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{{Short description|Indian Islamic scholar}}
{{Copy edit|for=comprehension and neutrality}}
{{Infobox religious biography|religion=[[Islam]]
|title =
|honorific_prefix = {{small|Munazir e Islam, [[Maulana]]}}
|name= Muhammad Ismail Katki
| native_name = {{Nastaliq|محمد اسماعیل کٹکی}}
|image=
|birth_date = 1914
|birth_place= Rasoolpur, Sungra, [[Cuttack district]], [[Bihar and Orissa Province|Bihar and Orissa]], British India {{small|(now [[Odisha]], India)}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2005|02|20|1913}}
|death_place= Sungra, Cuttack district, Orissa
|resting_place = The left side of the mosque at Jamia Islamia Markazul Uloom
|alma_mater= [[Madrasa Shahi]] [[Darul Uloom Deoband]]
|notable_works= ''Yadgar e Yadgir'', ''Islam e Qadiani'', ''Zara Ghaur Karein''
|jurisprudence = [[Hanafi]]
|movement = Khatme Nabuwat movement
|office1 = 3rd President of Jamiat Ulama [[Odisha]]
|predecessor1 = Sayed Barkatullah Barkat<ref name="secretary report">{{cite book|last=Qasmi|first=Sayed Naqibul Amin Barqi|title=سیکریٹری رپورٹ بہ موقع اجلاس منتظمہ جمعیت علمائے اڈیشا|trans-title=Secretary's report on the occasion of the meeting organized by Jamiat Ulama Odisha|publisher=Jamia Makrazul Uloom|url=https://archive.org/details/20230711_20230711_2010|location=Tabligh Nagar, Kood, [[Cuttack district]]|page=3|chapter=Jamiat Ulema Odisha|language=ur}}</ref><ref name="Newalpuri">{{cite book|last=Newalpuri|first=Hafizullah|title=Orissa Mein Urdu|publisher=[[National Council for Promotion of Urdu Language]]|location=New Delhi|chapter=Maulvi Sayed Barkatullah Barkat|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/odisha-mein-urdu-hafeezullah-newalpuri-ebooks/|pages=323, 446|language=ur}}</ref>
|successor1= Sayed Sirajussajiddin Katki<ref name="secretary report"></ref>
|term1 = Unknown–2005
|office2 = 1st Ameer-e-Shari'at of Imarat-i-Shar'ia, Odisha
|term2 = 1964–2005
|successor2= Sayed Sirajussajiddin Katki
|teachers = [[Husain Ahmad Madani]] [[Murtaza Hasan Chandpuri]] [[Muhammad Miyan Deobandi]] [[Asghar Hussain Deobandi]] [[Muhammad Shafi Deobandi]] [[Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi]]
}}
'''Muhammad Ismail Katki''' ({{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|محمد اسماعیل کٹکی}}}}; 1914–20 February 2005) was an Indian Islamic scholar and writer. He was associated with the Khatme Nabuwat movement in India, particularly in the state of [[Odisha]]. He served as the first Ameer-e-Shari'at of Imarat-e-Shar'ia Odisha and the third president of [[Jamiat Ulama-e-Hind#Administration|Jamiat Ulama Odisha]].

== Early life and education ==
Muhammad Ismail Katki was born in 1914 in Rasoolpur, Sungra, [[Bihar and Orissa Province]] (now [[Odisha]]).<ref name="interview">{{cite journal|editor-last1=Alvi |editor-first1=Kafil Ahmad|title=مناظر اسلام حضرت مولانا سید محمد اسماعیل صاحب کٹکی، رکن شوری سے انٹرویو|trans-title=An interview with Maulana Sayed Muhammad Ismail Katki by Sayed Ali Ashraf Katki|url=https://archive.org/details/doc-20230603-wa-0000.|journal=Aina e Darul Uloom|publisher=Darul Uloom Deoband|location=[[Deoband]]|volume=12|issue=1|pages=4, 8, 10|language=ur}}</ref> It is stated that the maternal village of both he and [[Ataullah Shah Bukhari]] is the same.<ref name="mushtaq">{{cite book |last=Chinioti|first=Mushtaq Ahmad|title=Tahaffuz e Khatam e Nubuwat Ki Sad Saala Tareekh|trans-title=The centenary history of the Khatme Nubuwat movement|publisher=International Khatme Nabuwat movement|location=[[Pakistan]] |page=514|language=ur}}</ref>

