad]]
	\| moretext1 =		\| moretext1 =
	\| reign1 = 1725-August 1729<br>1735-1736		\| reign1 = 1725-August 1729<br>1735-1736
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	Nawab Ghazanfar-Jang, '''~~Muhammad~~ Khan ~~Bangash~~''' (1665 – 1743) was the first [[Nawab of Farrukhabad]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]], India. He was a "Bawan Hazari Sardar" (Commander of ~~52000 Men Strong~~ force) in the [[Mughal Army]]. He served as governor of Malwa and Allahabad provinces of Mughal empire.<ref>A history of the Bangash nawabs of Farrukhabad, from 1713 to 1771 A.D. by Jos J. L. Gommans</ref>{{page needed\|date=May 2014}}<ref>The Rise of the Indo-Afghan Empire: C. 1710-1780 ~~By Jos J~~. L. ~~Gommans<~~/~~ref>{{page needed~~\|~~date~~=~~May 2014~~}}		Nawab '''Ghazanfar-Jang''',<ref name= "biography"/> '''Bangash Khan''' (1665 – 1743) was the first [[Nawab of Farrukhabad]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]], India. He was a "Bawan Hazari Sardar" (Commander of 52,000 men strong force) in the [[Mughal Army]]. He served as governor of [[Malwa Subah\|Malwa]] and [[Allahabad]] provinces of the [[Mughal empire]].<ref name="modern">{{cite book \|last1=Mahajan \|first1=V. D. \|title=Modern Indian History \|date=2020 \|publisher=S. Chand Publishing \|isbn=978-93-5283-619-2 \|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Modern_Indian_History/vDscEAAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=muhammad+khan+bangash&pg=PA48&printsec=frontcover \|language=en}}</ref><ref>A history of the Bangash nawabs of Farrukhabad, from 1713 to 1771 A.D. by Jos J. L. Gommans</ref>{{page needed\|date=May 2014}}<ref name="indo-afghan">{{cite book \|last1=Gommans \|first1=Jos J. L. \|title=The Rise of the Indo-Afghan Empire: C. 1710-1780 \|date=1995 \|publisher=BRILL \|isbn=978-90-04-10109-8 \|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Rise_of_the_Indo_Afghan_Empire/-2TH8UYeAaoC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=Nawab+of+Farrukhabad&printsec=frontcover \|language=en}}</ref>
	He was also viceroy of Assam from 1735-1743.Although regarded as rude and illiterate he was well regarded for his loyalty, and it is believed that had fortune sided with him he would have been able to establish a kingdom rivalling the ~~deccan~~ or ~~awadh~~.		He was also viceroy of Assam from 1735-1743. Although regarded as rude and illiterate<ref name= "indo-afghan"/> he was well regarded for his loyalty,<ref name= "modern"/> and it is believed that had fortune sided with him he would have been able to establish a kingdom rivalling those in the Deccan or [[Oudh State\|Awadh]].<ref name="bangash">{{cite book \|last1=Irvine \|first1=William \|title=A History of the Bangash Nawabs of Farrukhabad: From 1713 to 1771 A.D. \|date=1879 \|publisher=G.H. Rouse \|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/A_History_of_the_Bangash_Nawabs_of_Farru/GkybnQEACAAJ?hl=en \|language=en}}</ref>

