Mudiraju - Revision history

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	{{Short description\|Indian caste}}		{{Short description\|Indian caste}}
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← Older revision		Revision as of 20:31, 23 July 2023
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			{{Short description\|Indian caste}}
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	~~{{short description\|Indian caste}}~~		The '''Mudiraju''' or '''Mudiraj''' and '''Mutrasi''', earlier recorded as '''Mutracha''', is a caste found in [[Andhra Pradesh]] and [[Telangana]].<ref>{{Cite book \|last=Gafoor \|first=Khaja Abdul \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=i55CAQAAIAAJ \|title=Social Services in Hyderabad \|publisher=Citizen Press \|year=1955 \|location=[[New Delhi]], [[India]], [[Asia]] \|pages=143: MUDIRAJ (MUTRASI) Kabberu, Kabbaliga, Tenugollu: — Mutrasi, Mut Raj, Mudiraj, Koli, Naik Bantu, Telgand, Tengand — a large cultivating, hunting and labouring tribe of Dravidian descent, members of which are engaged as village watchmen under the title of Mannewad. They were, in ancient times engaged as soldiers, which has won for them the military title Bantu. \|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book \|last=Hassan \|first=Syed Siraj ul \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lYSd-3yL9h0C \|title=The Castes and Tribes of H.E.H. the Nizam's Dominions \|publisher=[[Asian Educational Services]] \|year=1989 \|isbn=978-81-206-0488-9 \|location=New Delhi, India, Asia \|pages=LXXV: Mutrasi, Mut-Raj, Modi-Raj, Koli, Naik, Bantu, Tengaud—a large cultivating, hunting and labouring tribe of Dravidian descent, members of which are engaged as village watch men under the title of Mannepod \|language=en}}</ref> It is categorised among the [[Other Backward Classes]] by the [[Government of India]].<ref name=":0" />
	'''Mudiraju''' or '''Mudiraj''', earlier recorded as '''Mutracha''', is a ~~[[Telugu language\|Telugu]] community from~~ [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana~~]] and also some portion of [[Tamil Nadu~~]].<ref>{{~~cite~~ book\|~~editor1~~=~~Eveline Masilamani-Meyer~~ \|~~title=Kattavarayan Katai~~
	~~\|publisher=Otto Harassowitz Verlag\|year=2004\|page=19\|isbn=9783447047128~~		== Titles ==
	~~\|quote~~=~~Among the Telugu castes that came to Tamilnadu were the Mutturajas or Mutrāchas.~~ \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=~~iw7SL2QrgcQC&pg=PA19}}</ref><ref>{{cite book~~\|~~editor1~~=~~L. D. Sanghvi~~ \|~~editor2=V. Balakrishnan \|editor3=Irawati Karmarkar Karve \|title~~=~~Biology of the People of Tamil Nadu~~ \|year=~~1981~~\|~~page~~=21\|~~quote~~=~~Mutracha~~ (MT) ~~Mutracha is primarily~~ a ~~Telugu caste found in~~ the ~~southern districts~~ of ~~Andhra Pradesh~~. They were ~~employed by the Vijayanagar kings to defend their frontiers when they entered Tamil Nadu and were honoured with~~ the title ~~of Paligar. They speak Telugu~~. ~~In Tamil Nadu, they are more numerous in Tiruchirappalli than elsewhere~~ \|~~url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bxiAAAAAMAAJ&q~~=~~%2C+++++andhra+Pradesh+frontiers++honoured++paligar++vijayanagar++more+numerous+++Tiruchirappalli~~}}</ref><ref>{{~~cite~~ book\|~~editor1-first=Venkatesh B. \|editor1-~~last=~~Athreya~~ \|~~editor2-~~first=~~Göran~~ \|~~editor2-last~~=~~Djurfeldt \|editor3-first~~=~~Staffan \|editor3~~-~~last= Lindberg~~ \|title=~~Barriers broken: production relations~~ and ~~agrarian change in Tamil Nadu~~ \|publisher= ~~Sage Publications~~\|year=~~1990~~ \|~~page~~=25 \|~~isbn~~=~~9780803996397~~ \|~~quote~~=~~The Muthurajas are descendants of the soldiers which the poligars recruited in their homeland~~, ~~the Telugu~~-~~speaking areas~~ of ~~contemporary Andhra Pradesh~~, ~~north~~ of ~~Tamil Nadu. Like other castes originating from Andhra, they~~ are ~~bilingual, often speaking Telugu in family circles and Tamil outside~~ the ~~house~~ \|~~url~~=~~https://books.google.com/books?id=VwbtAAAAMAAJ~~}}</ref><ref>{{~~cite book~~\|~~editor1~~=~~K. M. Venkataramaiah~~ \|title~~=A handbook~~ of ~~Tamil Nadu~~		* '''Mannewad''', The Mudirajus who were engaged as village guard under the title of Mannewad.{{sfn\|Gafoor\|1955\|pp=143}}
	\|~~year=1996~~\|~~page=425~~\|~~isbn~~=~~9788185692203~~		* '''Bantu''', The Mudirajus of [[South India]] served as soldiers under several [[Princely State\|princely state]]s and [[raja]]s and received the title of Bantu by rulers.{{sfn\|Gafoor\|1955\|pp=143}}
	~~\|quote=Muthuracha: A Telugu caste found~~ in ~~some districts of Tamil Nadu,~~ the ~~Muthuracha (muthurācha) is also called Muttaraiyan. Some are talaiyāris or watchmen~~ of ~~villages~~. ~~They seem to be a major sect in the coastal villages of Andhra Pradesh~~\| ~~url~~=~~https://books.google.com/books?id~~=~~2pAMAQAAMAAJ&q~~=~~Muthuracha}}</ref>~~ It is categorised among the [[Other Backward Classes]] by the [[Government of India]].<ref>[http://ncbc.nic.in/User_Panel/GazetteResolution.aspx?Value=mPICjsL1aLvYBtdZSrP4uO%2bploAhiJHMitEMCkgxxsH%2f7oa9L5Zf2o2HH3BmrgcE Central List of OBCs]</ref> They were once armed retainers in Telugu villages, and many were ''[[Polygar\|palaigars]]''. They are a dominant community and claimed Kshatriya status. There are two divisions: ''Paligiri'' and ''Oruganti'', and several ''intiperlu''.<ref>{{Cite journal\|date=September 1910\|title=The Castes and Tribes of Southern India\|journal=Nature\|volume=84\|issue=2134\|pages=365–367\|doi=10.1038/084365a0\|issn=0028-0836\|doi-access=free}}</ref>		* '''Cherish''', The Mudirajus who served in ancient kingdoms and empires in India were honoured with the title of Cherish.{{sfn\|Gafoor\|1955\|pp=144}}

