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{{Short description|Indian poet}}
{{EngvarB|date=August 2014}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2014}}
[[File:Vaidyar.JPG|thumb|right|270px| Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Smarakam (Memorial) at the poet's birthplace in Kondotty in Malappuram district, Kerala.]]
[[File:Muchundi Mosque.JPG|thumb|right|Muchundi Mosque (Muchundipalli), Kuttichira, Kozhikode where Moyinkutty Vaidyar camped when compiling some of his works.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/10/15/stories/2007101573970400.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071015151205/http://hindu.com/2007/10/15/stories/2007101573970400.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=15 October 2007 | location=Chennai, India | work=[[The Hindu]] | title=Documenting Kozhikode's rich tradition | date=15 October 2007}}</ref>]]

[[File:Handwritten.JPG|right|thumb|Handwritten copies of Vaidyar's works on display at the Vaidyar Smarakam at Kondotty.]]

'''Moyinkutty Vaidyar''' (1852–1892), often referred to as ''Mahakavi'' (great poet), is historically considered one of the most renowned poets of the [[Mappila pattu]] genre of [[Malayalam language]].<ref name="hindu_mar07">{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/03/31/stories/2007033110250500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121108104937/http://www.hindu.com/2007/03/31/stories/2007033110250500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=8 November 2012|title=Mappila songs cultural fountains of a bygone age, says MT|date=31 March 2007|access-date=15 August 2009|work=[[The Hindu]]|location=Chennai, India}}</ref>

==Personal life==
Moyinkutty was born to Unni Mammad and Kunjamina in 1852 at Ottuparakkuzhi, near [[Kondotti]] in [[Malappuram]] district.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mlp.kerala.gov.in/heri.htm |title=The Official Website of Malappuram District |access-date=2010-11-25 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100629045500/http://www.mlp.kerala.gov.in/heri.htm |archive-date=29 June 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref> Unni Mammad was famous practitioner of [[Ayurvedic]] medicine and a poet too. He lived longer than his son and completed his unfinished work titled ''Hijra'' from the 27th ''Ishal'' onwards.<ref name="profile"/> Moyinkutty continued his family tradition of Ayurvedic medical practice and learnt Sanskrit and Arabic languages.<ref name="survey">Pg 88, Malayalam literary survey: Volume 16, Issue 1 – Volume 17, Issue 4, Kēraḷa Sāhitya Akkādami – 1994</ref> He died at the age of 40 in 1892 leaving behind his wife, two sons and a daughter. No known photograph or painting of the poet exists today and none of his descendants survived after his children.<ref name="profile"/><ref name="Ishal70"/>

==Early works==
At a very young age of seventeen, he composed the romantic epic ''Badarul Munir – Husnul Jamal (1872)'' . It narrates a fictional love story between Prince Badarul Muneer, the son of the King Mahazin of Ajmeer and Husnul Jamal, daughter of his minister Mazmir. Most of the events narrated are pure fantasy, with plots involving the transformation of the hero into a bird and back, and frequent interactions with [[Jinn]]s.<ref name="Padhavum99">Pg 99–103, Mappilappattu – Padhavum Padhanavum ( Mappila songs – Study and Lessons) – Balakrishnan Vallikkunnu and Dr. Umar Tharamel, D.C. Books, 2006</ref>

==Padappattu==
Later works by the poet followed a very different pattern. These works were essentially war songs in nature. The ''Badar Padappattu'' and ''Malappuram Padappatt'' are the most popular songs of this genre.

===Badar Padappattu===

''Shabvathul Badarul Kubra'', more popularly known as the ''Badar Padappattu'' is considered one of the finest compositions of ''Mappilappattu''.<ref name="Padhavum56">Pg 56–65, Mappilappattu – Padhavum Padhanavum ( Mappila songs – Study and Lessons) – Balakrishnan Vallikkunnu and Dr. Umar Tharamel, D.C. Books, 2006</ref> It narrates the tale of the [[Battle of Badr]] by Prophet Muhammed and his companions.

===Malappuram Padappattu===

The ''Malappuram Padappattu'' (1883), also known as the ''Madhinidhi Mala'' describes the undercurrents of peasant life and struggles in [[Malappuram]] in the 18th and 19th centuries. In 1763, a local landlord named Para Nambi had a dispute with one of his officers named Ali Marakkar. The dispute escalated to a major battle between the landlord's men and the Mappilas and the lower caste Hindus amongst the tenants. 44 Mappilas and a lower caste Hindu of the ''Thattaan'' (goldsmith) caste lost their lives in the battle. They were eulogised later by the Mappilas. Some time later, the Nambi felt remorse at his deed and decided to make up with the Mappilas. This was the theme of the ''Malappuram Padappattu''. The work was composed with 68 {{transliteration|ml|ishals}}, four {{transliteration|ml|vambus}} and a {{transliteration|ml|kuthirachaattam}}. It also makes references to the story of the King [[Cheraman Perumal]] who is said to have journeyed to [[Makkah]] and converted to [[Islam]].<ref name="journal101">Pg 101, Journal of Kerala studies, Volume 6, University of Kerala., 1979</ref><ref name="asgharali">Pg 43, Kerala Muslims: a historical perspective, Asgharali Engineer, Ajanta Publications, 1995</ref><ref name="gazetteers">Pg 193 Kerala District Gazetteers: Malappuram, Kerala (India), A. Sreedhara Menon, printed by the Superintendent of Govt. Presses</ref>