Katki received his primary education from his paternal aunt, Seyyeda Khatoon.<ref name="interview"></ref><ref name="Ad-Dā'ī">{{cite journal |editor1-last=Amini|editor1-first=Noor Alam Khalil|editor1-link=Noor Alam Khalil Amini|title=إلى رحمة الله.١. الشيخ السيد محمد إسماعيل الكتكي|trans-title= Sheikh Muhammad Ismail Katki passed away|url=http://www.darululoom-deoband.com/arabic/articles/tmp/1551002437%2019-Ila-Rahmatillah-03-04_1426_1.htm|journal=[[Al-Da'i]]|publisher=[[Darul Uloom Deoband]]|location=Deoband|volume=29|issue=3–4|language=ar}}</ref> He began studying the [[dars-e-nizami]] curricula at Madrasa Islamia, Sungra, where he received instructions on courses up to the subject of ''Hidayat an-Nahw'' ({{lang-ar|هداية النحو}}) under Muhammad Umar Katki.<ref name="Zikr">{{cite book |last=Mansoorpuri |first=Muhammad Salman |title=Zikr-e-Raftagan|publisher=Al Markaz Al Ilmi Lin Nashri Wat Tahqeeq|location=Lalbagh, [[Moradabad]]|page=16-17|chapter=Hazrat Maulana Sayed Muhammad Ismail Sahab Katki|volume=2|language=ur}}</ref> He pursued his further studies at [[Madrasa Shahi]] in Moradabad, where his teachers included [[Muhammad Miyan Deobandi]], Ismail Sambhali, Abdul Haq Madani, and Qudratullah Qudrat.<ref name="Ad-Dā'ī"></ref><ref name="Zikr"></ref> He was admitted to [[Darul Uloom Deoband]], where he completed his studies in 1934.<ref name="Ad-Dā'ī"></ref><ref name="Mansoorpuri2"></ref><ref name="Diary">{{cite book |last=Hardoi|first=Tayyib Qasmi|title=Darul Uloom Diary (Lail o Nahar): Faizan e Shaykhul Islam Number|publisher=Idara Paigham e Mahmood|location=[[Deoband]] |language=ur}}</ref><ref name="aayena">{{cite journal|editor-last1=Alvi |editor-first1=Kafil Ahmad|title=مناظر اسلام سید محمد اسماعیل صاحب کٹکی، امیر شریعت اڑیسہ|trans-title=Scenes of Islam Sayed Mohammad Ismail Saheb Katki, Ameer-e-Shariat Orissa|url=https://archive.org/details/1989_20230713|journal=Aina e Darul Uloom|publisher=Darul Uloom Deoband|location=[[Deoband]]|volume=4|issue=11|page=6|language=ur}}</ref> His teachers in Deoband included [[Asghar Hussain Deobandi]], [[Hussain Ahmad Madani]], [[Izaz Ali Amrohi]], [[Muhammad Shafi Deobandi]], and [[Muhammad Tayyib Qasmi]].<ref name="Ad-Dā'ī"></ref><ref name="Mansoorpuri2">{{cite book |last1=Katki |first1=Muhammad Ismail|title=Zara Ghaur Karein|url=https://archive.org/details/foreword-on-zara-ghaur-karein-2005-by-usman-mansoorpuri|publisher=Central Office of the All-India Majlis e Tahaffuz e Khatme Nubuwwat, [[Darul Uloom Deoband]] |location=Deoband |edition=1st|chapter=Foreword by [[Usman Mansoorpuri]]|language=ur}}</ref>

During his studies, he drew interest in religious debates and studied their principles with Islamic scholar [[Murtaza Hasan Chandpuri]], following his studies at the Deoband seminary for a span of six months.<ref name="Ad-Dā'ī"></ref><ref name="Mansoorpuri2"></ref><ref name="Amīn">{{cite web|last=Mayurbhanji|first=Muhammad Ruhul Amin|url=https://www.baseeratonline.com/%d9%85%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a7-%d9%85%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%af-%d8%a7%d8%b3%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%b9%db%8c%d9%84-%da%a9%d9%b9%da%a9%db%8c-%d8%b1%d8%ad%d9%85%db%83-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%db%81-%d8%b9%d9%84%db%8c/|title=مناظر اسلام مولانا محمد اسماعیل کٹکی قاسمی رحمہ اللّٰہ: حیات و خدمات|trans-title= Maulana Muhammad Ismail Katki Qasmi: Life and Services|access-date=5 December 2021|website=Baseerat Online|language=ur}}</ref>