			== Classification ==
			It is categorised among the [[Other Backward Classes]] by the [[Government of India]].<ref name=":0">[http://ncbc.nic.in/User_Panel/GazetteResolution.aspx?Value=mPICjsL1aLvYBtdZSrP4uO%2bploAhiJHMitEMCkgxxsH%2f7oa9L5Zf2o2HH3BmrgcE Central List of OBCs]</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==
	* [[~~Gangaputra (Besta)~~]]		* [[Muthuraja]]

	==References==		==References==
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	[[Category:Indian castes]]		[[Category:Indian castes]]

	~~{{India-ethno-stub}}~~

2405:201:C001:FA45:6900:FC6:F3C0:123A: /* See also */

2021-08-12T12:14:56Z

See also

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:44, 12 August 2021
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	{{short description\|Indian caste}}		{{short description\|Indian caste}}
	'''Mudiraju''' or '''Mudiraj''', earlier recorded as '''Mutracha''', is a [[Telugu language\|Telugu]] community from [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]] and also some portion of [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite book\|editor1=Eveline Masilamani-Meyer \|title=Kattavarayan Katai		'''Mudiraju''' or '''Mudiraj''', earlier recorded as '''Mutracha''', is a [[Telugu language\|Telugu]] community from [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]] and also some portion of [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite book\|editor1=Eveline Masilamani-Meyer \|title=Kattavarayan Katai
	\|publisher=Otto ~~Harrassowitz~~ Verlag\|year=2004\|page=19\|isbn=9783447047128		\|publisher=Otto Harassowitz Verlag\|year=2004\|page=19\|isbn=9783447047128
	\|quote=Among the Telugu castes that came to Tamilnadu were the Mutturajas or Mutrāchas. \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iw7SL2QrgcQC&pg=PA19}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|editor1=L. D. Sanghvi \|editor2=V. Balakrishnan \|editor3=Irawati Karmarkar Karve \|title=Biology of the People of Tamil Nadu \|year=1981\|page=21\|quote=Mutracha (MT) Mutracha is primarily a Telugu caste found in the southern districts of Andhra Pradesh. They were employed by the Vijayanagar kings to defend their frontiers when they entered Tamil Nadu and were honoured with the title of Paligar. They speak Telugu. In Tamil Nadu, they are more numerous in Tiruchirappalli than elsewhere \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bxiAAAAAMAAJ&q=%2C+++++andhra+Pradesh+frontiers++honoured++paligar++vijayanagar++more+numerous+++Tiruchirappalli}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|editor1-first=Venkatesh B. \|editor1-last=Athreya \|editor2-first=Göran \|editor2-last=Djurfeldt \|editor3-first=Staffan \|editor3-last= Lindberg \|title=Barriers broken: production relations and agrarian change in Tamil Nadu \|publisher= Sage Publications\|year=1990 \|page=25 \|isbn=9780803996397 \|quote=The Muthurajas are descendants of the soldiers which the poligars recruited in their homeland, the Telugu-speaking areas of contemporary Andhra Pradesh, north of Tamil Nadu. Like other castes originating from Andhra, they are bilingual, often speaking Telugu in family circles and Tamil outside the house \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VwbtAAAAMAAJ}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|editor1=K. M. Venkataramaiah \|title=A handbook of Tamil Nadu		\|quote=Among the Telugu castes that came to Tamilnadu were the Mutturajas or Mutrāchas. \| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iw7SL2QrgcQC&pg=PA19}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|editor1=L. D. Sanghvi \|editor2=V. Balakrishnan \|editor3=Irawati Karmarkar Karve \|title=Biology of the People of Tamil Nadu \|year=1981\|page=21\|quote=Mutracha (MT) Mutracha is primarily a Telugu caste found in the southern districts of Andhra Pradesh. They were employed by the Vijayanagar kings to defend their frontiers when they entered Tamil Nadu and were honoured with the title