	==~~Background~~==		==Life==
	Muhammad Khan belonged to ~~khaghzai branch~~ of [[Pashtuns\|Pashtun]] [[Bangash]] tribe. In India they were referred to as ''qaum-i-bangash''. His father, Ain Khan Bangash had migrated from his native lands in the time of Aurangzeb and settled in Mau Rashidabad. Muhammad Khan gained a reputation as one of the most powerful of the Afghan mercenary warriors who inhabited that part of Hindustan, and eventually came to establish the territories that were consolidated into the state of Farrukhabad. The state of Farrukhabad was named after Muhammad Khan's patron the [[Farrukhsiyar\|Emperor Farrukhsiyar]].<ref>{{cite book \|title=The Cambridge History of India Vol.IV \|page=353}}</ref> At his death his dominions included the entire Doab from Koil in the North, to Kora in the South, including		Muhammad Khan belonged to the Karlani Khaghzai clan<ref name="awadh">{{cite book \|last1=Bhasin \|first1=Rakesh \|title=Dastan-e-Awadh: A Momentous Journey from Faizabad to Lucknow \|date=21 May 2018 \|publisher=Notion Press \|isbn=978-1-64249-882-0 \|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Dastan_e_Awadh/1lhbDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=muhammad+khan+bangash&pg=PT53&printsec=frontcover \|language=en}}</ref> of the [[Pashtuns\|Pashtun]] [[Bangash]] tribe. In India they were referred to as ''qaum-i-bangash''. His father, Ain Khan Bangash had migrated from his native lands in the time of [[Aurangzeb]] and settled in Mau Rashidabad. Muhammad Khan gained a reputation as one of the most powerful of the Afghan mercenary warriors who inhabited that part of Hindustan, and eventually came to establish the territories that were consolidated into the state of Farrukhabad. He was rewarded the ''[[jagir]]'' of Farrukhabad area and part of [[Bundelkhand]].<ref name="awadh"/>
	all of Farrukhabad and parts of Cawnpore, Shahjahanpur, Budaun and Aligarh.<ref>{{Cite web \| url=http://www.khyber.org/history/a/mohammad_khan_bangash.shtml \| title=Mohammad Khan Bangash}}</ref>
	His brother Himmat Khan Bangash was the father of Nawab Murtaza Khan of Jahangirabad, and the grandfather of the poet [[Nawab Mustafa Khan Shefta.]]<ref>{{Cite web \| url=https://www.geni.com/people/Ain-Khan-Bangash/6000000021514626858 \| title=Ain Khan Bangash}}</ref>		The state of Farrukhabad was named after Muhammad Khan's patron the [[Farrukhsiyar\|Emperor Farrukhsiyar]].<ref name= "awadh"/><ref name="biography">{{cite book \|last1=Beale \|first1=Thomas William \|title=An Oriental Biographical Dictionary \|date=1894 \|publisher=W.H. Allen \|isbn=978-1-4047-0648-4 \|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/An_Oriental_Biographical_Dictionary/zaoYAAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=muhammad+khan+bangash&pg=PA268&printsec=frontcover \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book \|title=The Cambridge History of India Vol.IV \|page=353}}</ref> In 1713, he was appointed a courtier by [[Farrukhsiyar\|Emperor Farrukhsiyar]] and founded the town of [[Farrukhabad]] in 1714. <ref name="modern"/> He founded the town of [[Mohammadabad, Farrukhabad\|Mohammadabad]] after his name and the town of [[Kaimganj\|Qaimganj]] after his son Qaim Khan's name.<ref name= "awadh"/> During [[Saadat Ali Khan I\|Saadat Khan]]'s journey to [[Awadh]], he stayed at [[Farrukhabad]]. Muhammad Khan Bangash gave him information about the strength of [[Shaikhzada\|Shaikhzadas]] (a community which ruled [[Lucknow]]).{{sfn\|Srivastava\|1954\|p=32}} He advised Khan to befriend the [[sheikh]]s of [[Kakori]], adversaries of the Shaikhzadas, before entering [[Lucknow]]. Bangash became [[Saadat Ali Khan I\|Saadat Khan]]'s closest ally. However, [[Saadat Ali Khan I\|Saadat Khan]] began to go out of his ways to curry favour with the emperor. This obsession annoyed other ''nawabs'' and ''subahdars''. Among them was Bangash himself, who was angry at the latter for backing [[Chhatrasal]] and instigating him.<ref name= "awadh"/>

			He served in the campaign against the [[Jat people\|Jat]] leader [[Churaman]] (October 1722 - September 1723) and [[Ajit Singh of Marwar]].<ref name="chhatrasal">{{cite book \|last1=Gupta \|first1=Bhagavānadāsa \|title=Life and Times of Maharaja Chhatrasal Bundela \|date=1980 \|publisher=Radiant \|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Life_and_Times_of_Maharaja_Chhatrasal_Bu/lNe1AAAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=muhammad+khan+bangash&dq=muhammad+khan+bangash&printsec=frontcover \|language=en}}</ref> In 1730, emperor [[Muhammad Shah]] appointed him as the ''[[Subahdar]]'' of [[Malwa Subah\|Malwa]]. However, he was unable to cope with the repeated [[Maratha Empire\|Maratha]] incursions and was removed from the post in 1732. He was appointed ''[[Subahdar]]'' of [[Allahabad]] for the admirable job he did against [[Chhatrasal]] the first time.<ref name= "awadh"/> On account of his [[Battle of Bundelkhand\|failure in Bundelkhand]] against [[Chhatrasal]] the second time, he was removed from the governorship of [[Allahabad]] as well.<ref name= "biography"/>