He was also a reciter in the ''[[Hafs|Hafs 'an Asim]]'' tradition. He learned [[Tajwid]] and [[Qira'at]] from Abdul Wahid Deobandi at Darul Uloom Deoband and Muhammad Abdullah at Madrasa Shahi Moradabad.<ref name="mirza">{{cite book |last= Baig|first=Mirza Bismillah|title=Tazkira Qariyan e Hind|volume=3|edition=|publisher=Meer Muhammad Kutubkhana |location=Aram Bagh, [[Karachi]]|page=111|chapter=Qari Maulana Muhammad Ismail|language=ur}}</ref>

== Career ==
Following graduate studies, Katki was first appointed as a second maulvi and a Persian and Urdu teacher at [[ Ravenshaw Collegiate School]] in Cuttack.<ref name="Hafiz">{{cite book |last1=Katki |first1=Syed Abdul Hafeez|title=Majlis e Shura Jamia Rashidia Riyazul Uloom Sungra|url=https://archive.org/details/majlis-e-shura-jamia-rashidia-riyazul-uloom-sungra|publisher= Department of Broadcasting, Jamia Rashidia Riyazul Uloom Sungra|location=[[Cuttack]]|pages=7, 12–18|language=ur}}</ref><ref name="Khama">{{cite book |last1=Naqeeb |first1=Khawar|title=Sareer e Khama|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/sareer-khama-khawar-naqeeb-ebooks?lang=ur|publisher= Bandana Printers |edition=1st|location=[[Cuttack]] |page=121|chapter=Maulana Sayed Muhammad Ismail|language=ur}}</ref> After that, he worked as a teacher at [[Koraput District|Koraput]], Odisha,<ref name="Hafiz"></ref> until 1947.<ref name="Amīn"></ref><ref name="interview"></ref>

On the order of Hussain Ahmad Madani, he became a preacher in 1946 by joining the "Anjuman Tabligh e Islam," which was founded in 1945 in Sungra, Odisha.<ref name="Hafiz"></ref><ref name="Amīn"></ref> In 1946, ''Madrasa Arabiya Islamia'' (now ''Jamia Islamia Makarzaul Uloom'') was established in Qazihat, Sungra, under the umbrella of ''Anjuman Tabligh e Islam'', and he was appointed the rector.<ref name="Amīn"></ref><ref name="Madāris">{{cite book |last1=Ishaq|first1=Mohammad Qamar|title=Hindustan Ke Aham Madāris|trans-title=Important Madrasas of India|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/hindustan-ke-aham-madaris-volume-001-mohammad-qamar-ishaq-ebooks|volume=1|publisher= Institute Of Objective Studies|location=New Delhi|page=313|language=ur}}</ref><ref name="Hafiz"></ref>

At the age of fifteen, he debated Qadianis for the first time in [[Pindi Bahauddin]], Punjab, under the supervision of [[Sanaullah Amritsari]].<ref name="interview2">{{cite journal|editor-last1=Dehlavi |editor-first1=Younus|editor-last2=Dehlavi|editor-first2=Idris|editor-last3= Dehlavi|editor-first3=Ilyas|title=میں نے آٹھ ہزار قادیانیوں کو مسلمان کیا از مولانا محمد اسماعیل|trans-title=I converted eight thousand Qadianis to Islam, Interview with Maulana Muhammad Ismail|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/shabistan-shumara-number-010-idrees-dehlvi-iliyas-dehlvi-mohammad-yunus-dehlavi-magazines-5|journal=Shabistan|publisher=Shama (Unani and Ayurvedic) laboratories|location=Lal Kunwan, Delhi|volume=8|issue=10|pages=13–14|language=ur}}</ref>

His contributions to the Khatme Nabuwat movement are unforgettable.<ref name="As‘adī"></ref> From the time of his graduation until the 1990s, he participated in over ninety debates,<ref name="Mansoorpuri2"></ref> among which the debates on the rejection of [[Ahmadiyya|Qadianism]] include the Bhadrak debate of 1958, the Yadgir debate of 1963,<ref name="ehtesāb"></ref> and the Kothagudem debate of 1988. Also, the 1979 Barabati Stadium debate on the rejection of [[Barelvi movement|Barelvism]] is worth mentioning.<ref name="Amīn"></ref>