of Paligar. They speak Telugu. In Tamil Nadu, they are more numerous in Tiruchirappalli than elsewhere \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bxiAAAAAMAAJ&q=%2C+++++andhra+Pradesh+frontiers++honoured++paligar++vijayanagar++more+numerous+++Tiruchirappalli}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|editor1-first=Venkatesh B. \|editor1-last=Athreya \|editor2-first=Göran \|editor2-last=Djurfeldt \|editor3-first=Staffan \|editor3-last= Lindberg \|title=Barriers broken: production relations and agrarian change in Tamil Nadu \|publisher= Sage Publications\|year=1990 \|page=25 \|isbn=9780803996397 \|quote=The Muthurajas are descendants of the soldiers which the poligars recruited in their homeland, the Telugu-speaking areas of contemporary Andhra Pradesh, north of Tamil Nadu. Like other castes originating from Andhra, they are bilingual, often speaking Telugu in family circles and Tamil outside the house \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VwbtAAAAMAAJ}}</ref><ref>{{cite book\|editor1=K. M. Venkataramaiah \|title=A handbook of Tamil Nadu
	\|year=1996\|page=425\|isbn=9788185692203		\|year=1996\|page=425\|isbn=9788185692203
	\|quote=Muthuracha: A Telugu caste found in some districts of Tamil Nadu, the Muthuracha (muthurācha) is also called Muttaraiyan. Some are talaiyāris or watchmen of villages. They seem to be a major sect in the coastal villages of Andhra Pradesh\| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2pAMAQAAMAAJ&q=Muthuracha}}</ref> It is categorised among the [[Other Backward Classes]] by the [[Government of India]].<ref>[http://ncbc.nic.in/User_Panel/GazetteResolution.aspx?Value=mPICjsL1aLvYBtdZSrP4uO%2bploAhiJHMitEMCkgxxsH%2f7oa9L5Zf2o2HH3BmrgcE Central List of OBCs]</ref> They were once armed retainers in Telugu villages, and many were ''[[Polygar\|palaigars]]''. They are a dominant community and claimed Kshatriya status. There are two divisions: ''Paligiri'' and ''Oruganti'', and several ''intiperlu''.<ref>{{Cite journal\|date=September 1910\|title=The Castes and Tribes of Southern India~~\|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/084365a0~~\|journal=Nature\|volume=84\|issue=2134\|pages=365–367\|doi=10.1038/084365a0\|issn=0028-0836\|doi-access=free}}</ref> Like other backward class communities in the Andhra-Telangana region, community in recent years has been influenced by Hindutva ideology and have been more assertive against Dalits.<ref>{{Cite web\|last=Dhara\|first=Tushar\|title=In Telangana, rising OBC-led anti-Dalit violence points to Hindutva’s inroads in the state\|url=https://caravanmagazine.in/communities/in-telangana-rising-obc-led-anti-dalit-violence-points-to-hindutvas-inroads-in-the-state\|access-date=2020-12-15\|website=The Caravan\|language=en}}</ref>		\|quote=Muthuracha: A Telugu caste found in some districts of Tamil Nadu, the Muthuracha (muthurācha) is also called Muttaraiyan. Some are talaiyāris or watchmen of villages. They seem to be a major sect in the coastal villages of Andhra Pradesh\| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2pAMAQAAMAAJ&q=Muthuracha}}</ref> It is categorised among the [[Other Backward Classes]] by the [[Government of India]].<ref>[http://ncbc.nic.in/User_Panel/GazetteResolution.aspx?Value=mPICjsL1aLvYBtdZSrP4uO%2bploAhiJHMitEMCkgxxsH%2f7oa9L5Zf2o2HH3BmrgcE Central List of OBCs]</ref> They were once armed retainers in Telugu villages, and many were ''[[Polygar\|palaigars]]''. They are a dominant community and claimed Kshatriya status. There are two divisions: ''Paligiri'' and ''Oruganti'', and several ''intiperlu''.<ref>{{Cite journal\|date=September 1910\|title=The Castes and Tribes of Southern India\|journal=Nature\|volume=84\|issue=2134\|pages=365–367\|doi=10.1038/084365a0\|issn=0028-0836\|doi-access=free}}</ref>

	==See also==		==See also==
	* [[~~Muthuraja~~]]		* [[Gangaputra (Besta)]]

	==References==		==References==

>OAbot: Open access bot: doi added to citation with #oabot.