==Other works==
Other major works of the poet include:<ref name="profile">A profile of Moyinkutty Vaidyar, Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Smarakam, Government of Kerala, Kondotty (see pic)</ref>
* ''Salaseel''
* ''Elippada'' (The battle of the rats, based on a [[Panchatantra]] tale )
* ''Ottakathinteyum maaninteyum katha'' ( The story of the camel and the deer)
* ''Bethilappattu'' (songs which appreciate the advantages of using [[betel leaf]], the customs and folkways associated).<ref name="Saidalavi"/>
* ''Hijra''
* ''Kilathimala''
* ''Moolapuranam''
* ''Uhad Padappattu'' (tells the legendary story of [[Battle of Uhud|Uhud war]])<ref name="Saidalavi"/>
* ''Theevandichinth''
* ''Swaleeqath''
* ''Mullappoocholayil''
* ''Karamath Mala''

==Style==
The songs of Moyinkutty Vaidyar are distinguished by their depth of imagination, the beauty of the metaphors used, the creativity comparisons involved and the variety of their ''ishals'' (tunes/modes).<ref name="Padhavum56"/>
His poems depicted the emotional manifestation of Muslims of the day, using literary forms such as romanticism, devotionalism and social realism.<ref name="asgharali"/>
The vivid portrayal of the movements of the horses in the battlefield in Vaidyar's ''Badar Padappattu'' is a particular example of the poet's style. The galloping of the stallions, their hoof-falls, their lightning speed, the tails fluttering and flying in the wind, the excitement of the riders pulling the bridle and the horses rearing up – together provide the reader a very peculiar effect.<ref>Pg 149, Indian literature, Volume 47, Issues 1–3, Sahitya Akademi., 2003</ref>

The poems are also notable for the hybrid language of Arabi Malayalam, Sanskrit and at times full sentences in pure Arabic.<ref name=Saidalavi>[http://irssh.com/yahoo_site_admin/assets/docs/10_IRSSH-223-V3N1.131230816.pdf An Analysis on Hybridization in Arabi Malayalam. Prof Saidalavi Cheerangote. April 2012 International Review of Social Sciences & Humanities;2012, Vol. 3 Issue 1, p96],</ref>

==Legacy==
In 1999, then [[Chief Minister of Kerala]], [[E. K. Nayanar]] inaugurated the [[Maha kavi moyinkutty vaidyar smaraka]] at the poet's birthplace in [[Kondotty]] as a cultural centre to attract research into the annotations of ''Badar pattu'', and its studies and interpretations in [[Malayalam]]. The centre runs certificate courses in ''Mappilappattu'' and ''Mappila kali''. It also has a folklore study centre, reference library and a historical museum attached to it. Each year it conducts the ''Vaidyar Mahotsavam'', a two or three-day festival that includes cultural and literary programmes related to all [[Mappila]] art forms. The Vaidyar Memorial Lecture is also delivered during the festival.<ref>mpcc.kerala.gov.in/vsb_mal/images/stories/downloads/cult_inst.pdf</ref>

In 2005, a two volume compilation of his works were released as a book ''Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar, Sampoorna Krithikal'' by the [[Kondotty]] based ''Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Smaraka Samithi'' under the aegis of the Culture Department, [[Government of Kerala]]. The songs were compiled by historians K.K. Mohammed Kareem and K. Abubacker.<ref name="bookvaidyar">[https://web.archive.org/web/20060919211901/http://www.hindu.com/2005/06/30/stories/2005063002500300.htm Remembering Moyinkutty The Hindu Thursday, Jun 30, 2005]</ref>

In 2010, a biographical work titled ''Ishal Chakravarthy Moyinkutty Vaidyar'' authored by Basheer Chunkathara was published by the Kerala [[Sahitya Akademi]].<ref name="Ishal70">Pg 70–72, Ishal Paithrukam, Quarterly Magazine of the Mahakavi Moyinkutty Vaidyar Memorial Center for Studies and Research on Folk and Mappila Arts (SCARF)Vol 1</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.hindu.com/2010/10/01/stories/2010100165430300.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101004154916/http://www.hindu.com/2010/10/01/stories/2010100165430300.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=4 October 2010 | location=Chennai, India | work=[[The Hindu]] | title=In Thiruvananthapuram Today | date=1 October 2010}}</ref>

==See also==
{{portal|Poetry}}
* [[Mappila songs]]
* [[Kondotty]]
* [[Maha kavi moyinkutty vaidyar smaraka]]

==References==
{{commons category}}
{{reflist|2}}

{{Music of Kerala}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Vaidyar}}
[[Category:Indian male poets]]
[[Category:1852 births]]
[[Category:1892 deaths]]
[[Category:Poets from Kerala]]
[[Category:Mappilas]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian Muslims]]
[[Category:People from Malappuram]]
[[Category:Malayalam poets]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian poets]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian male writers]]
[[Category:Arabi Malayalam poets]]

Moyinkutty Vaidyar - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article