			At his death his dominions included the entire Doab from Koil in the North, to Kora in the South, including
			all of Farrukhabad and parts of Cawnpore, Shahjahanpur, Budaun and Aligarh.<ref>{{Cite web \| url=http://www.khyber.org/history/a/mohammad_khan_bangash.shtml \| title=Mohammad Khan Bangash}}</ref><ref name="modern"/>
			His brother Himmat Khan Bangash was the father of Nawab Murtaza Khan of Jahangirabad, and the grandfather of the poet [[Nawab Mustafa Khan Shefta.]]<ref>{{Cite web \| url=https://www.geni.com/people/Ain-Khan-Bangash/6000000021514626858 \| title=Ain Khan Bangash}}</ref>

			===Personality===
			Muhammad Khan Bangash was illiterate and could not understand a single word of [[Persian Language\|Persian]], due to which he had to be accompanied by one of his sons.<ref name= "bangash"/><ref name= "indo-afghan"/> Contemporaries were amazed by the discrepancy between his great wealth & power and his simple personal habits. However, this roughness and general lack of [[Adab (gesture)\|''adab'']] could be rather embarrassing, especially during audiences at the [[Durbar (court)\|imperial Mughal court]]. His descendants were more fully accommodated to the royal ''nawabi'' lifestyle and the etiquette of an Indo-Persian court.<ref name= "indo-afghan"/>

	===Later Mughal-Maratha Wars===		===Later Mughal-Maratha Wars===
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	In [[Bundelkhand]], [[Chhatrasal]] had rebelled against the [[Mughal Empire]] and established an independent kingdom. In December 1728, a Mughal force led by the distinguished commander Muhammad Khan Bangash attacked him, and besieged his fort with his family. Chhatrasal had repeatedly sought [[Baji Rao I\|Peshwa Baji Rao]]'s assistance, but the latter was busy in Malwa at that time.		In [[Bundelkhand]], [[Chhatrasal]] had rebelled against the [[Mughal Empire]] and established an independent kingdom. In December 1728, a Mughal force led by the distinguished commander Muhammad Khan Bangash attacked him, and besieged his fort with his family. [[Chhatrasal]] had repeatedly sought [[Baji Rao I\|Peshwa Baji Rao]]'s assistance, but the latter was busy in [[Malwa Subah\|Malwa]] at that time.

	In March 1729, the Peshwa [[Baji Rao I]] finally responded to Chhatrasal's request and marched towards Bundelkhand. Chhatrasal also escaped his captivity and joined the Maratha forces. After they marched to [[Jaitpur State\|Jaitpur]], as a result Bangash was ~~forced to~~ retreat from Bundelkhand. Chhatrasal's position as the ruler of Bundelkhand was restored.<ref name="GSC_2005">{{cite book \|author=G.S.Chhabra \|title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707-1803) \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkDi6rVbckoC&pg=PA19 \|date=1 January 2005 \|publisher=Lotus Press \|isbn=978-81-89093-06-8 \|pages=19–28 }}</ref>		In March 1729, the Peshwa [[Baji Rao I]] finally responded to [[Chhatrasal]]'s request and marched towards Bundelkhand. Chhatrasal also escaped his captivity and joined the Maratha forces. After they marched to [[Jaitpur State\|Jaitpur]], as a result Bangash was defeated in the [[Battle of Bundelkhand\|battle]] and retreat from Bundelkhand. Chhatrasal's position as the ruler of Bundelkhand was restored.<ref name="GSC_2005">{{cite book \|author=G.S.Chhabra \|title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707-1803) \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkDi6rVbckoC&pg=PA19 \|date=1 January 2005 \|publisher=Lotus Press \|isbn=978-81-89093-06-8 \|pages=19–28 }}</ref>