He helped around 8,000 people revert from [[Ahmadism|Qadianism]] to Sunni Islam<ref name="Mansoorpuri2"></ref><ref name="interview2"></ref><ref name="aayena"></ref> and contributed to the movement through his lectures and sermons.<ref name="Mansoorpuri">{{cite book |last1=Katki|first1=Muhammad Ismail|title=Zara Ghaur Karein|url=https://archive.org/details/foreword-on-zara-ghaur-karein-2012-by-usman-mansoorpuri|publisher= Central Office of the All-India Majlis e Tahaffuz e Khatm e Nubuwat, Darul Uloom Deoband |location=Deoband|chapter=Foreword by [[Usman Mansoorpuri]]|edition=2nd|language=ur}}</ref><ref name="Rampuri">{{cite journal|editor-last1=Alvi |editor-first1=Kafil Ahmad|title=An article on Katki, by Riyasat Ali Rampuri|url=https://archive.org/details/20230713_20230713_0433|journal=Aina e Darul Uloom|publisher=Darul Uloom Deoband|location=[[Deoband]]|volume=20|issue=15|pages=11–13|language=ur}}</ref><ref name="Mausoo'ah">{{cite book |last1=Mubarakpuri|first1=Muhammad Arif Jameel|title=Mausoo'ah Ulama e Deoband|edition=1st|publisher=Shaikhul Hind Academy|location=Deoband|page=327|language=ar}}</ref>

== Honours and positions ==
Katki served as Odisha's first Ameer-e-Shari'at for 41 years, from 1964 until his death in 2005.<ref name="Amīn"></ref><ref name="Ad-Dā'ī"></ref> Prior to his passing, he was the third president of Jamiat Ulama Odisha<ref name="Wakf">{{cite book|last=India|first=Wakf Section|title=Review of Wakf Administration (1965–66)|year=1965 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aoY4AQAAIAAJ&dq=Maulana+Ismail+Cuttack&pg=PA16|publisher=Wakf Section, Ministry of Law (Legislative dept.), Govt of India|location=India|page=16|language=en}}</ref><ref name="secretary report"></ref> and held that position for more than 40 years.<ref name="Amīn"></ref> In 1986, he was chosen to serve as the ''All India Majlis-e-Tahaffuz-e-Khatme Nubuwwat'''s Vice President.<ref name="Mansoorpuri"></ref><ref name="Gorakhpuri">{{cite book |last=Gorakhpuri|first=Shah Alam |title=Tafasir e Quran e Majid Aur Mirzai Shubhāt|volume=1|publisher=Shahi Kutubkhana|location=Deoband |page=23|edition=November 2005; 2nd edition: November 2022 |language=ur}}</ref>

In 1992, he was chosen as a member of Darul Uloom Deoband's Majlis-e Shura (advisory committee) and held this position for 14 years until his death in 2005.<ref name="Jāme o Mukhtasar">{{cite book |last=Khalili Qasmi|first=Muhammadullah |title=Darul Uloom Deoband Ki Jame' o Mukhtasar Tareekh|trans-title=A comprehensive and brief history of Darul Uloom Deoband|publisher=Shaikhul Hind Academy|location=Deoband |pages=322, 323, 758|edition=October 2020 |chapter=Return of Qadianism to India and services of Darul Uloom Deoband" – "Members of Majlis-e Shura, Darul Uloom Deoband|language=ur}}</ref><ref name="As‘adī">{{cite book|last1=Qasmi|first1=Muhammad Obaidullah Asadi|title=دار العلوم ديوبند (مدرسة فكرية توجيهية حركة إصلاحية دعوية، مؤسسة تعليمية تربوية)|trans-title= Darul Uloom Deoband (a school of thought, guidance, a reformist advocacy movement, and an educational institution)|publisher=Shaikhul Hind Academy of Darul Uloom Deoband|location=Deoband|edition=1st|chapter=Advisory Board members|page=104|language=ar}}</ref> He also served as the President of the Odisha branch of the Rabta-e-Madaris-e-Islamia Arabia, Darul Uloom Deoband.<ref name="raabta">{{cite book |last=Bastavi|first=Shaukat Ali Qasmi|title=Rabta-e-Madaris-e-Islamia Arabia Darul Uloom Deoband Ki 13 Saala Khidmāt|trans-title=Thirteen years of service by "Rabta-e-Madaris-e-Islamia Arabia, Darul Uloom Deoband"|publisher=Central Office of All India Rabta-e-Madaris-e-Islamia Arabia, Darul Uloom Deoband|location=Deoband |pages=106–107|edition=May 2007|language=ur}}</ref>

