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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{short description|Pakistan-occupied Kashmir politician}}
{{Infobox President
| name = Sardar Muhammad Abdul Qayyum Khan
| image =
| caption =
| imagesize =
| office4 = [[Prime Minister of Azad Jammu and Kashmir]]
| term_start4 = 29 July 1991
| term_end4 = 29 July 1996
| predecessor4 = Raja Mumtaz Hussain Rathore
| successor4 = [[Sultan Mehmood Chaudhry]]
| office1 = [[President of Azad Jammu and Kashmir]]
| term_start1 = 1 October 1985
| term_end1 = 20 July 1991
| predecessor1 = Major General Abdul Rahman Khan
| successor1 = Sahibzada Ishaq Zafar (acting)
| term_start2 = 30 October 1970
| term_end2 = 16 April 1975
| predecessor2 = Brigadier Abdul Rahman Khan (interim)
| successor2 = [[Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan]]
| term_start3 = 8 September 1956
| term_end3 = 13 April 1957
| predecessor3 = Mirwaiz Muhammad Yousuf Shah
| successor3 = [[Sardar Muhammad Ibrahim Khan]]
| party = [[All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference|Muslim Conference]]
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1924|04|04}}<ref name=Tribune/>
| birth_place = Ghaziabad, [[Historical Poonch District|Poonch district]], [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]], [[British Indian Empire]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|2015|07|10|1924|04|04}}<ref name=Tribune/>
| death_place = [[Rawalpindi]], [[Pakistan]]<ref name=Tribune/>
| spouse =
| relations = Sardar [[Attique Ahmed Khan]] (son)
| signature =
}}

[[Sardar]] '''Muhammad Abdul Qayyum Khan''' (also known as '''ʻAbdul Qayyūm K̲h̲ān''', [[Urdu]]: سردار محمد عبدالقيوم خان) was a Kashmiri politician who also served as the [[President (government title)#Sub-national|president]] and the [[prime minister]] of [[Azad Jammu and Kashmir]] (AJK). He also remained President of [[All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference]] for over 20 years.<ref name="Sarwar 02">{{cite web|last1=Sarwar|first1=Awan|title=Sar Muhammad Abdul Qayyum no more|url=http://pakobserver.net/detailnews.asp?id=267973|website=pakobserver.net|access-date=12 July 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150811031440/http://pakobserver.net/detailnews.asp?id=267973|archive-date=11 August 2015}}</ref> He belonged to Dhund-Abbassi Tribe.

== Early life and career ==
Sardar Abdul Qayyum was born on 4 April 1924 in Ghaziabad, [[Bagh District|Bagh tehsil]] ([[Poonch jagir]]), then part of the princely state of [[Jammu and Kashmir (princely state)|Jammu and Kashmir]]. After completing his secondary education in [[Jammu]], he joined the Engineers Corps of the British Indian Army and served in Africa and the Middle East.<ref name=Dawn>Tariq Naqqash, [https://www.dawn.com/news/1193762 Sardar Abdul Qayyum Khan – End of an era], Dawn, Updated 11 July 2015, Retrieved 20 May 2017</ref><ref name=Tribune>Obaid Abbasi, [https://tribune.com.pk/story/918793/obituary-sardar-abdul-qayyum-passes-away/ Profile and obituary of Muhammad Abdul Qayyum Khan], The Express Tribune, 11 July 2015, Retrieved 20 May 2017</ref>

== 1947 Kashmir conflict ==
He actively participated in the Kashmiri freedom struggle. His title ''Mujahid-e-Awwal'' (the first holy warrior) is based on the belief that he is the person who fired the first shot in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1947]].<ref name=Tribune/>

== Political career ==
In 1951, he joined the [[All Jammu and Kashmir Muslim Conference]]. He was elected president of this body a record 14 times during his lifetime.<ref name=Tribune/>
He was elected as [[President of Azad Jammu and Kashmir]] (AJK) state three times in 1956, 1971 and 1985.<ref name="Sarwar 02" /> "Towards the end of his term, his relations with then prime minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto started turning sour. As a result in 1974, Sardar Abdul Qayyum Khan was removed from the office of the president through a vote of no confidence."<ref name=Dawn/>

He also remained Prime Minister of [[Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]] from 1991 to 1996. In 2002, he was made chairman of the National Kashmir Committee. His son [[Sardar Attique Ahmed Khan]] also became Prime Minister of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir in 2006 and then again in 2010.<ref name=Dawn/>

== Writer ==
He is the author of dozens of books on the Kashmir Freedom Struggle ([[Kashmir conflict]]). He also wrote on political, mystic, spiritual and religious topics.<ref name="Sarwar 02" /> Some of the publications include:

*''Kashmir seeks attention''
*''Kashmir problem : options for settlement? : a geopolitical analysis''
*''Kashmīr bane gā Pākistān''.
*''Āzād Kashmīr men̲ Islāmī qavānīn kā nafāz̲'', <small>on the enforcement of Islamic laws in Pakistan-occupied Kashmir during 1971–1975; speeches and articles previously published separately in various journals.</small>
*''Muqaddamah-yi Kashmīr'', <small>a historical study on the Kashmir dispute.</small>

== Death and legacy ==
He died in Rawalpindi on 10 July 2015.<ref name= Tribune/> The Pakistan-occupied Kashmir government announced a three-day mourning period on his death.<ref name="Sarwar 02"/>

== See also ==
* [[President of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir|Presidents of Kashmir]]
* [[Chaudhry Ghulam Abbas]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Pakistan Movement}}
{{Presidents of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir}}
{{Prime Ministers of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Muhammad Abdul Qayyum}}
[[Category:1924 births]]
[[Category:2015 deaths]]
[[Category:Pahari Pothwari people]]
[[Category:People from Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]
[[Category:Presidents of Pakistan-occupied Kashmir]]
[[Category:Pakistan Movement activists from Kashmir]]
[[Category:People of the 1947 Kashmir conflict]]

Muhammad Abdul Qayyum Khan - Revision history

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