			==Succession==
			Muhammad Khan Bangash was succeeded by his eldest son Qaim Khan in 1743.<ref name="asiatic">{{cite book \|title=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal \|date=1878 \|publisher=Soc. \|url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Journal_of_the_Asiatic_Society_of_Bengal/VrZjSLWen4AC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=muhammad+khan+bangash&pg=PA270&printsec=frontcover \|language=en}}</ref><ref name= "awadh"/> Qaim Khan was later succeeded by Ahmad Khan Bangash, his brother.<ref name="modern"/><ref name= "indo-afghan"/><ref name= "biography"/>

	==Nawabs==		==Nawabs==
	~~There~~ were following [[Nawab of Farrukhabad]]		These were the following [[Nawab of Farrukhabad\|Nawabs of Farrukhabad]]-<ref name= "biography"/>
	* Nawab Muhammad Khan Bangash		* Nawab Muhammad Khan Bangash
	* Nawab Qaim-Jang Qaim Khan Qaim-ud-daula		* Nawab Qaim-Jang Qaim Khan Qaim-ud-daula
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	==References==		==References==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

			==Bibiliography==
			*{{citation\|title = The First Two Nawabs of Awadh \| first = Ashirbadi Lal \| last = Srivastava \| authorlink = Ashirbadi Lal Srivastava \| date = 1954 \| publisher = Shiva Lal Agarwal \| url = https://archive.org/details/dli.bengal.10689.12411/page/n33 }}

	[[Category:People from Farrukhabad]]		[[Category:People from Farrukhabad]]

2405:204:A51B:EAAC:CCAA:D022:6FD8:6FE7 at 08:52, 29 March 2021

2021-03-29T08:52:48Z

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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{notability|Biographies|date=June 2014}}
{{Infobox royalty
| embed =
| name = Nawab Muhammad Khan Bangash
| title = [[Nawab]] of [[Farrukhabad]] [[Nawab]] Of [[Allahabad|Allahbad]] [[Nawab]] Of [[Malwa Subah|Malwa]] [[Viceroy]] of [[Assam]] 
| titletext = [[Sardar]] Ghazanfar Jang
| more =
| type =
| image = Nawab Muhammad Khan Bangash, ca 1730, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Paris.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = Khan entertained by women
| succession = [[Nawab]] of [[Farrukhabad district|Farrukhabad]]
| moretext =
| reign = 1713-1743
| reign-type =
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| predecessor = ''Monarchy Established''
| pre-type =
| successor = Nawab Qaim Khan Bangash
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| succession1 = [[Nawab]] Of [[Allahabad district|Allahbad]]
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| reign1 = 1725-August 1729 1735-1736
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| predecessor1 = Sarbuland Khan
| pre-type1 =
| successor1 = Sarbuland Khan
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| succession2 = [[Nawab]] Of [[Malwa Subah|Malwa]]
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| reign2 = 26 January 1731-25 October 1752
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| predecessor2 = Girdhar Bahadur
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| successor2 = Jay Singh Of Amber
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| birth_name = Muhammad Khan
| birth_date = 1665
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| death_date = 1743
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* Nawab Qaim Khan Bangash}}
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Nawab Ghazanfar-Jang, '''Muhammad Khan Bangash''' (1665 – 1743) was the first [[Nawab of Farrukhabad]] in [[Uttar Pradesh]], India. He was a "Bawan Hazari Sardar" (Commander of 52000 Men Strong force) in the [[Mughal Army]]. He served as governor of Malwa and Allahabad provinces of Mughal empire.<ref>A history of the Bangash nawabs of Farrukhabad, from 1713 to 1771 A.D. by Jos J. L. Gommans</ref>{{page needed|date=May 2014}}<ref>The Rise of the Indo-Afghan Empire: C. 1710-1780 By Jos J. L. Gommans</ref>{{page needed|date=May 2014}}
He was also viceroy of Assam from 1735-1743.Although regarded as rude and illiterate he was well regarded for his loyalty, and it is believed that had fortune sided with him he would have been able to establish a kingdom rivalling the deccan or awadh.

