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->Ranadhira: /* Battles */Another battle.

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Battles: Another battle.

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{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Mughal-Rajput Wars
| image =
| caption =
| date = 1526–1750
| place = Modern day [[Haryana]], [[Rajasthan]], [[Gujarat]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[Madhya Pradesh]], [[Bihar]]
| result = * Expansion of Mughal influence in [[Northern India]] after [[Battle of Khanwa|Khanwa]].
* Many Rajput nobles join the Mughal court during [[Akbar]]s reign and gain influence in Mughal politics.
* Major rebellions during [[Bahadur Shah I|Bahadur Shah]]s reign. After his death, Rajputs have a stream of success and regain their independence.
| territory =
| combatant1 = [[Mughal Empire]]
| combatant2 = [[Rajput|Rajput Confederation]]
| commander1 = [[Babur]] [[Akbar]] [[Jahangir]] [[Aurangzeb]] [[Bahadur Shah I]] [[Farrukhsiyar]]
| commander2 = [[Rana Sanga]] [[Medini Rai]] [[Prithviraj Singh I]] [[Maldeo Rathore]] [[Udai Singh II]] [[Maharana Pratap|Pratap Singh I]] [[Chandrasen Rathore]] [[Amar Singh I]] [[Durgadas Rathore]] [[Raj Singh I]] [[Ajit Singh of Marwar|Raja Ajit Singh]] [[Jai Singh of Mewar|Jai Singh]]
}}

The '''Mughal-Rajput Wars''' were a series of battles fought between the [[Rajput|Rajput Confederacy]] and the [[Mughal Empire]] which started with the Timurid ruler [[Babur]]'s invasion of northwestern India and the head of the Rajput confederacy [[Rana Sanga]]'s resistance to it. In the year 1526, he invaded [[Hindustan]], Babur was given stiff resistance by Rana Sanga however Babur defeated the Rana in the [[Battle of Khanwa]] in 1527. The wars were however continued by the descendants of both Rana Sanga and Babur.
Babur's grandson [[Akbar]] faced heavy resistance by [[Rana Udai Singh II]] and [[Rana Pratap]], [[Jahangir]] was opposed by [[Rana Amar Singh]].{{sfn|Pant|2012|p=129}} Similarly [[Aurangzeb]] was opposed by [[Rana Raj Singh]] and his son [[Rana Jai Singh]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sen |first=Sailendra |title=A Textbook of Medieval Indian History |publisher=Primus Books |year=2013 |isbn=978-9-38060-734-4 |pages=183}}</ref>

[[Chandrasen Rathore]] defended his kingdom for nearly two decades against relentless attacks from the Mughal Empire. Mughals were not able to establish their direct rule in Marwar until Chandrasen was alive.<ref>{{cite book |title=Royal Umbrellas of Stone: Memory, Politics, and Public Identity in Rajput Funerary Art |first=Melia Belli |last=Bose |publisher=BRILL |year=2015 |isbn=978-9-00430-056-9 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=6dR0CgAAQBAJ&pg=PA150 |page=150}}</ref>

In 1679, State of Mewar and Marwar rebelled against Aurangzeb. While a peace treaty was signed with Mewar after a year, war with Marwar went on till the death of Aurangzeb and concluded in capture of Marwar by Rathore forces after Aurangzeb's death.

During the [[Rajput Rebellion 1708-1710|Rajput rebellion of 1708–10]], the Mughals were forced to accept a humiliating peace treaty with the Rajput Rajas.<ref>The Cambridge History of India, Volume 3 pg 322</ref> Rajputs forced Mughals to make them governors of [[Malwa]], [[Sindh]] and [[Gujarat]].

[[Durgadas Rathore]] fought the Mughals for 25 years, until [[Ajit Singh of Marwar|Ajit Singh]] was made the Raja of Marwar<ref>{{cite book |title=The Cambridge History of India |pages=248–252, 281 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=yoI8AAAAIAAJ |accessdate=2011-09-15|last1=Dodwell |first1=Henry Herbert |year=1928 }}</ref> who became so influential in Mughal politics that he challenged the Mughal Emperor [[Farrukhsiyar]] by making an alliance with the [[Sayyid brothers]]. On 28 February 1719 Farrukhsiyar was deposed by Sayyid Brothers.<ref>Irvine pg. 390</ref>

The Mughals tried to collect taxes in Rajputana during late 18th century however they were met with resistance in every town and village leading to invasions by the Mughal generals. The most powerful Mughal generals had been reduced to the state of beggary after their campaigns in Rajputana during 1750s. Salabat Khan had spent 60 lakhs against the Rajputs but could only extort 5 lakhs. Similarly Zulfiqar Jang who had a strong political presence and troops had ruined himself from the Rajput expedition. These campaigns ruined the Mughal Empire financially and caused arrears and the disbanding of large amounts of troops. The Mughal capital itself was affected, leaving only a few retainers to guard the palace and man the artillery.<ref name=FM>[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.43007/page/n199 Fall Of The Mughal Empire] - Vol. I (4th ed.), volume 1, pp. 216 & 223.</ref>

