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{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2019}}
{{Infobox religious building
| name = Moti Masjid
| image = Moti Masjid,Agra.jpg
| image_upright =
| alt =
| caption =
| map_type = India
| map_size = 250px
| map_alt =
| map_relief = yes
| map_caption = India
| coordinates = {{Coord|27|10|49.5|N|78|01|17.8|E|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates_footnotes =
| religious_affiliation = [[Sunni Islam]]
| locale =
| location = [[Agra]], [[Uttar Pradesh]], [[India]]
| deity =
| rite =
| sect =
| tradition =
| festival = 
| cercle =
| sector =
| administration =
| consecration_year =
| organisational_status = 
|type=| functional_status =
| heritage_designation =
| ownership =
| governing_body =
| leadership =
| bhattaraka =
| patron =
| religious_features_label =
| religious_features =
| architect =
| architecture_type = [[Jami Masjid]] (congregational mosque)
| architecture_style =
| founded_by =
| creator = [[Shah Jahan]]
| funded_by =
| general_contractor =
| established =
| groundbreaking =
| year_completed =1653
| construction_cost =2 lakhs 60 thousand rupees{{Citation needed|date=July 2021}}
| date_demolished = 
| facade_direction =
| capacity =
| length =71.4 m<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|title=Moti Masjid
|url=https://archnet.org/sites/1558|access-date=2021-07-26|website=Archnet}}</ref>
| width =57.2 m<ref name=":0" />
| width_nave =
| interior_area =
| height_max =
| dome_quantity =3
| dome_height_outer =
| dome_height_inner =
| dome_dia_outer =
| dome_dia_inner =
| minaret_quantity =
| minaret_height =
| spire_quantity =
| spire_height =
| site_area =
| temple_quantity =
| monument_quantity =
| shrine_quantity =
| inscriptions =
| materials =
| elevation_m = 
| elevation_footnotes =
| nrhp =
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}}

The '''Moti Masjid''' ({{Literal translation|Pearl Mosque}}) is a 17th-century [[congregational mosque]] located within the [[Agra Fort]] [[UNESCO World Heritage Site]]. Built by [[Mughal Emperor]] [[Shah Jahan]], the mosque is made entirely of white marble.<ref name=":1">{{Cite book|last=Asher|first=Catherine B.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/chol9780521267281|title=Architecture of Mughal India|date=1992-09-24|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-26728-1|pages=187-189}}</ref>

== History ==
[[File:Front of the Motee Musjid dli A136 cor.jpg|left|thumb|245x245px|Samuel Bourne, "[https://library.nga.gov/permalink/01NGA_INST/1cl1g8d/alma991734193504896 Front of the Motee Musjid, Agra, 1220]," 1863-1869, photograph mounted on cardboard sheet, [https://www.nga.gov/research/library/imagecollections.html Department of Image Collections, National Gallery of Art Library, Washington, DC]]]
The Agra Fort's modern appearance is largely owed to Shah Jahan, who dismantled several structures within the Agra Fort to add his own in marble. The Moti Masjid was one such structure. The mosque was constructed in the period 1646-1653, which was notably later than all of his other Agra Fort contributions (these were commenced in 1627, his first regnal year, and completed in 1638). The mosque's completion in 1653 was five years after the Mughal residence had shifted to [[Shahjahanabad]]. When Shah Jahan visited the mosque upon its completion, he was so impressed with the structure that he returned two years later to show two of his sons.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Asher|first=Catherine B.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/chol9780521267281|title=Architecture of Mughal India|date=1992-09-24|publisher=Cambridge University Press|isbn=978-0-521-26728-1|pages=182}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Alfieri|first=Bianca Maria|title=Islamic Architecture of the Indian Subcontinent|publisher=Lawrence King Publishing|year=2000|isbn=9781856691895|pages=242-244}}</ref>

==Architecture==
The mosque complex, built on a high plinth, is a walled enclosure situated to the north of the fort's courtyard. It lies on an east-west axis, and faces the [[Yamuna river]]. The outside of the walls is clad in red sandstone, while the inside bears marble. A high entryway is situated in the centre of each wall; the eastern one serves as the main entrance.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":3" />

Inside the enclosure walls is a nearly-square courtyard, lined by arcades on the north, south, and eastern edges. An ablution pool lies in the centre of the courtyard.<ref name=":0" />

On the western edge lies the main prayer hall itself, a [[Bay (architecture)|multi-bayed]] aisle structure supported by twelve-sided piers. The façade of the hall bears seven entryways, while the roof features three domes and several ''[[chhatri]].'' The front of the hall is shaded by a deep ''[[chhajja]]'' (eave), under which are Persian inscriptions in black marble. The inscriptions employ complex imagery to glorify Shah Jahan and the Moti Masjid. The interior of the prayer hall does not bear much decoration; Asher notes that the use of undecorated marble is typical of Shah Jahan's private religious architecture.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" /><ref name=":0" />

The Moti Masjid displays much influence from an earlier marble congregational mosque, constructed by Shah Jahan at the [[Ajmer Sharif Dargah]].<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":3" />

== Gallery ==
<gallery>
File:Moti Masjid Agra Fort India plan.jpg|Architectural plan.
File:Моти Масджид.jpg|19th-century painting of the Moti Masjid by [[Vasily Vereshchagin]].
File:Agra-26-Rotes Fort-Perlenmoschee-1976-gje.jpg|thumb|Facade of the Moti Masjid.
</gallery>
==See also==
*[[Mina Masjid]]
*[[Nagina Masjid]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
{{commonscat|Moti Masjid (Agra Fort)}}
*[http://www.columbia.edu/itc/mealac/pritchett/00routesdata/1600_1699/agrafort/motimasjid/motimasjid.html Ols Drawings of Moti Masjid]

{{Tourist attractions in Agra}}
{{Agra Division topics}}

[[Category:Agra Fort]]
[[Category:Mosques in Agra]]
[[Category:Grand mosques]]
[[Category:Marble buildings]]
[[Category:Mosques completed in 1653]]
[[Category:Mughal mosques]]

Moti Masjid (Agra Fort) - Revision history

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