==Background==
Muhammad Khan belonged to khaghzai branch of [[Pashtuns|Pashtun]] [[Bangash]] tribe. In India they were referred to as ''qaum-i-bangash''. His father, Ain Khan Bangash had migrated from his native lands in the time of Aurangzeb and settled in Mau Rashidabad. Muhammad Khan gained a reputation as one of the most powerful of the Afghan mercenary warriors who inhabited that part of Hindustan, and eventually came to establish the territories that were consolidated into the state of Farrukhabad. The state of Farrukhabad was named after Muhammad Khan's patron the [[Farrukhsiyar|Emperor Farrukhsiyar]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The Cambridge History of India Vol.IV |page=353}}</ref> At his death his dominions included the entire Doab from Koil in the North, to Kora in the South, including
all of Farrukhabad and parts of Cawnpore, Shahjahanpur, Budaun and Aligarh.<ref>{{Cite web | url=http://www.khyber.org/history/a/mohammad_khan_bangash.shtml | title=Mohammad Khan Bangash}}</ref>
His brother Himmat Khan Bangash was the father of Nawab Murtaza Khan of Jahangirabad, and the grandfather of the poet [[Nawab Mustafa Khan Shefta.]]<ref>{{Cite web | url=https://www.geni.com/people/Ain-Khan-Bangash/6000000021514626858 | title=Ain Khan Bangash}}</ref>

===Later Mughal-Maratha Wars===
{{Campaignbox
| title = [[Later Mughal-Maratha Wars (1728-1763)|Later Mughal-Maratha Wars]]
| name = Campaignbox Later Mughal-Maratha Wars
| listclass = hlist
| battles =
* [[Battle of Amjhera (1728)]]
* [[Battle of Palkhed]]
* [[Battle of Jaitpur (1729)]]
* [[Battle of Delhi (1737)]]
* [[Battle of Bhopal]]
* [[Battle of Damalcherry Pass (1740)]]
* [[Siege of Trichinopoly (1741)]]
* [[First Battle of Katwa]]
* [[Siege of Trichinopoly (1743)]]
* [[Second Battle of Katwa]]
* [[Battle of Burdwan]]
* [[Battle of Malthan (1751)]]
* [[First Battle of Sikandarabad (1754)]]
* [[Battle of Sindkhed (1757)]]
* [[Battle of Udgir]]
* [[Battle of Mangrol (1761)]]
* [[Battle of Rakshasbhuvan]]
}}

In [[Bundelkhand]], [[Chhatrasal]] had rebelled against the [[Mughal Empire]] and established an independent kingdom. In December 1728, a Mughal force led by the distinguished commander Muhammad Khan Bangash attacked him, and besieged his fort with his family. Chhatrasal had repeatedly sought [[Baji Rao I|Peshwa Baji Rao]]'s assistance, but the latter was busy in Malwa at that time.

In March 1729, the Peshwa [[Baji Rao I]] finally responded to Chhatrasal's request and marched towards Bundelkhand. Chhatrasal also escaped his captivity and joined the Maratha forces. After they marched to [[Jaitpur State|Jaitpur]], as a result Bangash was forced to retreat from Bundelkhand. Chhatrasal's position as the ruler of Bundelkhand was restored.<ref name="GSC_2005">{{cite book |author=G.S.Chhabra |title=Advance Study in the History of Modern India (Volume-1: 1707-1803) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UkDi6rVbckoC&pg=PA19 |date=1 January 2005 |publisher=Lotus Press |isbn=978-81-89093-06-8 |pages=19–28 }}</ref>

==Nawabs==
There were following [[Nawab of Farrukhabad]]
* Nawab Muhammad Khan Bangash
* Nawab Qaim-Jang Qaim Khan Qaim-ud-daula
* Nawab [[Ahmad Khan Bangash]] (took part in the [[Third Battle of Panipat]] in 1761 alongside Ahmad Shah Abdali )
* Nawab Muzaffar-Jang Daler Himmat Khan
* Nawab Nasir-Jang Imdad Hussain Khan
* Nawab Tafazzul Hussain Khan

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:People from Farrukhabad]]
[[Category:Nawabs of India]]
[[Category:Mughal Empire]]
[[Category:1743 deaths]]
[[Category:1665 births]]

{{India-bio-stub}}