== Battles ==
* Siege of Bikaner
Rao Jaitsi of Bikaner successfully defended his capital and defeated a Mughal army under Kamran, brother of Mughal emperor Humayun.<ref>{{Cite book|first=Rima|last=Hooja|title=A History of Rajasthan|publisher=Rupa and company|year=2006|pages=541|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=tosMAQAAMAAJ&dq=history+of+rajasthan&focus=searchwithinvolume&q=1538+kamran}}</ref>
* [[Battle of Bayana]]
[[Rana Sanga]] led Rajput army sieged the fortress of Bayana held by Nizam Khan in Feb 1527. [[Babur]] sent detachment under Chin Timur Khan to relieve the fortress, the mughal contingent was defeated outside the walls of Bayana and the fort of Bayana surrendered to Rana Sanga.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chandra|first=Satish|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Rm9MC4DDrcC|title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II|date=2005|publisher=Har-Anand Publications|isbn=978-81-241-1066-9|pages=33|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Battle of Khanwa]]
Rajput Confederacy under [[Rana Sanga]] was defeated by [[Babur]] in 1527. This was the largest battle ever happened between Mughals and Rajputs involving a total of more than 150,000 soldiers.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Barua|first=Pradeep|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=BBhuAAAAMAAJ|title=The State at War in South Asia|date=2005|publisher=University of Nebraska Press|isbn=978-0-8032-1344-9|pages=34|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Battle of Chanderi|Siege of Chanderi]]
[[Babur]] besieged and captured Chanderi Fort in Malwa and it's ruler [[Medini Rai]] was defeated and killed.
* [[Siege of Chittorgarh (1567–1568)|Siege of Chittorgarh]]
[[Akbar]] led Mughal army besieged the famed Chittorgarh fort in 1567, which was then under command of [[Jaimal Rathore]] and [[Patta Singh Sisodia]], commanders of [[Udai Singh II|Udai Singh]]. The siege went on for 4 months and finally after the death of Jaimal, the fortress walls breached, that ensued Mughals emerged victorious.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Chandra|first=Satish|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0Rm9MC4DDrcC|title=Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals Part - II|date=2005|publisher=Har-Anand Publications|isbn=978-81-241-1066-9|pages=107–108|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Siege of Ranthambore (1568)|Siege of Ranthambore]] '''(1568)'''
[[Rao Surjan Hada]] had to surrender [[Ranthambore Fort]] to [[Akbar]] after later successfully put the fort under siege.
* [[Battle of Haldighati]]
Mughal army under the command of [[Man Singh I|Man Singh]] defeated [[Maharana Pratap]]'s Mewari army in the field of Haldighati in 1576 and conquered whole of Mewar.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Singh|first=Kesri|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AXIjYAAACAAJ|title=Maharana Pratap: The Hero of Haldighati|date=2002|publisher=Books Treasure|pages=18–35|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Battle of Dewair]]
The first battle of Dewair took place in 1582 between armies of [[Maharana Pratap]] and Mughal Garrison of dewair. Pratap's army defeated Mughal army in this battle.
* [[Battle of Dewair (1606)|Battle of Dewair]]
[[Amar Singh I|Maharana Amar Singh]] defeated Mughal army led by Prince [[Parviz Mirza|Parviz]] and Asaf Khan III in 1606.
* [[Rajput War (1679–1707)]] – A war between the Rathores and the Mughals that lasted for almost 30 years.
* [[Rajput Rebellion 1708-1710]]
**July 1708 - Jai Singh and Ajit Singh storm Amber and Jodhpur and retake their capitals from the Mughal garrisons.<ref name="RZ">{{Cite book|first=Jadunath|last=Sarkar|title=A History of Jaipur: C. 1503-1938|publisher=Orient Blackswan|year=1994|pages=162|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?redir_esc=y&id=O0oPIo9TXKcC&q=bahadur+shah+was+absent#v=snippet&q=bahadur%20shah%20was%20absent&f=false}}</ref>
** October 1708 - Sayyid Hussain Barha of Mewat and Churaman Jat defeated near Sambhar by the Rathor-Kachwaha army. Barha shot dead with his two brothers.<ref name="RZ" />
** January 1710 - Mir Khan of Narnaul with 7000 Mughal troops and Churaman Jat with 6000 Jats effectively checked by Gaj Singh Naruka at Javli.<ref name="RZ" />
** 24th March 1710 - Muhammad Khan of Tonk defeated by the Rathor-Kachwaha army.<ref name="RZ" />

* [[Battle of Mandan]]
The Shekhawati Rajputs defeated a Mughal force under Mitrasen Ahir, Peero Khan and Kale Khan. After heavy losses Peero Khan died and Mitra Sen fled.<ref name=JP>{{Cite book|first=Rima|last=Hooja|title=A History of Rajasthan|publisher=Rupa and company|year=2006|pages=694|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=qqd1RAAACAAJ&dq=rime%20hooja%20rajasthan&source=gbs_book_other_versions|quote=in a pitched battle at Mandan, both sides suffered heavily. Peero Khan died and Mitra Sen fled the field, leaving the Shekhawat chiefs victorious.}}</ref>

* [[Battle of Mandan|Battle of Khatu-Shyamji]]
Devi Singh Shekhawat defeated the imperial army under Murtaza Khan Bhadech.<ref name=JP/>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Conflicts in 1525]]
[[Category:1525 in India]]
[[Category:Babur]]
[[Category:Rajput era]]

Mughal-Rajput Wars - Revision history

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