2021-04-27T01:15:26Z

Open access bot: doi added to citation with #oabot.

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2019}}
{{short description|Indian caste}}
'''Mudiraju''' or '''Mudiraj''', earlier recorded as '''Mutracha''', is a [[Telugu language|Telugu]] community from [[Andhra Pradesh]], [[Telangana]] and also some portion of [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite book|editor1=Eveline Masilamani-Meyer |title=Kattavarayan Katai
|publisher=Otto Harrassowitz Verlag|year=2004|page=19|isbn=9783447047128
|quote=Among the Telugu castes that came to Tamilnadu were the Mutturajas or Mutrāchas. | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iw7SL2QrgcQC&pg=PA19}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor1=L. D. Sanghvi |editor2=V. Balakrishnan |editor3=Irawati Karmarkar Karve |title=Biology of the People of Tamil Nadu |year=1981|page=21|quote=Mutracha (MT) Mutracha is primarily a Telugu caste found in the southern districts of Andhra Pradesh. They were employed by the Vijayanagar kings to defend their frontiers when they entered Tamil Nadu and were honoured with the title of Paligar. They speak Telugu. In Tamil Nadu, they are more numerous in Tiruchirappalli than elsewhere |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bxiAAAAAMAAJ&q=%2C+++++andhra+Pradesh+frontiers++honoured++paligar++vijayanagar++more+numerous+++Tiruchirappalli}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor1-first=Venkatesh B. |editor1-last=Athreya |editor2-first=Göran |editor2-last=Djurfeldt |editor3-first=Staffan |editor3-last= Lindberg |title=Barriers broken: production relations and agrarian change in Tamil Nadu |publisher= Sage Publications|year=1990 |page=25 |isbn=9780803996397 |quote=The Muthurajas are descendants of the soldiers which the poligars recruited in their homeland, the Telugu-speaking areas of contemporary Andhra Pradesh, north of Tamil Nadu. Like other castes originating from Andhra, they are bilingual, often speaking Telugu in family circles and Tamil outside the house |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=VwbtAAAAMAAJ}}</ref><ref>{{cite book|editor1=K. M. Venkataramaiah |title=A handbook of Tamil Nadu
|year=1996|page=425|isbn=9788185692203
|quote=Muthuracha: A Telugu caste found in some districts of Tamil Nadu, the Muthuracha (muthurācha) is also called Muttaraiyan. Some are talaiyāris or watchmen of villages. They seem to be a major sect in the coastal villages of Andhra Pradesh| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2pAMAQAAMAAJ&q=Muthuracha}}</ref> It is categorised among the [[Other Backward Classes]] by the [[Government of India]].<ref>[http://ncbc.nic.in/User_Panel/GazetteResolution.aspx?Value=mPICjsL1aLvYBtdZSrP4uO%2bploAhiJHMitEMCkgxxsH%2f7oa9L5Zf2o2HH3BmrgcE Central List of OBCs]</ref> They were once armed retainers in Telugu villages, and many were ''[[Polygar|palaigars]]''. They are a dominant community and claimed Kshatriya status. There are two divisions: ''Paligiri'' and ''Oruganti'', and several ''intiperlu''.<ref>{{Cite journal|date=September 1910|title=The Castes and Tribes of Southern India|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/084365a0|journal=Nature|volume=84|issue=2134|pages=365–367|doi=10.1038/084365a0|issn=0028-0836|doi-access=free}}</ref> Like other backward class communities in the Andhra-Telangana region, community in recent years has been influenced by Hindutva ideology and have been more assertive against Dalits.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Dhara|first=Tushar|title=In Telangana, rising OBC-led anti-Dalit violence points to Hindutva’s inroads in the state|url=https://caravanmagazine.in/communities/in-telangana-rising-obc-led-anti-dalit-violence-points-to-hindutvas-inroads-in-the-state|access-date=2020-12-15|website=The Caravan|language=en}}</ref>

==See also==
* [[Muthuraja]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Indian castes]]

{{India-ethno-stub}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 11:49, 24 July 2023
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	~~{{pp-semi-indef\|small=yes}}~~
	{{Short description\|Indian caste}}		{{Short description\|Indian caste}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=October 2022}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=October 2022}}