He was a supporter of the [[Indian National Congress]] and remained associated with it until his late life.<ref name="interview"></ref> He was also active in the [[Indian independence movement]].<ref name="interview"></ref><ref name="Bayaz">{{cite book |last1=Naqeeb |first1=Khawar|title=Bayaz e Rahmat|url=https://www.rekhta.org/ebooks/detail/bayaz-e-rahmat-ebooks?lang=ur=ur|publisher= Educational Publishing House|location=Lal Kunwan, [[Delhi]]|edition= 2014 |page=11|chapter=Matan Ki Bazyaft|language=ur}}</ref> He was also a member of the working committee of [[Jamiat Ulema-e-Hind]].<ref name="Zikr"></ref>

== Literary works ==
Katki's works include:<ref name="ehtesāb">{{cite book |last=Bahawalpuri|first=Allah Wasaya|author-link=Allah Wasaya|title=Ehtisab e Qadianiyyat|volume=40|chapter=Presentation of Compiler", "Report Debate Yadgar Yadgir: Attribution|publisher=[[Aalmi Majlis Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat]]|location=[[Multan]], Pakistan|pages=4–7, 44|edition=1st |language=ur}}</ref><ref name="Newalpuri"></ref><ref name="rangarang">{{cite book |last=Bahawalpuri|first=Allah Wasaya|title=Chamnistan e Khatme Nabuwat Ke Gulha e Rangarang|trans-title=|volume=2|chapter=Ismail Katki, Maulana Muhammad|publisher=Aalmi Majlis Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat|location=Multan, Pakistan|pages=645–647|edition=1st |language=ur}}</ref>
* ''Yadgar e Yadgir'' (1965)
* ''Islam e Qadiani''
* ''Quran e Qadiani'' (First Edition: 24 February 1946; Second Edition: February 2020; which was again published by Shah Alam Gorakhpuri as a magazine with the book "Muhasaba e Qadianiyyat," published under the supervision of [[Allah Wasaya]] from the [[Aalmi Majlis Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat]], Pakistan.<ref name="muhasaba">{{cite book|last=Bahawalpuri|first=Allah Wasaya |title= Muhasaba e Qadianiyyat|publisher=Aalmi Majlis Tahaffuz Khatm-e-Nubuwwat|location=Huzuri Bagh Road, Multan |pages=6–7|edition=1st |language=ur |chapter=Quran e Qadiyani}}</ref>)
* ''Zara Ghaur Kerein'' (Katki's writings are collected in this book by Shah Alam Gorakhpuri.)
* ''Munazara e Bhadrak''<ref name="interview2"></ref>
* ''Qadiani Kahin Ki Musalman Nohanti?'' (In [[Odia language]]; {{translation|Why aren't Qadianis Muslims?}})<ref name="Amīn"></ref>

== Death ==
He died on 20 February 2005 (11 [[Muharram]] 1426 AH) at the age of 91 or 92 in Sungra, Cuttack district, Orissa (now [[Odisha]]).<ref name="Amīn"></ref><ref name="Ad-Dā'ī"></ref><ref name="sana">{{cite book|last=Qasmi|first=Sanaul Huda|title=Yaadon Ke Charagah|trans-title=Lamps of memories|volume=2|publisher=Iram Publishing House|location=Daryapur, [[Patna]]|pages=115–116|language=ur}}</ref>

== See also ==
* [[List of Deobandis]]
* [[List of Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ismail Katki, Muhammad}}
[[Category:1914 births]]
[[Category:2005 deaths]]
[[Category:Deobandis]]
[[Category:People from Cuttack district]]
[[Category:People from Odisha]]
[[Category:Darul Uloom Deoband alumni]]
[[Category:Madrasa Shahi alumni]]
[[Category:Writers from Odisha]]

Muhammad Ismail Katki - Revision history

Abhi150898: Wrote an informative guide.